Professional Documents
Culture Documents
WHAT IS WASTE?
• Waste is an unwanted
or undesired material
or substance. It was
commonly referred as
rubbish , trash,
garbage or junk
depending upon the
type of material and
the regional
terminology.
• Waste is directly linked
to the human
development, both
technologically and
socially. With
industrial development
and innovation being
directly linked to waste
materials, examples are
plastics and nuclear
technology.
Types of Wastes
• Waste can be divided into
different types. There are many
different kinds of waste, including
solid, liquid, gaseous,
hazardous, radioactive, and
medical.
SOLID WASTES
• Solid wastes are
waste materials
that contain less
than 70% water
“Solid” wastes include:
• forest and
wood
processing
residues;
• agricultural
crop
residues;
• municipal solid
wastes (MSW), which
is domestic refuse,
commercial wastes
and industrial wastes,
such as pallets,
paper, cardboard and
plastics.
Methods of disposing Solid
Wastes
•
LANDFILL
- a waste disposal site in which
each day’s accumulation of debris
is covered by a blanket of
sediment.
• - trucks bring in days waste, place
it in active area where it is
compacted
• and at the end of the day covered
by layer of sediment
• - Each day’s accumulation unit is
called a cell.
• Fill is capped with impervious clay
to prevent infiltration and
percolation of water through the
fill. Fill bottom is lined and
provided with a drainage system
to contain and remove any
leakage or leachate that occurs.
Monitoring wells provide a final
check.
Problems of Landfills
• Leachate generation
and groundwater
contamination
• Methane production
• Incomplete
decomposition
• Settling
INCINERATION
The plastic
flakes are The plastic
melted down bottles are
and can be taken to a
made into factory for
new items. recycling.
• soiled bandages
• culture dishes
• surgical gloves
• instruments (including
needles)
• and as well as
human tissue.
Treatment of Medical Wastes
INCINERATION
• Incineration is the
burning of waste in
temperatures
ranging from
1,800ºF to 2,000ºF
(982ºC to 1093ºC).
Advantages of using incineration
• The disadvantage
lies in the
incinerator
emissions. These
emissions may
contain gases that
are toxic.
• We have to be our own leaders in the
battle versus waste disposal, because we
are the only ones who care about our
future on this earth………