GINA B.

SELGA MAED- Science

Almost all human activities lead to the generation of waste. While waste is an essential by-product, it can also be a necessary evil, of everyday human living. Thus, the idea of eliminating waste all together is an impractical proposition--what is realistic is how waste can be managed effectively. Human well-being depends on such effective management involving the collection, transfer, recycling, resource recovery and ultimate disposal of waste.

The Philippine Republic Act No. 9003 known as Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 hereby declares the policy of the State to adopt a systematic, comprehensive and ecological solid waste management program which shall: a) retain primary enforcement and responsibility of solid waste management with local government units while establishing a cooperative effort among the national government, other local government units, non- government organizations, and the private sector;

(b) institutionalize public participation in the development and implementation of national and local integrated, comprehensive, and ecological waste management programs; and (c) strengthen the integration of ecological solid waste management and resource conservation and recovery topics into the academic curricula of formal and non-formal education in order to promote environmental awareness and action among the citizenry.

In response to Republic Act 9003, the Local Government Unit of Asingan launched the Solid Waste Management Program (SWMP) which is a collaborative strategy geared towards proper disposal and re-utilization of municipal waste. The program was spearheaded by Municipal Mayor Carlos P. Lopez, Sr., and was conceptualized with Dr. Leticia C. San Gabriel, PSU director for extension; Dr. Priscilla L. Agsalud, PSU Asingan coordinator for research and extension; Mrs. Leonarda F. Lopez, Asingan municipal agricultural officer, in their cognizance for a collective effort from various public and private sectors in the municipality to effectively combat the threatening

The program is strongly supported by the Pangasinan State University Extension Services Office which is now the assisting agency in the implementation of its initial activities which includes among others: information dissemination and giving technical assistance on the conversion of waste into useful materials.

The SWMP was conceptualized and born on September 18, 2001 at the Pangasinan State University Asingan Campus in partnership with the Local Government Unit of Asingan as implementing agencies. The former University President, Dr. Rodolfo V. Asanion and then Mayor Carlos P. Lopez Sr. of Asingan did the MOA signing witnessed by the University, municipal and sectoral barangay heads. The project was piloted to three (3) barangays and nineteen (19) sectors operating within the vicinity of the town. In the following year, 2002, another three (3) barangays were added to implement the project. Series of trainings, contests, lakbay- aral and environmentally related activities were undertaken. Three more barangays were included as implementers in 2003-2004. Monitoring and periodic evaluations were made to assess the progress and implementation of the project. Cross visits, intervisitations, and consultation were initiated. Involvement and active participation of the educational, sectarian, business sectors, private sectors, and other organizations were also prevalent.

To this affect, a manual called The Solid Waste Management Proceedings came out. This manual highlights the conceptualization phase, the MOA signing, launching, organizational structuring (from the municipal level, sectoral level, barangay to purok level) SWM plans, trainings/ demo conducted, documentation and evaluation aspects of the projects in the municipality. The executive management team is headed by the former University President, Dr. Rodolfo V. Asanion, co-chaired by the University Vice-President for Research Development and Extension Dr. Artemio M. Rebugio, Dr. Leticia C. San Gabriel, Director for Extension Services and Community Outreach with the strong support of PSU Sta. Maria Dean Honorio L. Cascolan and former Dean Marieta M. Escorpizo of PSU Asingan.

All these are part of the history of PSUs development and progress along research and extension services. Awareness of SWMP will make every Asingan citizen self- reliant , empowered and productive in their respective fields of endeavor. All sectors in the community are mobilized to participate actively in the solution of waste problems brought about by the increasing volume of collected garbage and the declining condition of the agricultural lands in the municipality. This program requires collaborative efforts among the community people to reduce/ minimize the generation of waste. The municipal government of Asingan gives its dynamic moral and financial support in the implementation of the SWMP. All the offices in the municipality are mobilized to support this drive.

