RESPONSIBILTY TOWARD CRIME PREVENTION

Rules of Security Guards: 1. Protect lives and properties 2. Assist law enforcers 3. Guardian of peace and order 4. Symbol of public trust and confidence

Understand the Nature of Crime

1. Community/Environment 2. Society/Lipunan 3. Police Authority 4. Mass Media

Criminal Justice System

system of criminal justice creates the laws governing societys behavior, attempts to prevent violations of the laws, and apprehends, judges, and punishes those who do violate them.

5 Pillars:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Law enforcement Prosecution Courts Corrections Community

Purposes of Goals of Criminal Justice System

1. Primary Goals Maintenance of peace and order Protect members of society

2. Secondary Goals or Sub-Goals Prevention of crime The review of legality of preventive and suppressive measures. The judicial determination of guilt or innocence of the apprehended.

Law Enforcement: Powers and Functions

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Enforce all laws and ordinances relative to the protection of lives and properties. Maintain peace and order and take all necessary steps to ensure public safety. Investigate and prevent crimes, effect the arrest of criminal offenders, bring them to justice and assist in their prosecution. Exercise the general power to make arrest, search and seizure in accordance with the Constitution and pertinent laws. Detain an arrested person for a period not beyond what is prescribed by laws, informing the detained person of all his rights under the constitution. Issue license for the possession of firearms and explosives in accordance with laws. Supervise and control the training and operations of security agencies, and issue license to operate security agencies and to security guards and private detective for the practice of their profession. Perform such other duties and exercise all other functions as may be directed by the law.

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Arrest, Search and Seizure

Meaning of Search Warrant and Warrant of Arrest 1. Search Warrant is an order in writing, issued in the name of the People of the Republic of the Philippines, signed by a judge and directed to a peace officer, commanding him to search for certain personal property and bring it before the court. 2. Warrant of Arrest if the command is to arrest a person, to take him to into custody in order that he may be bound to answer for the commission of an offense.

Two kinds of Arrest 1. arrest with warrant 2. arrest without warrant

Pre-requisites for Valid Search Warrant or Warrant of Arrest 1. It must be issued upon probable cause. 2. The probable cause must be determined personally by the judge himself. 3. Such determination of the existence of probable cause must be made after examination by the judge of the complainant and the witnesses he may produce. 4. The warrant must particularly described the place to be searched, and the person of things to be seized.

When Arrest may be made without Warrant

When, in his presence, the person to be arrested has

committed, is actually committing, or is attempting to commit and offense. When an offense has in fact just been committed and has probable cause to believe based on personal knowledge of facts or circumstances that the person to be arrested has committed it. When the person to be arrested is a prisoner who has escaped.