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GOVT. CO.ED.

SENIOR
SECONDARY SCHOOL,NTC
HIGH BRANCH

RAJPURA
ECLIPES
DEVELOPED BY
 GURDEEP SINGH
 AMARJEET SINGH
DEFINATION OF ECLIPSE
 Eclipse, in astronomy, the obscuring of
one celestial body by another, particularly
that of the sun or a planetary satellite. Two
kinds of eclipses involve the earth: those
of the moon, or lunar eclipses; and those
of the sun, or solar eclipses .
TYPES OF ECLIPSE
 LUNAR ECLIPSE
 SOLAR ECLIPSE
SHORT DESCRIPTION OF
ECLIPSE
A lunar eclipse occurs when the earth is
between the sun and the moon and its
shadow darkens the moon. A solar eclipse
occurs when the moon is between the sun
and the earth and its shadow moves
across the face of the earth. Transits and
occultations are similar astronomical
phenomena but are not as spectacular as
eclipses because of the small size of
these bodies as seen from earth .
LUNAR ECLIPSE
TOTAL AND PARTIAL LUNAR
ECLIPSE
A total lunar eclipse occurs when the moon
passes completely into the umbra. If it moves
directly through the center, it is obscured for
about 2 hours. If it does not pass through the
center, the period of totality is less and may last
for only an instant if the moon travels through
the very edge of the umbra.
 A partial lunar eclipse occurs when only a part of
the moon enters the umbra and is obscured.
SOLAR ECLIPSE
 Total solar eclipses occur when the moon’s
umbra reaches the earth. The diameter of the
umbra is never greater than 268.7 km (167 mi)
where it touches the surface of the earth, so that
the area in which a total solar eclipse is visible is
never wider than that and is usually considerably
narrower. The width of the penumbra shadow, or
the area of partial eclipse on the surface of the
earth, is about 4828 km (about 3000 mi).
FREQUENCY OF ECLIPSES

 Ifthe earth’s orbit, or the ecliptic, were in the


same plane as the moon’s orbit, two total
eclipses would occur during each lunar month, a
lunar eclipse at the time of each full moon, and a
solar eclipse at the time of each new moon. The
two orbits, however, are inclined, and, as a
result, eclipses occur only when the moon or the
sun is within a few degrees of the two points,
called the nodes, where the orbits intersect.
ESTIMATION OF ECLIPSES
 The next total eclipse will be visible from the
U.S. in 2017.
 During the 20th century 375 eclipses took place:
228 solar and 147 lunar. The last total eclipse of
the sun visible in the United States occurred
over the state of Hawaii on July 11, 1991. The
prior such eclipse occurred over the state of
Washington on February 26, 1979. The next
total eclipse will be visible from the U.S. in 2017.
OBSERVATION OF ECLIPSES
 Total Solar Eclipse During a solar eclipse, the
moon moves between the sun and the earth.
The light from the outer part of the sun’s
atmosphere, called the corona, became visible
during a total solar eclipse on July 11, 1991, in
La Paz, Baja California, Mexico. The moon’s
shadow on earth appeared only as a thin band
not more than 269 km (167 mi) wide.

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