The general objective of the program is to promote environmental concern and awareness on the proper utilization, conservation, and management of waste. Specifically, its aims are: to inform key officials, sectoral heads and barangay leaders on the effect and impact of Solid Waste Management on the environment; to formulate environmental laws, ordinances, promulgated by the key actors and implementers of the program; to apply skills learned on converting solid waste into organic fertilizer for home and commercial purpose; and to produce and create enterprising, livelihood projects out of waste (biodegradable and nonbiodegradable).

The SWMP includes: Education and Training; Organic Fertilizer Production; Food Production; Environmental Management, Protection and Conservation and Enterprise Development. This research was conducted to describe the current status of the implementation of solid waste management and to assess the major challenges faced by the implementers of the program.

This study assessed the implementation of the Solid Waste Management Program (SWMP) in cities and first class municipalities of Pangasinan. Specifically, it sought answers to the following questions: What is the status of the SWMP in the cities and first class municipalities of Pangasinan in terms of:

number of years implemented, number of beneficiaries, and

What is the extent of attainment of the objectives of the SWMP as perceived by the beneficiaries and implementers along: organization, education/ training, engineering, enforcement, documentation, livelihood generation, monitoring, and evaluation?

To what extent do the beneficiaries and implementers perceive the benefits derived from the SWMP along the following concerns:

social development, political development, and economic development?

Is there a significant difference in the extent of attainment of the SWMP objectives as perceived by the beneficiaries and the implementers? What problems are encountered by the beneficiaries and the implementers in the implementation of the SWMP?

There is a significant difference in the extent of attainment of the SWMP objectives as perceived by the beneficiaries and the implementers.

The Policy Makers. The findings will provide factual information on the SWMP as to whether these are accepted, appreciated and beneficial to the clienteles. From the data, they can work out the plan and activities that would further enhance the SWMP and bring about the desired changes as spelled out in the objectives.

Barangay, Municipal, Provincial and Regional Leaders. The results will provide the means to evaluate their strengths and weaknesses in the performance of their functions which can result to efficient and effective SWMP implementation. Educators. Findings of the study will serve as basis for them to make curricular and co- curricular provisions, revisions and enhancement which will prepare and equip students to become potential leaders with the necessary skills, know-how and training in helping alleviate poverty and other related problems.

The National Government. The results of this study can be used to strengthen the leadership and administrative skills of government officials particularly those involved in SWMP by providing training, seminars, workshops, technical and financial assistance and even conducting researches. Likewise, it would enable them to formulate solid waste reduction policies responsive and relevant to the needs of the clienteles. The Educational Researchers. The findings could serve as a springboard for further research along this endeavor, especially in solid waste management efforts not only in the Municipality of Asingan, but also in the other parts of the province and region.

This study assessed the implementation of Solid Waste Management Program (SWMP) in Asingan by the Local Government Unit of Asingan in partnership with the Pangasinan State University Extension Services and Community Outreach Office. Hence, the study focused on the status of SWMP in the town of Asingan from the date it was launched (September 18, 2001) up to the present.

This study included 26 respondents as implementers from the municipal government office and the Pangasinan State University which is 20% of the total population of the implementers. From a total of 1185 beneficiaries of SWMP, the researcher draw 20 percent as samples to come up with 237 respondents for the beneficiaries group from the barangay councils, school administrators and active residents of Domanpot, Poblacion East, Poblacion West, Baro, Dupac, Macalong, Toboy, Calepaan, Sobol, Bobonan, Coldit and Palaris. Private organizations and nongovernmental organizations were included as respondents. This includes the market vendor association, slaughter house operators, funeral parlor operators, junk shop operators, and clinic staffs. The total number of respondents were 263 respondents.

Implementation. It is the process of putting into effect, of fulfilling or of carrying through the ideas of the SWMP. Solid Waste. In this study, it refers to the waste produced in the municipality of Asingan. It includes paper, bottles, plastics, glasses, tissue paper, fruit peelings, rotten vegetables, cigarette butts, etc. These are either biodegradable or non biodegradable waste that can cause pollution, if not properly disposed. Solid Waste Management (SWM). It refers to the program associated with the control of generation, storage, collection, transfer and transport, processing, and disposal of solid wastes in a manner that is in accord with the best principles of public health, economics, engineering, conservation, aesthetics, and other environmental consideration, that is also responsive to public attitude. This is the ecological program by the local government of Asingan launched last September 18, 2001.

