HNC NAUTICAL SCIENCE

Group Award Code: G8F5 15

Unit Code: F0LD 34 Ship Stability Outcome 1 - Hydrostatics

1.1 Volume, Mass and Density

Aims
To give the student an understanding of: Calculations involving Mass, Volume. and Density.

Objectives
The Student will be able to:

calculate Volume, Density, Relative Density and Mass (Weight); define Density and Relative Density.

Length, Breadth, Depth

Length (L), Breadth (B), and Depth (D) are generally measured in Metres (m) However the following may also be used: Decimetre (dm) 1/10 m 1 dm = 0.1m 10dm = 1m

Centimetre (cm) 1/100 m100cm = 1m 1 cm = 0.01m Millimetre (mm) 1/1000 m 1 mm = 0.001m 1000mm = 1m

Area

Area is the length and breadth of a body multiplied together.

L (m) x

B (m) = A (m2)
L (m)

B(m)

Area (m2)

Volume

Volume is the amount of space taken up by an object. It is a bodys Length multiplied by its Breadth multiplied by its Depth.

L (m) x B (m) x D (m) = Volume (m3)

L (m) B (m)

D (m)

Volume (m3)

Mass

Mass is measured in Kilograms (kg) or Tonnes (t). In stability we can treat mass and weight as the same thing: Mass 1t = Weight 1t 1000kg = 1tonne

Density

The mass per unit volume. The weight of 1m3 of material The symbol used is the greek letter rho () Density = Mass (kg or t) Volume (m3)

Density
Fresh water (FW)

Density =

Mass (t) = 1(t ) = 1.000t/m3 Volume (m3) 1(m3)

Density
Fresh water (FW)

Density =

Mass (t) = 1(t ) = 1.000t/m3 Volume (m3) 1(m3) Salt water (SW)

Density =

Mass (t) = 1.025 (t) = 1.025t/m3 Volume (m3) 1 (m3)

Relative Density (R.D.)

The ratio of the density of a substance compared to the density of Fresh Water. Since it is a ratio, it has no units Relative Density = Density of Substance (t/m3) Density of Freshwater (t/m3)

Relative Density (R.D.)

Fresh water (FW)

R.D. FW = Density FW = 1t/m3 Density FW 1t/m3

= 1.000

Relative Density (R.D.)

Fresh water (FW)

R.D. FW = Density FW = 1t/m3 Density FW 1t/m3 Salt water (SW)

= 1.000

R.D. SW = Density SW = 1.025t/m3 = 1.025 Density FW 1.000t/m3

Measurement of Density

Density is measured using a brass hydrometer. Water is collected away from ER outlets. Hydrometer is spun gently to break the surface tension. Instrument is read where the water cuts the brass scale.