1.

2.

1946.2.15:

6.1

A/D

A/D

2PC

6.2

PC
DSP
PLC

1
2I/O
3
4
5

9
3600
4100
12.96MB

512MB
256MB

6.3
6.3.1
1.
CISC:Intel8051MotorolaM68HC
ArmelAT89WinbondW78Philips
P80C51
RISC:TIMSP430ARM
MicrochipPICZilogZ86Atmel
AT90SKS57C4EM78
EPROM
OTPQTP3

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.PCA
6.A/D
7.DMA
8.

ROM

1.ROM
2.EPROM
3.ROM
4.ROMOTP
5.FLASH

1.IntelMCS-5MCS-96
2.Motorola68HCXX
3.AtmelAT89C80C31
4.PhilipsP87P898051
5.Microchip
6.Zilog
7.Texas
8.Siemens

51

8051

Atmel

AT89C51/52/54/58AT89551/52/54/58AT89LS51/52/54/58
AT89C55WDAT89LV51/52/54/58AT89C105l/2051/405l
AT89C51RCAT89S53/LS53AT89S8252/LS8252

Philips

P8031/32P80C5i/52/54/58P89C51/52/54/58
P87C51/52/54/58P87C552P89C51RX2P89C52RX2
P87LPC7XXP89C9XX

Winbond

78E51B78E52B78E54B78E58B78E516B77E5277E58

Analog Devices

ADuC812ADuC824ADuC814ADuC816

Dallas

DS80C310/320/390DS87C520/530/550

 PCI
68
96

MSP430
ARM
MC16

Micro-controller unit,MCU)

RS232C

ROM
OTPEPROMFLASH
I/OADC

2. DSP

DSPDigital Signal Processing

DSP

DSP
,,,
DSP,

1.

2.

3.RAM

4.

5.I/O
6.

7.
8.

TIAD
TechnologicsMotorola

DSP

TIDSP
TMS320C2000TMS320C2X/C2XX
TMS320C5000TMS320C5X/C54X/C55X
TMS320C6000TMS320C62X/C67X

DSP :

1.:
2.DSP

3.
4.
5.
6.

DSP
20DSP

DSP

1.---

2.---

3.---

4./---

5.---

6.---

7.---

8.---

9.---
/

3.

TXD

RXD

1 GND

RXD

TXD

GND 2

ADC836

98S51

P2.3

INT0

SPI

P3.3
P3.4
P3.5

A0 L
~
A10L

A0L
~
A10L

DB

IO0L
~
IO10L

IO0L
~
IO10L

DB

CB

CEL
BUSYL
R/WL
OEL

CEL
BUSYL
R/WL
OEL

CB

AB

AB

a)

2
3
1

b)

6.3.2
1

A/D

A/D

A/D

A/D

2A/D

A
B

A/D

C
A
B
C

A/D

6.3.2

DSP
CC

DSP

C
C

6.4

Virtual Instrumentation-Computer Based Instruments

6.4.1
Virtual Instrumentation

Fully Programmable System

VXI Chassis
GUI

IEEE 488 Rack and Stack System

Analog Instrumentation

DAQ Boards
with RTSI


MPU

I/O

A/D

D/A

ROM

ROM

INTERNET

ISA/PCI

RS232/485

USB

GPIB/
VXI/PXI


National
Instrument19861981
Apple II

Personal Instrument

1986NI
LabVIEW

VI

( VI - Virtual Instrumentation )