Program. These are the pre- arranged plans or course of proceedings regarding the SWMP initiated by the local government unit of Asingan and Pangasinan State University Extension Services and Community Outreach Office. Status. It refers to the state of program which existed at a particular time. Number of Years Implemented. This refers to the number of years that the SWMP was implemented. Number of Beneficiaries. These are the community people in the town of Asingan who are benefited by the SWMP. They are also the agencies or organizations either governmental organizations (GOs) or nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) which attend and participate the SWMP.

Funding Source. This pertains to the source of financial aspect in carrying out the program. It may be from Government Organization, Non-Government Organization or Religious Group or Missionaries. Implementers. In this study, the implementers are specifically the staff from the mayors office and the local government unit, coordinators and staff. They are also the personnel of the Pangasinan State University Extension Services and Community Outreach Office and the personnel of PSU Asingan Research and Extension office who are directly involved in the implementation of SWMP. Objectives. These refers to the intent or purpose of the SWMP in organization, education, engineering, enforcement, documentation, livelihood, monitoring and evaluation.

Organization. This pertains to the activity in the program which includes the creation of officers that are mobilized to carryout the program in each sector. Education. This refers to the process of creating activities to inform the whole community on the SWMP of the town. Engineering. This refers to the science of applying the knowledge of preparing the community and the natural resources of energy to the practical problems of the SWMP.

Enforcement. This is the process of executing the solid waste management program. Documentation. This refers to the assembling of the documents of the program and using all the documentary evidences to support the original written works toward the program. Livelihood. This is the activity by which the people earn or augment their income to support their families .

Monitoring. This is a step adopted to determine whether the program inputs are efficiently used, the process are moving smoothly, the outputs are effectively approximating the goals, objectives and targets. This gives feedback to project planners and implementers with the end view of improving further project implementation. In this study, the conduct of pre- training, during training and post- training are to be followed up so that appropriate measures can be designed to insure the success of the training program. Evaluation. This is the process of determining whether the goals of an organization or activity have been attained and to what degrees these have been achieved.

Benefits. These are the benefits or gains derived from SWM program such as social development, political participation/ involvement and social development. The entire community, not just a few families, has the opportunity to be involved in the planning and the decision- making processes.

Based on the foregoing literature and studies, a schematic paradigm was structured as shown in Figure 1 on page 50. It presents the perceived Implementation of SWMP in Asingan which could be described by the status of SWMP in terms of the number of years implemented, number of beneficiaries and funding source; extent of the attainment of its objectives along the different activities such as organization, education/ training, engineering, enforcement, documentation, livelihood generation, monitoring and evaluation ; and the benefits they derived in terms of social, political and economic development. The researcher posited that the attainment of the objectives of SWMP would be different between the perception of the beneficiaries and implementers. Finally, it is assumed that the problems encountered in the implementation of SWMP originated from the status of SWMP, attainment of objectives and benefits derived from SWMP as perceived by the beneficiaries and implementers.

Status of SWM Program

number of years
implemented number of beneficiaries funding source

SWMP As Perceived by the Beneficiaries

Attainment of the Objectives of the SWM Program Organization Engineering Monitoring education/ training enforcement
Status of SWM Program number of years implemented number of beneficiaries funding source

Documentation livelihood generation evaluation

Benefits from the SWM Program Social development Political development Economic Development

SWMP As Perceived by the Implementers

Problems Encountered in the Implementation of SWMP

This chapter deals on the method and procedures to be used in this study. Specifically, it discusses the research design, the respondents of the study and the statistical treatment of data.

The descriptive research design was used in this study. Descriptive research is defined as an investigation designed and conducted to ascertain the facts concerning the present status of an activity. Padua,(1998) Along this line, the descriptive method was the most preferred because the main purpose of the study is to analyze the status, attainment of objectives of the SWMP, extent of benefits derived as perceived by the beneficiaries and the implementers and the problems encountered by the beneficiaries and implementers of SWMP.

