PRESENTATION ON

VoIP

Sanjeet Singh
Navneet Pandey
1 13/10/2007
 An introduction to the basics of
Voice over Internet Protocol

2 13/10/2007
 INTRODUCTION

You may have heard of VoIP—that it’s the future of

telephone service and
-That you can save a lot of money using it.

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 But what exactly it is??

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  Very simply, VoIP, or Voice over Internet Protocol, is the
technology that allows us to have phone service over the
Internet.
 VoIP may be a new term for you, but the technology isn’t
new.
 The telephone companies, who use what is referred to as
the public switched telephone network (PSTN), have
been employing VoIP technology for years.

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  Voice-over-IP is a term/technology used in IP
telephony for a facilities that manages the delivery of
voice information using the Internet Protocol.
 In general, this means sending voice information in
digital packets rather than in the traditional circuit-
committed protocols of PSTN.
 Yet today, VoIP is becoming a viable solution for
mainstream consumers—both businesses and
individuals.

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 IP TELEPHONY OVERVIEW

 Scalable, Flexible & Reliable

 – Server-based (cluster) Technology
 • Combines Voice, Data & Video
 – Utilizes LAN/WAN Infrastructure
 – Ethernet IP Phones
 • Cheaper to Install and Manage
 • Significant Reduction of Public Telephone
 Network Usage.

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 IP Telephony Overview

IP Technology PBX Technology

 Ethernet Backbone Dedicated Wiring Required

 - CAT5 Connectivity -
 Windows-based Servers
 - Clustered Environment
 Software Applications (XML)
- Dedicated Copper
Infrastructure
Proprietary Architecture
- Single Points of Failure

 LAN/WAN voice, video Tie Line or PSTN

Connectivity
 Centralized Management System Management (MAC)

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 So why would you want it?
 The most obvious answer is to save money.
 VoIP acts as a bridge between your Internet
connection and the PSTN.
 Allowing you to have phone service without requiring
an account with the phone company.
 That, coupled with VoIP’s unique pricing model,
means that users can often cut their long-distance
calling expenses dramatically.

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 Contd…

1. Strategic business improvements

 More efficient operations
 New features and capabilities

2. Cost savings
 Long distance toll savings
 Converged network and lower maintenance

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 HOW DOES VOIP WORKS??

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 VoIP

 VoIP works by taking analog signals and converting

them to digital data that can be sent over a network
—the Internet in most cases, also any private
network.
 It requires that you have a broadband network
connection, the necessary items to create that
broadband connection—
 a broadband modem, your computer, a router, etc.—
and a device to convert the data.

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 WAYS TO TALK ON VoIP!!

Through a web interface:

 That allows you to make calls from your computer
(assuming you have a sound card).
 And using a VoIP phone or headset (devices that
allow you to bypass your computer entirely and link
directly to your Internet connection).

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 VOIP STRUCTURE

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 PROTOCOLS

 Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)

 Megaco(H.248)
 Skinny Client Control Protocol
 MIME
 Skype

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 SIP

 SIP is the peer-to-peer protocols for IP networks

 The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is an
application-layer control (signaling) protocol for
creating, modifying, and terminating sessions with
one or more participants.

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 Megaco

Media Gateway Control Protocol

• This protocol creates a general framework
suitable for gateways, multipoint control units and
interactive voice response units (IVRs).

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 Skinny Client Control Protocol

The skinny client (i.e. an Ethernet Phone) uses

TCP/IP to transmit and receive calls and RTP/UDP/IP
to/from a Skinny Client or H.323 terminal for audio.
Skinny messages are carried above TCP and use
port 2000.

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 MIME

This set of standards, collectively called the

Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions, or MIME,
redefine the format of messages to allow for textual
message bodies in character sets other than US-ASCII,
an extensible set of different formats for non-textual
message bodies, multi-part message bodies, and
textual header information in character sets other than
US-ASCII

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 Skype

Skype is a software program created by the

entrepreneurs Niklas Zennström and Janus Friis.
Skype allows users to make telephone calls from
their computer to other Skype users free of charge,
or to landlines and cell phones for a fee

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 SIP FEATURES

– SIP is an application-layer control (signalling)

protocol for creating, modifying and terminating
sessions with one or more participants.

– Sessions include Internet Multimedia,

conferences, Internet Telephone calls and
Multimedia distribution.

– Provides toolkit (methods, headers) from which

features can be assembled
21 13/10/2007
 Contd…

Message Waiting Indication about to be

published
Call transfer, history information (for call
diversion), presence, instant messaging under
study.

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 Is VoIP secure?

 VoIP is actually more secure than traditional PSTN

calls, but because it uses the Internet to transfer
data.
- It faces the same kind of security issues as
other Internet applications. In other words,
you need to take the same security precautions with
your VoIP system that you’d take to protect your
network.

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 Where are we Today?

 Over Thousands IP Phones Deployed

 – US, NY / NJ metropolitan area, Atlanta, Dallas, Los
Angeles metropolitan area
 – Europe:
 Amsterdam, London, Ireland, Paris, Budapest
 Recognition
 – Cisco
 • Awarded Cisco’s 4 millionth IP Phone
 • Cisco Reference Video
 – Computer World Article

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 IP Telephony – Industry Leaders

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 CONCLUSIONS

– Evolution of the voice network is important to

many enterprises
– Traditional and IP networks will continue to co-
exist in the enterprise
– Exploitation of new services and applications in IP
network
– But needs to be complemented by extending
existing services to IP and mixed environments

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