DAQ

GPIB

VXI

I/O

RS232

VI

= A/D + CPU+

The Software Is Instruments

6.4.2

VXI

.Bridg e VIEW
.Locko ut
.Conmp onent
work

PLC

GPIB

GPIB

DAQ

.Lab V IEW(VEE)
.Lab W indows/CVI
.Compo nent Works HiQ
.Virtu al Bench IV I

DSP

.Visua l C++
.Visua l Basic
.C++ B uilder
.Delph i

PC/

DAQ

GPIB

RS232/RS485

VXI

PXI

USB

IEEE1394

6.4.3

DOS,
Windows2000/9x/NT
I/0
1.5 Mbytes/s
IEEE488.1)
7.7 Mbytes/s

(HS488)
133x107 mm

NIPCI-GPIB

GPIB

24GPIBcable

NIDAQVXI

PXI

PXI Modules Link to Other Standards

MXI-3
Stand-alone
Instrument

PXI System

GPIB

VXI or VME

MXI

CompactPCI
Modules

Modules

bus

6.4.4

LabVIEW

OLE DLL

SQC

SPC

IEEE488.
2
GPIB

VXI/VISA

VXI/PXI

DAQ

IMAG

I/O

DAQ

IMAG


LabVIEW
NINational Instrument

LabScene

LabWindowsVEE


G
(Node)
(Wire)

(CIN)VI(SubVI)

LabVIEWLabWindows/CVI

www.pansino.com.cn
ni.com/china

6.4.5

LabStar

6.5

6.5.1

1
2
3

1 2 3

y n 1 , y n 2 , y n 1

yn

a, yn yn
yn | yn yn 1 |
a, yn yn 1yn 2 yn 1 yn 2

a
yVmax
T a = Vmax T

a.
VmaxT

nn

n=2k+1
xiNi=12N
N>>n
:
med[xi]=x(k) 2k+1
k

XiVi3
Xi


1NX1XN
1 N
X
Xi

N i 1

2Vi
3

Vi X i X
N

( V ) /( N 1)
i 1

2
i

4Vi3Xi

LLL2345
L3L3

110

23

A/D

N
1 N

X
X
N

Xi Si n i

i 1

Sini

1 N
1 N
1 N
X (si n i ) si n i
N i 1
N i 1
N i 1

1 N
X Si
N i 1

NN

N
N

NN

N 1

1
X n Ci X n i
N i 0
C0 C1 C N 1 1
C0 C1 C N 1 0

N
N2


N2
24
816N
4610
18

6.5.2 ()

-----

-------------------N0
Vr-----------Nr
N0Nr
VxNx:

Vr
V x Nr No ( N x No )

X0
VrX1X0
X1.

Vr

y = f(x)

/T

R T R 25 Ce

f (T )

RTT

z T F( N / k ) / ln[ N /(k R 25C )]

050
1.4410-64016K

n + 1(x0,
y0)(x1, y1)(xn, yn)x[ab]
f(x)n

Pn ( x ) a n x a n 1x
n

n 1

a 1x a 0

f(x)Pn(x)xi

Pn ( x i ) f ( x i ) yi

i 0, 1, , n

(1).

x x1
x x0
P1 ( x )
y0
y1 a1x a 0
x 0 x1
x1 x 0

y1 y0
a1
, a0 y0 a1 x0
x1 x0

(2)
x0, y0 x1, y1
x2, y2

( x x1 )(x x2 )
( x x0 )(x x2 )
( x x0 )(x x1 )
P2 ( x)
y0
y1
y2
( x0 x1 )(x0 x2 )
( x1 x0 )(x1 x2 )
( x2 x0 )(x2 x1 )
y
y2
y1

PX

fx

y0
x0

x1

x2

3.

xi, yi,
y= f ( x )x
y
y=
f ( x )xi,
yiy= f ( x )


xy
x

y a 0 a 1x a m x

nxiyii =12n
n

y1 (a 0 a1x1 a m x1 ) V1
m

y 2 (a 0 a1x 2 a m x 2 ) V2
m

y n (a 0 a1x n a m x n ) Vn
m

6.5.3

0-100N0--10mV
0--5VA/D00H--FFH
8ADC


A0Am
A0N0AmNmAx
NxAx

A x A 0 (A m A 0 )( N x N 0 ) /( N m N 0 )

8ADC

10100

28H A0=10
Am=100Nm=FFH=255N0=0,Nx=28H=40

Ax ( N x / N m )( Am A0 ) A0
(40 / 255)(100 10) 10 24.1 C

G K P
G x [( N x N 0 ) /( N m N 0 )](G m G 0 ) G 0