The respondents of this study were the implementers and beneficiaries of the SWMP in the locality of Asingan. The respondents of the study were taken from the identified areas that benefited from the SWMP. The researcher determined the sample size from among the beneficiaries and the implementers of the SWMP by getting the 20% of the total population. The steps in computing size of the sample were as follows: 1) the size of the population; 2) the total population per strata and 3) 20% of the population per strata as samples.

Applying the formula, the researcher came up with the sample size of beneficiaries as 237 from a total of 1185 beneficiaries group; and 26 samples from a total of 130 implementers group. Thus, the sample population per area was determined using the stratified random sampling and was selected using the convenient random sampling. Most of the beneficiaries are males, whose ages range from 48-52, high school graduate, earning an average monthly income of 3000 pesos. The implementers on the other hand were mostly males whose ages range from 42-58, college graduate, government employees and earning an average monthly income of 11 to 15000 pesos.

Beneficiaries
Schools Public Asingan North Central School Domampot Community School Narciso Ramos Elementary School Luciano Millan Memorial School of Arts and Trade (now LMNHS) Rizal Academy (now Colegio de San Louis Bertran) Little Learners Guided Educational Center

Total number of Beneficiaries

18 30 35 31 21 11 146 28 11 39 142 25 28 25 22 109 60 45 65 55 65 45 36 48 40 55 75
940

Sample Beneficiaries
4 6 7 6 4 2 29 6 2 8 28 5 6 5 4 22 12 9 13 11 13 9 7 10 8 11 15
188

Private Sub-total NGOs

Market Vendors Association Saranay Vendors Association Sub-total Gos Municipal Government Department of Agriculture Police Department Municipal Health Officer Bureau of Fire Protection Barangay Councils Poblacion East, Poblacion West Domanpot, Baro, Macalong Dupac, Toboy, Calepaan, Sobol Bobonan, Palaris, Coldit Slaughter House Funeral Parlor Operator Junk Shop Operator

Sub-total

Pos

15 25 20
60 1185

3 5 4
12 237

Sub-total Total

Implementers
Local Government Unit Pangasinan State University

Total number of Implementers

55 75 130

Sample of Implementers
11 15 26

Sub- Total TOTAL

1315

263

The main instrument that was used to gather the needed data was a questionnaire checklist which consisted of five parts that includes the sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents, the status of the SWMP, attainment of the objectives of the program, the extent of benefits derived from the said program and lastly the list of problems encountered in the implementation of the program.

This instrument was submitted by the researcher to her adviser and critic reader for initial improvement. Their comments and suggestions were taken into consideration and then it was presented to the committee on oral examination. All their recommendations for refinement were incorporated. The content validity of the said instrument was established through the evaluation of five experts whose field of specialization are related to the nature of the study. An evaluation rating form was provided for the purpose. The experts ascertained the validity of the instrument using a research- made validation shown in Appendix C. Regarding the validity of the instrument, the average weighted mean scale range and description rating below was used.

Mean Scale Range 1.0 - 1.5 1.51- 2.50 2.51- 3.50 3.51- 4.50 4-51- 5.0

Descriptive Rating Not Valid at all Not Valid Moderately Valid Highly Valid Very Highly Valid

After the validation of the questionnaire it was subjected to pretest or dry run to determine the effectiveness and reliability of the questionnaire, to determine the clarity of the items, the difficulty in answering, ease in the tabulation of responses and other related problems. The dry run was conducted in Asingan among 10 program implementers and 10 program beneficiaries who were not included in the final set of respondents. Some improvements in the questionnaire were made based on the comments and suggestions of the try-out group. Finally, all the needed adjustments, suggestions and observations from the group of validators were adopted in improving the questionnaire into its final form and it was found to be highly valid with an average mean of 4.50 from five evaluators of the questionnaire (Appendix G).

The researcher sought for the permission of the municipal mayor of Asingan, school principals/ school heads, department chairmen, sectoral heads, business operators and others prior to the conduct of the study. The researcher personally conducted and administered the questionnaire for the identified respondents.

