Chester Alan Ricardo

DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

Mary Mae Sedaria

Definition

Also known as domestic abuse, spousal abuse, battering, family violence, and intimate partner violence (IPV)

 Domestic

violence and emotional abuse are behaviors used by one person in a relationship to control the other. Partners may be married or not married; heterosexual, gay, or lesbian; living together, separated or dating.

ANYONE
Victims

CAN BE A VICTIM!

can be of any age, sex, race, culture, religion, education, employment or marital status.

Types of Domestic Violence

1.

Physical abuse
Is abuse involving contact intended to cause feelings of intimidation,

Includes the following:

pushing, throwing, kicking slapping, grabbing, hitting, punching, beating, tripping, battering, bruising, choking, shaking pinching, biting holding, restraining, confinement breaking bones assault with a weapon such as a knife or gun burning murder

Signs and Symptoms

Unexplained recurrent injuries or burns Improbable excuses or refusal to explain injuries Wearing clothes to cover injuries, even in hot weather Refusal to undress for gym

Bald patches
Chronic running away

Fear of medical help or examination Self-destructive tendencies Aggression towards others Fear of physical contact - shrinking back if touched Admitting that they are punished, but the punishment is excessive (such as a child being beaten every night to 'make him study')

Sexual Abuse

Sexual violence is defined by World Health Organization as: Any sexual act, attempt to obtain a sexual act, unwanted sexual comments or advances, or acts to traffic, or otherwise directed, against a persons sexuality using coercion, by any person regardless of their relationship to the victim, in any setting, including but not limited to home and work.

xamples:

Unwanted touching Demeaning remarks about the partners body or appearance

Minimization of the partners sexual needs

Berating the partner about his sexual history Demeaning remarks about the partner being too femme or butch Forcing sex or sexual actions on the partner

Using force or roughness that is not consensual, including forced sex (rape) Rape with an object Refusing to comply with the partners request for safe sex Coercing the partner into sex with others Purposefully and repeatedly crossing the partners sexual boundaries

Violating an agreement for monogamy by having sex with others Exposing the partner to sexually transmitted diseases

Treating the partner as a sex object

Criticizing sexual performance or desirability Withholding sex as a punishment Unwanted sadistic sexual acts

Signs and Symptoms

Physical signs: Genital or anal lacerations, bleeding or other trauma. Genital or peri-anal inflammation or irritation. Persistent or recurrent vaginal discharge. Sexually transmitted disease, including peri-anal or genital warts.

Pregnancy.
Medical problems such as:

Emotional abuse is any use of words, voice, action or lack of action meant to control, hurt or demean another person. Emotional abuse typically includes ridicule, intimidation or coercion. Verbal abuse usually is

Emotional/Psychological Abuse

Behaviors include:
Verbal

threats

Demeaning

the partner in front of friends, family or strangers and use of abusive

language

Name-calling

Constant

criticism or humiliation

Causes
a. b. c. d.

Substance Abuse
Untreated Mental Illness Stress Inappropriate Expectations of Parenting Skills

e. Absence

Signs and symptoms

Feeling of depression Withdrawal from social interaction Isolation from friends and family Low self-esteem Fearfulness Increased anxiety Guilty feeling Feeling of shame

Neglect
a

passive form of abuse in which a perpetrator is responsible to provide care for a victim who is unable to care for himself or herself, but fails to provide adequate care.

Signs and Symptoms

Constant hunger Poor personal hygiene Constant tiredness Poor state of clothing

Emaciation
Untreated medical problems No social relationships Compulsive scavenging Destructive tendencies

Financial Abuse
is

the use or misuse, without the partners freely given consent, of the financial or other monetary resources of the partner or of the partnership.

Common examples of financial abuse include: Forbidding the partner to work

Jeopardizing the partners employment by such tactics as excessive calls to work; creating conflict with co-workers, supervisor or clients; creating scenes with co-workers; forcing the partner to miss work through threats, injuries or coerced substance use
Refusing to work, yet contributing to expenses Controlling shared resources, including bank accounts and common property Demanding the partner sign over paychecks or denying access to liquid assets, like mutual funds

Coercing the partner to pay for all expenses, including rent, food and utilities

Stealing the partners property, such as valuables or assets

Destroying or threatening to destroy the partners property as a means of affecting his financial situation Using the partners identity to charge expenditures to partner Taking credit cards, money or checkbook

Identity Abuse
Identity

abuse is using personal characteristics to demean, manipulate and control the partner. Some of these tactics overlap with other forms of abuse, particularly emotional abuse. This category is comprised of the social isms, including racism, sexism, ageism, able-ism, beautyism, as well as homophobia

Examples

Outing or threatening to out the partner to such people as family, boss, or neighbors Using the partners own homophobia to demean him or make him fearful Asserting that the partner will never have another relationship because he is too ugly or too old Using racial epithets and negative stereotypes Exploiting the partners internalized racism Accusing the partner of being racist Ridiculing the partners physical challenges or exploiting them

Nursing Intervention
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Stay calm and be reassuring. Find a quite place to talk.

Believe in what you are being told.

Do not interrogate Listen but do not press for information Say that you would do the best to protect and support the child. If your child has told anyone , contact them. Their advice could help your child.

7.

Program

Domestic

Violence Prevention Enhancement and Leadership Through Alliances (DELTA)

CDC

Program Concepts:

Primary prevention is the cornerstone of the DELTA Program. Prevention strategies are guided by a set of principles including: Preventing first-time perpetration and first-time victimization; Reducing risk factors associated with IPV; Promoting protective factors that reduce the likelihood of IPV; Implementing evidence-supported strategies that incorporate behavior and social change theories; and

Study:

WHO report finds domestic violence is widespread and has serious impact on health

24 NOVEMBER 2005 | Geneva/London - The first-ever World Health Organization (WHO) study on domestic violence reveals that intimate partner violence is the most common form of violence in womens lives
The study finds that one quarter to one half of all women who had been physically assaulted by their partners said that they had suffered physical injuries as a direct result. The abused women were also twice as likely as nonabused women to have poor health and physical and mental problems, even if the violence occurred years before. This includes suicidal thoughts and attempts,

Videos:

Thank You

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3s2hu9Zon4s&feature =related