THE FLAG OF UN

The UNO General Assembly adopted the UNO flag on October 20, 1947. The white UNO emblem is superimposed on a light blue background. The UNO flag is not to be subordinated to any other flag in the world.

THE FLAG OF UN

The emblem consists of the global map projected from the North Pole and embraced in twin olive branches (symbol of peace). The colour blue also stands for Peace.

THE HISTORY OF UN
Formed towards the end of the II World War (1939-1945) Failure of the League of Nations Initiatives of Franklin Roosevelt (USA) and Winston Churchill (UK). To fight against the Axis powers (JIG) Formed Allied powers (ABCFR) Signed Pact in Washington on 01/01/1942 by 26 countries.

1. Aftermath of the war. 2. Strong need to ensure world peace and to prevent any more destructive wars in the future. 3. Need to involve more countries in Post war union of the countries

IMMEDIATE EVENTS LED TO THE FORMATION OF THE UN

FORMATION OF UNO
Conference of the representatives of 46 countries in San Francisco (USA). Formed UN CHARTER/LAW 26/06/1945, 6 more countries signed the Charter. 1945 October 24th The UN CHARTER came into existence.

The founding members of the UN are 51, India is also a founding member. The allied powers became the Permanent members in the Un Security Council.

UN IS ALSO KNOWN AS The Custodian of Peace The Mirror of the World Parliament of Nations

Aims and Objectives of the UNO

To maintain peace and security in the world. To work together to remove poverty, disease and illiteracy. and encourage respect for each others rights of basic freedom. To develop friendly relations among nations. To be a centre to help nations to achieve these common goals.

Membership of the UNO

Admission of Members: New members are admitted to the General assembly on the recommendation of the Security Council and twothird of the members should vote in favor. Members are expelled or suspended in the same manner.

THE MAIN BODIES OF UN

GENERAL ASSEMBLY SECURITY COUNCIL

ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE

TRUSTEESHIP COUNCIL

THE SECRETARIAT

GENERAL ASSEMBLY
It is the common and important body Meets at least once a year Consists of the representatives from all the member states. Each Country will have one vote but can send maximum five representatives. It elects its own President and Vicepresidents every year.

MEMBER STATES OF UNO

There are 192 member states in the UN. Montenegro was the last country to become the UN Member on 28 June 2006. There are also 6 Non-UN Memebrs, such as, Turkish Cyprus, Kosovo, Palestine, Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (S.A.D.R), Taiwan, Vatican City. There are also 3 Observatory countries like Vatican, Taiwan, Palestine.

GENERAL ASSEMBLY

SECURITY COUNCIL
There are 5 permanent Countries (ABCFR) (VETO POWER) A negative vote by a permanent member bars action by the Security Council and is called a veto. Each permanent member enjoys the power were veto. Also 10 non-permanent members elected by the General Assembly for two years. Bosnia and Herzegovia, Brazil, Gabon, Mexico, Japan, Austria, Lebanon, Turkey, Nigeria,Uganda. The UN Peace Keeping Army is under them. In emergency situation it has the right to use the Military power.

SECURITY COUNCIL
India, Brazil, Germany, Japan must get permanent UN Seats in the Security council: France (The Hindu: Wed>14/07/2010<pg13) The presidency of the Security Council is held for one month in rotation by the member states in the English Alphabetical order of their names.

SECURITY COUNCIL

ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL

There are 54 member in this council. Members are elected for 3 Years. Catering to Statistics, Transportation, information, and communication,Social situation, Population, Human rights, etc.. World Trade Organization is under them.

ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL

TRUSTEESHIP COUNCIL
It tries to look after the countries which do not own a government. Today this body is no more existing. End of colonialism With the independence of Palau, formerly part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, in 1994, there presently are no trust territories, leaving the Trusteeship Council without responsibilities.