The Descriptive and Inferential statistics were employed to analyze and interpret the facts and data gathered from the respondents through a questionnaire. Specifically, the descriptive statistics such as frequency counts transmuted to percentages was used to present the data regarding the status of the SWMP. Year of Implementation. The following categorization was followed with the assigned numerical codes to facilitate the computation of the variable. Years of Implementation Numerical Code Description One year 1 minimum 2 to 3 years 2 average 4 years 3 maximum

Number of Beneficiaries. The number of beneficiaries in this study is categorized as : Categorization Code Description 1-3 1 small in number 5-10 2 average in number 11-15 3 large in number Type of Funding Agency. The funding source of the respondents was described based on the categorization below: Category Numerical Value Government Organization 1 Non- Government Organization 2 Religious Group/ Missionaries 3 Combination of GOs, NGOs and RGs 4

The Average Weighted Mean (AWM) was utilized to determine the extent of the attainment of the objectives of the SWM program as perceived by the beneficiaries and implementers. Each statement was measured using the scale of 1 to 5, where 1 is the lowest and 5 is the highest. The average weighted mean was described by using the following categories: Mean Scale Descriptive Category 4.21- 5.00 Very Much Attained 3.41- 4.20 Much Attained 2.61- 3.40 Moderately Attained 1.81- 2.60 Slightly Attained 1.00-1.80 Not Attained

To describe the extent that the beneficiaries and implementers perceived as benefits derived from the solid waste management program, the researcher used the average weighted mean. Each statement was measured using the scale of 1 to 5, where 1 is the lowest and 5 is the highest. The average weighted mean was described by using the following categories: Mean Scale Descriptive Category 4.21- 5.00 Very Much Beneficial 3.41- 4.20 Much Beneficial 2.61- 3.40 Moderately Beneficial 1.81- 2.60 Slightly Beneficial 1.00-1.80 Not Beneficial

The t-test was specifically employed to test the hypothesis of the significant difference in the extent of attainment of the SWMP objectives as perceived by the beneficiaries and the implementers. All the data was computed using the SPSS program for windows. The problems encountered by the respondents on the implementation of SWMP were analyzed using the average weighted mean. Each statement was measured using the range from 1 to 5, where 1 is the lowest and 5 is the highest. It was described using the following categories: Mean Scale Descriptive Category 4.21- 5.00 Very Serious 3.41- 4.20 Serious 2.61- 3.40 Moderately Serious 1.81- 2.60 Fairly Serious 1.00-1.80 Not Serious

STATUS OF SWMP The status of the SWMP as described by the beneficiaries and implementers are categorized as to: (a) number of years implemented, (b) number of beneficiaries and (c) funding source.

The questionnaire checklist will be the main data gathering device. The questionnaire is a modified form which was used by Caluag (2004) in her study. There will be one set of questionnaires which it includes the profile of the respondents, waste management practices and programs, disposal and utilization practices as to the volume and frequency. Data Gathering Procedure The researcher will seek the permission of the School Principal/ School Head prior to the conduct of the study. The researcher will personally conduct and administer the questionnaire for the identified respondents.

Status

N (Beneficiaries)

Percentage

N (Implementer s) 1 1 3 21 26

Years of Implementation I year 2 years (minimum yrs) 3 years (average yrs) Four years and above( maximum yrs) Total No. of Beneficiaries 1-3 (small) 5-10(average) 11-15(large) Total Type of Funding Agency

34 40 41 122 237 N 24 54 159 237 N (Beneficiaries) 169 68 0 237

14.35 16.88 17.30 51.48 100 % 10.13 22.78 67.08 100 Percentage

3.85 3.85 11.53 80.77 100

Government Organization Non-Government Organization Religious Groups /Missionaries Total

71.3 28.6 0 100

N (Implementer s) 17 7 2 26

65.38 26.92 7.7 100

Item

Respondent Beneficiaries WM D MA Implementers WM 3.80 D MA

1. Establishment of action teams responsible for the overall management and implementation of the project 2. Formation of core groups responsible for specified duties relegates by the top management 3. Organization of different committee on training, documentation, evaluation, enforcement, monitoring, engineering and livelihood generation 4. Ensuring the coordination between and among clusters

4.00

3.87 3.92

MA MA

4.04 4.26

MA VMA

3.81

MA

4.50

VMA

5.

