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ORF101101 CDMA2000

BTS3612 Hardware System


ISSUE 3.2

Wireless Curriculum Development Section


Objectives

At the end of this presentation, you will be familiar with:

 BTS3612 system, principle and structure.

 Function of all BTS3612 boards.

 Antenna & Feeder system

 Networking configuration
We will discuss…..

Chapter 1: System Overview

Chapter 2: Baseband Subsystem

Chapter 3: RF Subsystem

Chapter 4: Power Supply Subsystem

Chapter 5: Antenna and Feeder Subsystem

Chapter 6: Networking
A Wireless Network
BTS3612 Cabinet & Functional Distribution

Power distribution room

Baseband subrack
BB BB B BBB BB B B B BB B BB BBB B
C C C C C C C C RR C C R RC C CC CC R R
I I P P P P P P DD K K D DP P P P P P D D
M MM M M M M M M M
Fan subrack MM MMM MMMMM M M

Fan box 1 Fan box 2


Power subrack
P P P P P
S S S S S
U U U U U

RF subrack

B B B B B B B B B B B B
H T H T H T H T H T H T
P R P R P R P R P R P R
A M A M A M A M A M A M

RLDU RLDU RLDU


CDU/RLDU subrack

CDU CDU/DFU CDU CDU/DFU CDU CDU/DFU

RF subrack
B B B B B B B B B B B B
H T H T H T H T H T H T
P R P R P R P R P R P R
A M A M A M A M A M A M
Interface Protocol Stack

Abis signaling OML signaling

TCP/IP TCP/IP

IPOA Abis traffic IPOA Command line

AAL5 AAL2 AAL5 TELNET

ATM ATM ATM 802.3 IS-2000.2

Abis signaling Abis traffic OML signaling MMI command Um


BTS3612 indices

Cabinet dimensions 1800mm x 800mm x 650mm


(Top set excluded) (H x W x D)
Power supply -48V DC (-40 - -60V DC)
Operational Temperature: -5°C ~ 50°C
environment Relative humidity: 5% ~ 90%

Power
Site
Consumption ( W Weight ( kg )
Configuration

S(1/1/1) <1500 351
S(2/2/2) <2800 388
S(4/4/4) <5500 500
BTS3612 indices

Duplex
Frequency Transmitting Receiving Channel
Separatio
Band Frequency Frequency Bandwidth
n

460 ~ 470 450 ~ 460


450MHz 10MHz 1.23 MHz
MHz MHz

869 ~ 894 824 ~ 849


800MHz 45MHz 1.23 MHz
MHz MHz

1930 ~ 1990 1850 ~ 1910


1900MHz 80MHz 1.23 MHz
MHz MHz
Let us discuss now…..

Chapter 1: System Overview

Chapter 2: Baseband Subsystem

Chapter 3: RF Subsystem

Chapter 4: Power Supply Subsystem

Chapter 5: Antenna and Feeder Subsystem

Chapter 6: Networking
A Fully Loaded Base band Subrack

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
C C C C C C C C R R C C R R C C C C C C R R
I I P P P P P P D D K K D D P P P P P P D D
M M M M M M M MM M M M M M M M MM M M M M
0 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 2 3 0 1 0 1 8 9 10 11 12 13 4 5
Baseband Functional Diagram
Baseband Subrack

E1 Other functional unit


BSC BCIM BCKM of the system

...
Emergency serial port

Clock bus

Backplane bus

High speed
BCPM data bus BRDM Optical Fiber
BTRM
BCKM
Baseband Subrack

BCKM is categorized in to two main parts, i.e.