TRUSTEESHIP COUNCIL

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE

The headquarters ICJ is at Hague in Netherlands. Here countries are the petitioners . Though the headquarters is at Hague it can conduct the trail in any country. 15 judges are elected for a term of 9 years from all over the world. The President is Hisashi Owada (Japan)

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE

THE SECRETARIAT
It sees to the daily administration of the UN. The Secretary General is the Head of the UN. The Secretary General is elected for a period of 5 years and cn be re-elected again. He is helped by 8900 officials. The Secretary General is Ban Ki-moon (S. Korea)

THE SECRETARIAT

THE PRESENT SECRETARY GENERAL

BAN KI-MOON ELECTED IN 2007 FROM SOUTH KOREA

THE OTHER SECRETARY GENERALS ARE

KOFI ANNAN 1997-2007 FROM GHANA

THE OTHER SECRETARY GENERALS ARE

BOUTROS GHALI 1992-1996 FROM EGYPT

THE OTHER SECRETARY GENERALS ARE

JAVIER PEREZ DE CUELLAR 1982-1991 FROM PERU

THE OTHER SECRETARY GENERALS ARE

KURT WALDHEIM 1972-1981 FROM AUSTRIA

THE OTHER SECRETARY GENERALS ARE

U THANT 1962-1971 FROM BURMA

THE OTHER SECRETARY GENERALS ARE

DAG HAMMERSKJOLD 1953-1961 FROM SWEEDEN

THE OTHER SECRETARY GENERALS ARE

TRYGVE HALVDAN LIE 1946-1953 FROM NORWAY

ACHIEVEMENTS OF UNO
Could save from dangerous situations Keeps focus on Poor Afro-Asian countries. Could Sensitize the world on various issues, Nuclear disarmament, climatic change, economic developments Praiseworthy functions of other branches of UN such as UNICEF, WHO, WTO, etc.

FAILURES OF UNO
There have been nearly 600 regional conflicts since 1945. Could not stop fully the Nuclear Arm rage Wide disparity between Developed and developing nations. Improper use of Veto power by the Permanent members. Could not prevent Gulf wars of 1990s, Iraq and Afghanistan wars, Korean Wars, Vietnam war, etc. Terrorism a major hurdle.

INDIA IN THE UN
India non-permanent member of the Security Council during the following years: 1950 1951 1967 1968 India was 6 times the member in the UN SECURITY COUNCIL 1972 1973 1977 1978 1984 1985 1991 1992 2011-

INDIA IN THE UN

CONTD..

India was among the founding members of the United Nations that signed the Declaration by United Nations at Washington on 1 January 1942 and also participated in the historic UN Conference of International Organization at San Francisco from 25 April to 26 June 1945. 1953: Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit became the first woman President of the United Nations General Assembly and in 1979 she was appointed the Indian representative to the UN Human Rights Commission. 23 January 1957 : To date, V. K Krishna Menons (led the Indian delegation(1952 - 1962) to the United Nations) speech is the longest ever delivered in the United Nations Security Council. (8hrs )

INDIA IN THE UN

CONTD..

23/10/ 1966: M.S Subbalakshmi presented her concerts at Carnegie Hall, New York; in UN General Assembly on the occasion of UN day celebrations . 1977 : A. B Vajpayee became the first person to deliver a speech to the United Nations General Assembly in Hindi, the "most unforgettable" moment in his life by his own admission. April 18, 1989 :Justice R. S. Pathak, Chief Justice of India, was elected Judge of the ICJ. He became the third Indian on whom this honour has been bestowed. The other two were Justice B.N. Rao and Justice Nagendra Singh.

INDIA IN THE UN

CONTD..

January 2001: Shashi Tharoor previously served as the United Nations Under-Secretary General for Communications and Public Information and was a candidate in the elections to the Secretary Genral of UN. June 16, 2004: Nirupam Sen was appointed as Permanent Representative To UN. 1 January 2007: United Nations Secretary-General Ban Kimoon announced the appointment of Vijay Nambiar of India as his Chief of Staff. He had been serving as Special Adviser to Secretary-General Kofi Annan at the rank of Under-Secretary-General. 16 April, 2009: Hardeep Singh Puri succeeded Nirupam Sen as India's New Permanent Representative To UN.

THE STAMPS ON UNO