INTERVIEW/SURVEY

Click to edit Master subtitle style Pat Ray M Dagapioso

4/21/12

Survey

4/21/12

What is a survey?

This a method of gathering information from a sample of individuals. The sample is just the fraction of individuals.

4/21/12

What is a survey?

Survey can take into many forms, through telephones, mails, e-mails, or in person.

4/21/12

What is a survey?

What kind of information a survey can study?

Attittudes Beliefs Characteristics Traits Knowledge Behavior

4/21/12

What is a survey?

Aspects:

1. The sample is scientifically chosen. 2. Information is collected by the means of standardized procedures. 3. Each respondent is asked the same questions.

4/21/12

Sample size depends on the statistical quality needed for the survey findings. This though depends on:

How Large Must the Sample Size be?

A. Profession resources, and the B. Financial Resources of the Study

4/21/12

Survey Methods

Dimensions of Survey method:

1. Size and type of sample A. Human or non-human populations B. Survey on general population of an area or special population groups C. National, Regional, Provincial/State samples 2. Method of Data Collection A. Mail, B. Telephone interview C. In-person interview surveys D. Medical Records E. TV Ratings survey through devices attached to TVs to record channels being watched

4/21/12

Survey: Advantages

Access to wide participants Potentially large amounts of data More ethical

4/21/12

Survey: Disadvantages

Lack of control Data may be superficial Maybe costly

4/21/12

Interview

4/21/12

What is an interview?

4/21/12

Interviewing is one of the most common methods for collecting data in qualitative research. Interviews allow participants to provide rich, contextual descriptions of events. The process of interviewing is timeconsuming, and the quality of data often

What is an interview?

The process of interviewing is timeconsuming, and the quality of data often is dependent on the aptitude of the interviewer.

4/21/12

What is an Interview?

An interview is a method of asking quantitative or qualitative questions orally of key participants. Quantitative questions are closed-ended, and have specific answers to choose among that can be categorized and numerically analyzed.
4/21/12

What is an Interview?

Qualitative questions are open-ended, that is, the respondent provides a response in his or her own words.

4/21/12

Aspects of the Interview

1. Interviews are completed by the interviewer based on what the respondents say. 2. Are far more personal. 3. In personal interviews, the interviewer works closely with the respondent. 4. The interviewer has the opportunity to 4/21/12

Aspects of the Interview

5. Interviews are easier for respondents if what are sought in research are opinions. 6. They are time-consuming. 7. For a good research output, the researcher/interviewer must be adequately trained.
4/21/12

Types of Interviews

1. Informal/conversational

There is no predetermined questions asked. More adaptable, goes to the flow.

2. General interview guide approach

This approach ensures that general areas of information are collected. Provides more focus than informal approach, yet still has some freedom in getting the information. 4/21/12

3. Standardized, open-ended interview

The same open-ended questions are asked to all interviewees. Gives more faster interviews, that can be more analyzed and compared.

4. Closed, fixed-response interview

All interviewees are asked the same questions and asked to choose answers from among the set of alternatives. 4/21/12

Preparation for an Interview

Choose an appropriate setting Explain the purpose of the interview Address the term of confidentiality Explain the format of the interview Indicate the length of the interview Provide contact information of the interviewer Allow interviewee to clarify any doubts about the interview Prepare a method for recording data, e.g, notes, recorder
4/21/12

Interview Proper
Occasionally verify the tape recorder if its working Ask one question at a time Attempt to remain neutral as much as possible Encourage responses Provide transition of topics in the interview 4/21/12

Interview: Advantages

Useful for gaining insight and context into a topic. Allows the respondent to describe what is important to her or him. Useful for gathering quotes and stories.
4/21/12

Interview: Disadvantages

Susceptible to interview bias. Time consuming and expensive compared to other data collection methods May seem intrusive to the respondent.
4/21/12

Interview Surveys

4/21/12

What is an Interview Survey?

Interview surveys can be done through face-to-face or by the telephone.

4/21/12

A Good Interview Survey

How to determine a good interview survey?

Must have a good interviewer A good interviewer has the ability to approach strangers in person and persuade them to participate in the survey. Interviewers must be carefully trained for the task (can be in the classroom or self-taught) 4/21/12

1. Time must be spent going over survey concepts, definitions and procedures. 2. The approach must be questionby-question, so that the interviewers can deal with any misunderstanding with each questions.
4/21/12

Things to Remember in Interview Survey

3. The survey must be kept confidential. 4. An advance letter must be sent to the sample respondents explaining the purpose of the survey. 5. Visits to the respondents must be scheduled and be confirmed.
4/21/12

Things to Remember in Interview Survey

The Survey Process

The Survey Process involves 6 Different Stages. Stages Description

Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Stage 5 Stage 6 4/21/12 Planning and Development of a Survey Pretest Final Survey Design and Planning Implementation of Survey and Data Collection Data Coding and Data-File Construction Research and Analysis of the Data

The Survey Process

1. Stage 1 Planning and Development of Survey

Collect background data for planning survey design Prepare questionnaire outline Plan Preliminary operations

4/21/12

The Survey Process

1. Stage 2 Pretest

Select pretest sample Prepare pretest questionnaires Pretest

4/21/12

The Survey Process

1. Stage 3 final Survey Design and Planning

Develop Sampling Plan Revise the questionnaire Revise Survey plan

4/21/12

The Survey Process

1. Stage 4 Implementation of Survey and Data Collection

Select Sample Prepare the final questionnaire Collect Data

4/21/12

The Survey Process

1. Stage 5 Data Coding and DataFile Construction

Edit, Code, Enter the Data Check Data quality: Verification, Validation

4/21/12

The Survey Process

1. Stage 6 Researhc and Analysis of Data

Analyze Data Draft Report Prepare Final Report

4/21/12

The End!!! Thank you.

4/21/12