 1. Main Processing Unit (MPU)


 Signaling Processing Sub-module (SIG)
 Operation and Maintenance Sub-module (OMU)
 2. Clock Module (CLK)
BCKM
Baseband Subrack

MPU

OMU sub-module accomplishes:


 Resource management  Software downloading
 Equipment management  Active/standby switchover
 Performance monitoring  Board controlling
 Configuration management

SIG sub-module:
 Signaling processing
BCKM
Baseband Subrack

CLK

 CLK provides the clock to the BTS with following features


 Adopts the GPS/GLONASS as an external clock resource
to provide 1PPS (one pulse/second) and GPS.
 Produces PP2S signal.
 Provides 10MHz local secondary
BCKM
Baseband Subrack

Notice:

 When GPS, GLONASS or external synchronous


1PPS Signals are activated, the clock is in the
normal running mode.
 When GPS, GLONASS or external synchronous
1PPS fails, the local clock is in the holdover mode.
Under this state the system can run normally for
more than 8 hours.
BCKM
Baseband Subrack

Active/Standby Running

 When fault occurs in the active BCKM, then the services


will switch over to the standby BCKM under the control
of the related software or automatically. In following
three cases this switching is occurred:
 A. Abnormality in CLK leads to BCKM switchover.
 B. Abnormality in MPU leads to BCKM switchover.
 C. The hardware failure and damage of important devices of
the board lead to BCKM switchover.
BCKM
Baseband Subrack

BCKM Facet

Normal status:
Status (RUN) Indicator: flashes slowly
Alarm (ALM) indicator: OFF
Operation (ACT) indicator: ON

ETH (Ethernet interface). A


user can login BTS3612 for
GPS/GLONASS operation and maintenance
antenna port by telnet.
BCPM
Baseband Subrack

BCPM is the service processing board. It processes


various service data of forward and reverse channels
including coding and decoding of baseband signals and
primary modulation and demodulation of the baseband.

It also processes the high-layer control signals.

12 boards can be plug in at the most.


BCPM
Baseband Subrack

Functional Diagram

CSM

BRDM CLK
High-speed
serial port
MPU
CSM
Backplane bus
processing
CSM module
BCPM
Baseband Subrack

Daisy Chain

The daisy chain is equivalent to the resource pool,


which is divided into intra-board daisy chain and
inter-board daisy chain. The essential of any mode
is that the CSMs (baseband processing chips) form
a resource pool.
BCPM
Baseband Subrack

BCPM Facet

Normal status:
Status (RUN) Indicator: flashes slowly
Alarm (ALM) indicator: OFF
Operation (ACT) indicator: ON
BRDM
Baseband Subrack

The Resource Distribution Board (BRDM) is logically


located between Transceiver Module (BTRM) and
Channel Processing Module (BCPM). It provides the
I&Q modulation. BRDM also supports the daisy
chain within the cascaded channel processing
boards.
BRDM
Baseband Subrack

BRDM Facet

Normal status:
Status (RUN) Indicator: flashes slowly
Alarm (ALM) indicator: OFF
Operation (ACT) indicator: ON Six optical interfaces,
for BTRM connection
BCIM
Baseband Subrack

 In reverse direction, BCIM receives O&M command


from BCKM and traffic data from BCPM, and
transmit ATM cells on the multiple E1 links via IMA.
 In forward direction, it receives ATM cells, which are
distributed on the multiple E1 links from BSC,
multiplexes them into a single ATM cell flow with
IMA techniques and finally sends them to the
corresponding processing boards over the
backplane bus.
 Each BCIM provides 8 E1 links, which can support
at most 4 IMA link sets.
BCIM
Baseband Subrack

IMA Module

E1 L ink 1 1 1 1 1 1
E1 l ink 2 2 Spe cific
E1 l ink 3 3 3 band width
E1 l ink 4 4 4 4

➪E1 in fixed time slot mode

❑IM A ( In ver se Mul tip le xin g on


E1
AT M ) E1 Interface

E1
E1 Interface ATM
Cel l FLOW
1 2 1 3 1 4
Specifi c
E1 Interface

E1 Interface
6 1 1 6 5 1
IMA IMA ba ndwidt h
...

E1 Interface E1 Interface 5 4 3 7 4 7
E1 3 2 7 4 7
E1 Interface E1 Interface 6
BESP
Baseband Subrack

Functional Diagram
BESP
Level- Level-1
2
protection
PGND
4 E1s
8 E1s Level-2 Level-1 Interface BSC
protection DB25
Interface DB37

PGND

BCIM
...

e
Interfac DB25
4 E1s

... BSC

Level-2Level-1
protection
protection

PGND

BESP is a functional entity for BTS3612 to implement lightning protection


within E1 trunk cable.
BCIM
Baseband Subrack

BCIM facet

Normal status:
Status (RUN) Indicator: flashes slowly
Alarm (ALM) indicator: OFF
Operation (ACT) indicator: ON
Let us discuss now…..

