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Respiratory System
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Respiratory System
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What are the primary functions of the respiratory system?
Respiratory System
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Human Respiratory System FUNCTIONS Gas exchange

Regulation of blood pH Voice production
Olfaction
Innate immunity
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Human Respiratory System
Each day, you take about 23,000 breaths, which bring almost 10,000 quarts of air into your lungs.
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What are the main parts of respiratory system?
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nasal cavities (or oral cavity) pharynx larynx trachea bronchi bronchioles alveoli
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warms, moistens, & filters air as it is inhaled
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passageway for air, leads to trachea
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the voice box, where vocal chords are located
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keeps the windpipe "open" trachea is lined with fine hairs called cilia which filter air before it reaches the lungs
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trachea
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two branches at the end of the trachea, each lead to a lung
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a network of smaller branches leading from the bronchi into the lung tissue & ultimately to air sacs
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A rising level of CO2 causes bronchioles to dilate. This lowers the resistance in the airways and thus increases the flow of air in and
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the functional respiratory units in the lung where gases are exchanged
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http://www.niehs.nih.gov/oc/factsheets/ozone/ithurts.htm
alveoli
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Primary muscles of respiration

External intercostal muscles (located between the ribs) Diapragm ( a sheet of muscle located between the thoracic and abdominal activities)
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BREATHING
During inspiration (inhaling), The external intercostal muscles contract, lifting the ribs up and out. The diaphragm contracts, drawing it down .
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BREATHING
During expiration (exhaling), these processes are reversed and the natural elasticity of the lungs returns them to their normal volume. At rest, we breath 1518 times a minute exchanging about 500 ml of air.
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BREATHING
In more vigorous expiration, The internal intercostal muscles draw the ribs down and inward The wall of the abdomen contracts pushing the stomach and liver upward.
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Lungs expand and contract in response to changes in pressure inside the chest cavity.
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Human Respiratory System Inspired Air

This contains approx: 79% nitrogen 20% O2 0.04% CO2 Water vapour/Trace Gases
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Human Respiratory System Expired Air

This contains approx: 79% nitrogen 16% O2 4% CO2 Water vapour/Trace Gases
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Controls automatic breathing Consists of interacting neurons that fire either during inspiration (I neurons) or expiration (E neurons)
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What are the possible disease that may occur in respiratory system?
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SOME COMMON DISEASE OF THE LUNGS
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an infection of the alveoli. caused by many kinds of both bacteria and viruses. causes fever and inflammation of lung tissue
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the passages that enable air to pass into and out of the lungs periodically narrow, causing coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath.
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the passages that enable air to pass into and out of the lungs periodically narrow, causing coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. Often triggered by irritants in the air such as cigarette smoke
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an enlargement of air spaces
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caused by destruction of alveolar walls. reducing the gasexchange area of the lungs.
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Main cause is smoking
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normal
emphysema
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the air passages become clogged with mucus , and this leads to a persistent cough. Any irritant reaching the bronchi and bronchioles will stimulate an increased secretion of mucus.
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usually associated cigarette smoking
with
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It is known as the constellation of asthma, emphysema, and chronic bronchitis exhibit symptoms such as shortness of breath, chronic cough and chronic
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can be hereditary 80-90 percent of COPD cases are caused by smoking.
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More people die from lung cancer than from any other type of cancer.
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Caused by an abnormal growth of cells in the lungs

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More people die from lung cancer than from any other type of cancer.
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Respiratory System

What are the primary functions of the respiratory system?

Human Respiratory System FUNCTIONS Gas exchange

Human Respiratory System

What are the main parts of respiratory system?

Human Respiratory System

warms, moistens, & filters air as it is inhaled

passageway for air, leads to trachea

the voice box, where vocal chords are located

two branches at the end of the trachea, each lead to a lung

Human Respiratory System

Human Respiratory System

Primary muscles of respiration

Human Respiratory System

Human Respiratory System

Human Respiratory System

Human Respiratory System

Human Respiratory System

Human Respiratory System Inspired Air

Human Respiratory System Expired Air

Human Respiratory System

SOME COMMON DISEASE OF THE LUNGS

SOME COMMON DISEASE OF THE LUNGS

SOME COMMON DISEASE OF THE LUNGS

SOME COMMON DISEASE OF THE LUNGS

SOME COMMON DISEASE OF THE LUNGS

an enlargement of air spaces

SOME COMMON DISEASE OF THE LUNGS

SOME COMMON DISEASE OF THE LUNGS

Main cause is smoking

SOME COMMON DISEASE OF THE LUNGS

SOME COMMON DISEASE OF THE LUNGS

usually associated cigarette smoking

SOME COMMON DISEASE OF THE LUNGS

SOME COMMON DISEASE OF THE LUNGS

can be hereditary 80-90 percent of COPD cases are caused by smoking.

SOME COMMON DISEASE OF THE LUNGS

SOME COMMON DISEASE OF THE LUNGS

Caused by an abnormal growth of cells in the lungs

SOME COMMON DISEASE OF THE LUNGS

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