Assignment of groups from among groups responsible for direct supervision and management of the project in respective areas among clusters
Average Weighted Mean

3.92

MA

3.77

MA

3.90

MA

4.07

MA

Item

Respondent Beneficiaries Implementers

WM
1. Information/ dissemination in the community the adoption of solid waste management and organic fertilizer production into the area proper per sector/ zone/ purok 2. Creation of awareness on solid waste management 3. Informing the residents on the mechanics of the projects 3.86

D
MA

WM
4.35

D
VMA

3.67 3.51

MA MA

4.11 4.15

MA MA

4. Dissemination of the importance of segregation of waste 5. Informing the people with new techniques and strategies in segregation and implemented the use of organic fertilizer Average Weighted Mean

3.60
3.61

MA
MA

4.19
4.23

MA
VMA

3.65

MA

4.21

VMA

Item WM 1. Practice actual segregation of waste at home 2. Ensuring waste collector to dispose the solid waste 3. Production of organic fertilizers from compost solid waste product 4. Reusing plastics/ glass, bottles as containers and used recyclable materials 5. Construction of compost pits to produce organic fertilizers out of bio-degradable materials Average Weighted Mean 4.09 3.99 4.05 4.13

Respondent
Beneficiaries Implementers

D
MA MA MA MA

WM 4.15 4.04 3.54 3.73

D
MA MA MA MA

4.21
4.09

VMA

4.23
3.94

VMA

MA

MA

Item

Respondent
Beneficiaries Implementers

WM 1. Organization of responsible committee on this activity 4.44

WM

D VMA

VMA 4.30

2. Encouraging the residents to participate in the activity 4.28

3. Mounting billboards and other materials to publicize the project 4. Conducting contest to encourage the students to participate in proper solid waste management 5. Conducting house visits to encourage participation of the project Average Weighted Mean 3.87 3.51 3.38 3.90

VMA 4.50
MA MA mA MA 4.23 3.96 4.31 4.26

VMA
VMA MA VMA VMA

Item

Respondent Beneficiaries Implementers WM D MA mA MA MA MA MA WM 3.92 4.11 4.23 4.35 4.23 4.17 D MA MA VMA VMA VMA MA

1. Assessment of problems and needs of the project 2. Chronicles activities, development, progress and status of the project 3. Organization of committee on this activity 4. Preparing communication letters and transmittals to chronicle activity 5. Publicize/ showcase the project Average Weighted Mean

3.60 2.89 3.95 3.60 3.68 3.54

Item

Respondent Beneficiaries WM D mA mA mA mA Implementers WM 4.27 3.92 4.30 4.15 D VMA MA VMA MA

1. Conversion of solid waste into useful matters which are source of economic welfare 2. Conduct of livelihood trainings specifically on recyclables 3. Extending the organic fertilizer to purok levels 4. Using organic fertilizer in the Bio-Intensive Gardening and the Garden with in the School or at home 5. Production of ample supply and organically grown vegetable, fruits etc Average Weighted Mean

3.30 3.01 3.30 3.21

3.29

mA

4.07

MA

3.22

mA

4.14

MA

Item

Respondent Beneficiaries Implementers WM D WM D

1. Organization of a team on monitoring periodically 2. Assessment of the overall implementation of the project 3. Laying out proposed activities in the eventual implementation of the project 4. Issuing resolution and ordinances to enforce law on this program 5. Dissemination of various information on health care to help realize a self reliant constituent at all levels Average Weighted Mean

2.82 3.26 3.17

mA 4.04 MA mA 4.23 VMA mA 4.07 MA

3.06
3.08 3.08

mA 3.92 MA
mA 4.23 VMA mA 4.10 MA

Item

Respondent
Beneficiaries Implementers

WM 1. Selection of the best productive sector/ barangay and awarded credits and incentives to the winners/ implementers 2. Evaluation and awarding of outstanding performers in the solid waste management and organic fertilizer production project. 3. Conduct of monthly evaluation to assess the status of the progress of the project 4. Organization of responsible committees for proper segregation of waste at the source 5. Assessment of the quantity and quality of organic fertilizer production Average Weighted Mean 3.08