Chapter 1: System Overview

Chapter 2: Baseband Subsystem

Chapter 3: RF Subsystem

Chapter 4: Power Supply Subsystem

Chapter 5: Antenna and Feeder Subsystem

Chapter 6: Networking
RF Subsystem
RF Subsystem

B B B B B B B B B B
H T H T H T H T H T
P R P R P R P R P R
A M A M A M A M A M

BBFM
RLDU RLDU RLDU

CDU/ CDU/ CDU/ CDU/ CDU/ CDU/


DFU/ DFU/ DFU/ DFU/ DFU/ DFU/
DDU DDU DDU DDU DDU DDU

B B B B B B B B B B B B
H T H T H T H T H T H T
P R P R P R P R P R P R
A M A M A M A M A M A M
BTRM
RF Subsystem

BTRM accomplishes modulation/demodulation


of baseband signals, analog/digital and
digital/analog (AD/DA) conversion, digital
up/down conversion and radio up/down
conversion.
BTRM
RF Subsystem

Baseband data
BTRM Facet are transmitted or
received via this
interface

Baseband data are


transmitted or received
via this interface
BHPA
RF Subsystem

BHPA is used to amplify the RF


modulated signals received from
BTRM.
CDU
RF Subsystem

 Combines two carrier signals into one, these two signals


are received from the two BHPAs.
 Provides isolation and filtering for the received and
transmitted signals.
 Filters the received signals in order to suppress the out-
band interference.
CDU
RF Subsystem

CDU Structure Diagram

Pr-OUT
Interfaces on
Pf-OUT
Isolator the CDU Panel
TX1 Duplexer
Combiner
TX2 TX/RXM-ANT
Isolator
Directional
coupler
RXM-OUT TX-Test
Interfaces to the Connected
backplane, which to feeders
have been RXM-Test
connected with
inner cables
RXD-Test

RXD-OUT Diversity RXD-ANT


DDU
RF Subsystem

 Provides isolation and low-pass filtering to two received


and transmitted signals.
 Provides two DC feeds to T-type tower-top amplifier.
 Supports Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) test on
transmit channels in both forward and backward directions.
 Supports coupling test of transmitted and received signals.
DDU
RF Subsystem

Functional Diagram

Pr1-OUT D

Pf1-OUT D TX1-TEST
S
TX1 D BIAS T TX/RXM-ANT
BIAS T LPF N
RXM-OUT D COUPLER
S RXM-TEST
LPF DUPLEXER

Connected
Pr2-OUT D to feeders
Pf2-OUT D
TX2 S TX2-TEST
D BIAS T TX/RXD-ANT
BIAS T LPF N
RXD-OUT D COUPLER
S RXD-TEST
LPF DUPLEXER

D D-SUB N N-Type S SMA-Type


DFU
RF Subsystem

 Provides isolation and filtering of transmitted and received


signals to the single carrier.
 Filters the received signals in order to suppress the out-
band interference.
DFU
RF Subsystem

Functional Diagram Interfaces on the DFU Panel

S RXD-TEST
Low-pass filter
RXD-OUTD N RXD-ANT
Diversity receive filter Connected
to feeders
Low-pass filter Duplexer S TX-TEST
TX D Directional coupler
NTX/RXM-ANT

RXM-OUT D S RXM-TEST

Pf-OUT D
Pr-OUT D

Interfaces to the D D-SUB S SMA-Type


backplane, for
N N-Type
inner connections
RLDU
RF Subsystem

 Provides low noise amplification and distributes the received


signals.
 Offers built-in electronic RF switch supports multiple BTS
configurations (3 sectors or 1 sector).
 Monitors the antenna VSWR.
 Detects the BTS forward RF power and monitors the LNA
running status.
RLDU
RF Subsystem

