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What is milling Characteristic of paddy Options for milling Multistage milling By products of milling
Objective of milling
1. Remove the husk 2. Remove the bran layers 3. Produce whole white rice kernels that are sufficiently milled, free of impurities and minimum number of broken kernels.
70-72
Chemical Characteristics
Brown rice Moisture content (%) Starch (%) Amylose Protein (%) Fat Fiber Crude ash 13-14 68-70 28-30 6-8 3 2-3 1-1.5 White rice 13-14 80 33 6-7 1 0.5 0.5 Bran 13-14 9 6 14 20 25 9-10
Milling Options
1. 2. 3. 4. Hand Milling One step milling process Two-step process and Multistage process
Multistage Mill
1.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Pre-cleaning the paddy prior to milling Removing the husk or outer layer from the paddy Polishing or whiting the brown rice to remove the bran layer Separating the broken grains from the whole kernels Bagging the milled rice Managing the byproducts
Multi-stage mill
Pre-cleaning
Equipment Oscillating Sieve type Aspiration cum Oscillation Type Rotary Cleaner
Process of separation
Process 1. Scalp larger objects 2. Retain desired size/weight 3. Removes small size or lighter weight material
De-stoner
Gravity separator Separates on weight
Dehusker
Equipment Steel huller Under runner disc sheller Rubber rollers Operation Friction between surfaces Speed differentials Abrasion
Paddy separator
Compartment Separator Paddy and brown rice move at different speeds Brown rice moves faster Specific gravity/buoyancy 45 compartments/2 ton
Gravity separator
Tray Separator Brown rice up slope, paddy down Specific gravity, grain length, coefficient of friction
Friction polisher
Grain kernels forced against each other and a metal screen by a steel ribbed cylinder Always horizontal High pressure, higher temperature than abrasive Suitable japonica types
Feed
Steel mesh
Steel rotor
Grain
Abrasive polisher
Vertical or horizontal Abrasive surface and screen Less pressure on kernel Better for Indica types
Polisher-horizontal Abrasive
Length Grader
Length grader works by matching screen indentation with whole grain length Small/broken rice fall into indents while whole grain pass to end Sometime set up with 2 different indent sizes
Separating bins
Separates into head rice, large brokens and small broken Mix any combination on belt by variable speed delivery motors in each outlet
Mist Polisher
Improves luster on rice Small amount dust and water
Color sorter
Has to be calibrated for desired color Works on separation discolored grain by using air stream Expensive
Bagging Station
Rice normally sold in 50kg bags Accurately weighed
Mill by products
Husk Coarse meal Fine meal Brewers grain