WM

D VMA

mA 4.42

3.04

mA 4.53

VMA

3.19
3.27 3.17 3.15

mA 3.92
mA 3.88 mA 4.00 mA 4.15

MA
MA MA MA

Item

Respondent
Beneficiaries Implementers

WM 1. Expanded access to health, proper waste disposal system 2. Raised the quality life through healthy and ecologically balanced environment 3. Improved partnership between the NGOs and the LGUs in the delivery solid waste management services 4. Provided adequate budgetary allocations for solid waste management and development 5. Increased awareness and solid waste pollution control 3.54 3.25 4.16

D MB mB MB

WM D 4.07 MB 4.15 MB 4.00 MB

3.46 3.38

MB mB

4.15 MB 4.15 MB

Average Weighted Mean

3.56

MB

4.10 MB

Item

Respondent Beneficiaries Implementers

WM
1. Become politically aware/ involved during elections 3.47

D
MB SB mB mB

WM
3.88 3.73 4.38 3.53

D
MB MB VMB MB

2. Acquired knowledge on current issues regarding solid 2.60 waste management 3. Established linkage with local officials 3.29 4. Bring/ Voice out local sentiments/ problems to 3.23 authorities 5. Promoted collective action to uphold the community 3.29 and national interest and rationalized and priorities programs for our needs/ demands Average Weighted Mean 3.18

mB

3.19

mB

mB

3.74

MB

Item

Respondent
Beneficiaries Implementers

WM 1. Created employment and increased income as beneficiaries 2. Improved the family standard of living and encouraged entrepreneurial activities 3. Increased production of goods and services among beneficiaries 4. Strengthened self- help and cooperation among different groups 5. Enhanced partnership between peoples organizations (Pos) and non-government organizations (NGOs) to resolve solid waste management issues Average Weighted Mean 3.12

D mB

WM 3.46

D MB

3.26
3.30 2.06 3.26

mB
mB SB mB

3.77
3.85 4.04 3.69

MB
MB MB MB

3.00

mB

3.76

MB

Item WM 1. Lack of fund 2. Lack of support from the government 3. Lack of cooperation among the beneficiaries 4. Dwindling enthusiasm on the part of the implementers/ beneficiaries. 5. Lack of specific implementing guidelines 6. Lack of program continuity 7. Inadequate program monitoring 8. Lack of program evaluation 9. Lack of manpower in the implementation of the program 10. Negative attitude among constituents 11. Laxity in the enforcement of the pertinent laws 12. Insufficient cleaning gadget and equipment 13. Lack of concern and indifference of various sector due to their varied interest Average Weighted Mean 3.49 3.34 3.40 3.29 3.10 3.49 3.29 3.14 3.40 3.81 3.22 3.40 3.36 3.36

Respondent
Beneficiaries Implementers

D S MS MS MS MS S MS MS MS S MS MS MS MS

WM 4.15 3.40 3.00 3.08 3.11 3.58 3.31 3.27 3.34 3.54 3.27 3.38 2.12 3.27

D S MS MS MS MS S MS MS MS S MS MS FS MS

Based on the data gathered and analyzed, the following are evident: On the Status of the SWMP Majority (122 or 51.48%) of the beneficiaries and implementers (21 or 80.77%) have been implementing the SWMP for four years or more. Based on the data gathered, it revealed that 24 or 10.13% of the respondents believed that there are only 1-3 beneficiaries in their department who were benefited by the program. The largest number of respondents (159 or 67.08%) believed that there are 11-15 beneficiaries in their department who are benefited by the program. The data imply that majority of the respondents believed that the programs have benefited more number of beneficiaries in their department. Majority of the funding agencies were from the government organizations (GOs) 160 or (71.3%) and only 68 or (28.6%) were non-government organizations (NGOs).