Functional Diagram
RXBD-IN
RXBM-IN
RXAD-IN
RXAM-IN
RXAM-TEST APf
-IN
VSWR and power APr
-IN
RXBM-TEST check BPf
-IN
BPr
-IN
RXAM1
RXAM2

RXAD1
RXAD2
LNA Distribution module
RXAM3/RXBM1
RXAM4/RXBM2

RXAD3/RXBD1
RXAD4/RXBD2

DC-IN Power supply


PWR VSWR check processing
S/W Forward power output
DB15
RLDU
RF Subsystem

RLDU Facet

S/W is switched to 0: The corresponding BTRM number>2 and <=4


S/W is switched to 1: The corresponding BTRM number <2
Signal Flow
RF Subsystem

BTRM BHPA Main_ ANT Div._ ANT


TX_RFd PA_OUT Main_RX_OUT
BIFM BRCM TX_RFm PA_IN TX1_IN
RX_RFm FWDCPL_OUT
RX_RFd TX2_IN REVCPL_OUT
Div._RX_OUT

DDU/CDU

BTRM BHPA
TX_RFm PA_IN PA_OUT
BIFM BRCM TX_RFd
RX_RFm
RX_RFd

RLDU
A_Rm1 A_Main_RX_IN
A_Rm2 A_FWDCPL_IN
A_Rm3/B_Rm1A_REVCPL_IN
A_Div._RX_IN
A_Rm4/B_Rm2

A_Rd1 B_Main_RX_IN
A_Rd2 B_FWDCPL_IN
A_Rd3/B_Rd1 B_REVCPL_IN
B_Div._RX_IN
A_Rd4/B_Rd2
Non-transmit diversity mode
Signal Flow
RF Subsystem
To antenna &
feeder

f1
BHPA DFU
BRDM BTRM

To antenna &
feeder

f0
BHPA
BRDM BTRM CDU

f2
BHPA
BRDM BTRM

RLDU
Let us discuss now…..

Chapter 1: System Overview

Chapter 2: Baseband Subsystem

Chapter 3: RF Subsystem

Chapter 4: Power Supply Subsystem

Chapter 5: Antenna and Feeder Subsystem

Chapter 6: Networking
Subrack
Power Supply Subsystem

P P P P P
S S S S S
U U U U U

 BTS3612 has built-in power module which converts


the -48V DC input to +27V DC.
 In full configuration 5 five PSUs can operate with
7.2KW output. These PSUs work in 4+1 redundancy to
ensure the non-stop power supply, incase of any power
module failure.
Functional Diagram
Power Supply Subsystem

EMI
Lightning protection power

-48V Filter
Load
distribution

serial port DC/DC DC/DC DC/DC


for .....
Module Module Module
monitoring

+27VDC OUT
PSU Facet
Power Supply Subsystem

Possible causes & alarms: Input power under/over voltage, over-


heated or the power supply unit is not properly plugged in.
Let us discuss now…..

Chapter 1: System Overview

Chapter 2: Baseband Subsystem

Chapter 3: RF Subsystem

Chapter 4: Power Supply Subsystem

Chapter 5: Antenna and Feeder Subsystem

Chapter 6: Networking
Introduction
Antenna & feeder system

 BTS antenna & feeder subsystem consists of two parts:


RF antenna & feeder, and dual-satellite synchronization
antenna & feeder.
 RF antenna & feeder transmits the modulated RF
signals and receives MS signals, while the dual-satellite
synchronization antenna & feeder provides precise
synchronization for CDMA system.
RF Antenna &Feeder
Antenna & feeder system

Sector ¦A

Sector¦A
Sector¦A
Antenna
Inner
Jumper
cable RXD

Feeder TX/RX
MANT

Jumper

BTS cabinet
DDU/CDU/
DFU
Antenna Gain

 Antenna gain indicates the antenna feature of radiating


electromagnetic waves in specific directions.
 Normally, the higher the gain is, the further can the
electromagnetic wave reach.

GainA>GainB
A

B
Antenna Pattern

 The antenna pattern describes the radiating abilities of


antennas in all directions.
 Refers to the half-power angle in the horizontal plane.