On the Extent of Attainment of Objectives of SWMP As perceived by beneficiaries, the extent of attainment of objectives of SWMP along organization, education, engineering, enforcement and documentation, with an average mean of (x=3.90),(x=3.65), (x=4.09), (x=3.90) and (x=3.54), respectively perceived as much attained: livelihood, monitoring and evaluation, with an average mean of (x=3.22), (x=3.08), (x=3.15) respectively are perceived as moderately attained. The implementers perceived the extent of attainment of objectives of SWMP along organization, engineering, documentation, livelihood, monitoring and evaluation, with an average means of (x=4.07), (x=3.94), (x=4.17),(x=4.14),(x=4.10)and (4.15), respectively are perceived as much attained: education and enforcement with an average means of (x=4.21) and (4.26),respectively are perceived as very much attained.

On the Extent of Perceived Benefits Derived on SWMP The beneficiaries perceived the extent of benefits derived from SWMP along social development as much beneficial(x=3.56), both political development and economic development as moderately beneficial (x=3.18) and (x=3.00). On the other hand, the implementers perceived the extent of benefits derived on SWMP along social development, political development and economic development as much beneficial, with an average means of (x=4.11),(x=3.75)and (x=3.76).

Test of Significant Difference on the Extent of Attainment of SWMP Objectives The ratings of both groups (beneficiaries and implementers) on the attainment of objectives along organization, education, enforcement, documentation, livelihood, monitoring and evaluation are not comparable as shown by the computed significant values of (.004), (.001), (.010), (.007), (.000), (.001), (.010), respectively. These significant values are lower than the set .05 level of significant, thus the null hypothesis stating that there is no significant difference in the extent of attainment of SWMP objectives as perceived by the beneficiaries and the implementers is therefore rejected. The ratings of both groups of respondents are not comparable except along engineering with a computed significant value of (.227), higher than the set .05 level of significance.

On the Problems Encountered in the Implementation of SWMP As perceived by the beneficiaries and implementers, the following are the serious problems they have encountered during the implementation if the program; lack of fund (3.49), (4.15), lack of program continuity (3.49),(3.58) and negative attitude among constituents,(3.81),(3.54). All these three items have a descriptive ratings of serious. As gleaned from the table, the lowest mean 2.12 or fairly serious falls on the problem lack of concern and indifference of various sector due to their varied interest as perceived by the implementers.

Based on the findings, the following conclusions are deduced: The Solid Waste Management Program in the Municipality of Asingan has been implemented for four years already with a maximum number of beneficiaries and is being funded by government organizations. The objectives of the SWMP were perceived by the beneficiaries to be moderately attained along livelihood, monitoring and evaluation; and much attained along organization, education, engineering, enforcement and documentation. The objectives of the SWMP were perceived by the implementers to be very much attained along education and enforcement while much attained along organization, engineering, documentation, livelihood, monitoring and evaluation.

The beneficiaries and implementers perceived the benefits derived from SWMP as much beneficial along social development. Both political and economic development was perceived by the beneficiaries as moderately beneficial while the implementers perceived the social, political and economic development as much beneficial. The beneficiaries and implementers perception on the attainment of the SWMP objectives is similar only along engineering. Their perception on the attainment of the SWMP objectives along the aspects of organization, education, enforcement, documentation, livelihood, monitoring and evaluation are not comparable. The serious problems encountered by the beneficiaries and implementers in the conduct of the program were negative attitude among constituents, lack of fund and lack of program continuity.

As a result of this study, the researcher offers the following recommendation in the belief that they could improve/ remedy the existing condition. Both beneficiaries and implementers should: Conduct periodic house visits to closely enforce, monitor and evaluate the program. Strengthen the integration of livelihood training on organic fertilizer production, organic farming, recycling of wastes and other productive activities to provide additional income to the participants.

Utilize the program as venue to enhance peoples awareness on the beneficial effects of healthy and ecologically balanced environment and current issue on solid waste management affecting their lives. Government, NGOs, POs and other civic organizations and agencies should allocate adequate fund and create regular SWMP team/ committee in the barangay and municipal level to ensure widest information dissemination and continuity of the program that would encourage positive attitude of the constituent towards the program. A similar study on waste management should be conducted not only within the municipality but though out the province of Pangasinan or Region I.