360¡ ã 120¡ ã 90¡ ã 65¡ ã


Omni Antenna Directional antenna
Polarization

 Two main types of polarization:


 Vertical polarization
 Horizontal polarization
 The types of antenna divided
by polarization:
 Single polarization antenna
 Vertical polarization for GSM
 One port for one feeder

 Bi-polarization antenna
 +45 degree and -45 degree
 Two ports for two feeders
Diversity Technology

Polarization diversity

Types of Save antenna


diversity:
Space diversity
d>10 x wavelength

Frequency diversity
Frequency hopping
Dual-satellite Synchronization Antenna &
Feeder
Antenna & feeder system

GPS/GLONASS receiving antenna

Receiver on
BCKM

Feeder

Lighting arrester

Inner cable
BTS3612 cabinet

Note: BTS3612 receiver is provided by CLK on BCKM.


Let us discuss now…..

Chapter 1: System Overview

Chapter 2: Baseband Subsystem

Chapter 3: RF Subsystem

Chapter 4: Power Supply Subsystem

Chapter 5: Antenna and Feeder Subsystem

Chapter 6: Networking
Configuration Scheme
Networking

Cabinet Configuration Scheme-01 or S1

Baseband frame

F A N F A N  1HPA + 1BTRM
P P P P P 1 DFU/CDU/DDU
S S S S S
U U U U U
 1RLDU
B B B B B B B B B B B B
H T H T H T H T H T H T
P R P R P R P R P R P R
 PSU 1+1 standby
A X A X A X A X A X A X

RLDU RLDU RLDU

CDU CDU CDU CDU CDU CDU


/DFU /DFU /DFU /DFU /DFU /DFU
DDU /DDU /DDU /DDU /DDU /DDU

B B B B B B B B B B B B
H T H H
T H T H T H T H T
P R P P
R P R P R P R P R
A X A A
M A X A X A X A X
Configuration Scheme
Networking

Cabinet Configuration Scheme- S111


Baseband frame

F A N F A N

P P P P P
S S S S S
U U U U U
 3HPA + 3BTRM
B B B B B B B B B B B B
H T H T H T H T H T H T
P R P R P R P R P R P R  3CDU/DFU/DDU
A X A X A X A X A X A X

RLDU RLDU RLDU


 3RLDU

CDU CDU CDU CDU CDU CDU


 PSU1+1 standby
/DFU /DFU /DFU /DFU /DFU /DFU
/DDU /DDU /DDU /DDU /DDU /DDU

B B B B B B B B B B B B
H T H H
T H T H H
T H T H H
T
P R P P
R P R P P
R P R P P
R
A X A A
M A X A A
M A X A A
M

Sector 0 Sector 1 Sector 2


Configuration Scheme

Cabinet Configuration Scheme-S222

Baseband frame

F A N F A N

P P P P P
S S S S S
U U U U U  6HPA+6BTRM
B B B B B B B B B B B B
H T H H
T H T H H
T H T H H
T  3CDU/DDU
P R P P
R P R P P
R P R P P
R
A X A A
M A X A A
M A X A A
M
 3RLDU
RLDU RLDU RLDU

CDU CDU CDU CDU CDU CDU  PSU 2+1backup


/DDU /DDU /DFU /DFU /DFU /DFU

B B B B B B B B B B B B
H T H H
T H T H H
T H T H H
T
P R P P
R P R P P
R P R P P
R
A X A A
M A X A A
M A X A A
M

Sector0 Sector1 Sector2


Questions

 Describe the signaling flow from MS to BSC?


 Describe the traffic flow from MS to BSC?
 Describe the O&M flow from MS to BSC?
Answers

Traffic and Signaling Flow in BTS3612


RLDU

BCPM BTRM BHPA CDU/


DDU/
Abis traffic BCPM BTRM BHPA DFU
B
B
Abis signaling C BCKM CDU/
R
I DDU/
D
Abis OML M SIG DFU
M

CDU/
OMU BCPM BTRM BHPA
DDU/
DFU
MMI BCPM BTRM BHPA
CLK

RLDU

CellBu CellBusGbit Gbit


s Ethernet Ethernet
(electric (optical
interface transmissi

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