ARTICLE

XI

ACCOUNTAILITY OF PULIC OFFICERS

Public office is a public trust. Public officers and employees must all times be accountable to the people, serve them with utmost responsibility, integrity, loyalty, and efficiency, act with patriotism and justice, and lead modest lives.

A public office is the right, authority, and duty created and conferred by law1 by which,for a given period either fixed by law or enduring at the pleasure of the appointing power, an individual is invested with some portion of the sovereign functions of the government to be exercised by him for the benefit of the public

(1) A public office is a public trust It is not to be understood as a position of honor, prestige and power but a position of rendering service to the public.

(2) It is not a property. The holder of the office may not claim vested right in it which may not be disturbed by legislation.

The President, the Vice-President, the Members of the Supreme Court, the Members of the Constitutional Commissions, and the Ombudsman may be removed from office, on impeachment for, and conviction of, culpable violation of the Constitution, treason, bribery, graft and corruption, other high crimes, or betrayal of public trust.

THE PRESIDENT
4. SERGIO OSMENIA

1. EMILIO AGUINALDO

2. MANUEL L. QUEZON

5. MANUEL ROXAS
3. JOSE P. LAUREL

6.

ELPIDIO QUIRINO

DIOSDADO MAKAPAGAL RAMON MAGSAYSAY

10

CARLOS P. GARCIA FERDINAND MARCOS

11

14

CORAZON AQUINO

13

GLORIA MAKAPAGAL ARROYO

JOSEPH ESTRADA

12

15

FIDEL V. RAMOS

BENIGNO AQUINO III

1
MARIANO TRIAS

4
FERNANDO LOPEZ

ELPIDIO QUIRINO

2
SERGIO OSMENA

CARLOS P. GARCIA

(6)

(9)

DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL

ARTURO TOLENTINO

(8)

FERNANDO LOPEZ

(7)
EMMANUEL PELAEZ

(10)
SALVADOR LAUREL

(11)

(14)

JOSEPH ESTRADA

(13)

NOLI DE CASTRO

TEOFISTO GUINGON

(12)

(15)

GLORIA MAKAPAGAL ARROYO

JEJOMAR BINAY

(1)The House of Representatives shall have the

exclusive power to initiate all case of Impeachment. (2)A verified complaint for impeachment may be filed by any Member of the House of Representatives or by any citizen upon a resolution of endorsement by any Member thereof, which shall be included in the Order of Business within ten session days, and referred to the proper Committee within three session days thereafter.

COMPETENT HUMAN RESOURCE

The present anti-graft court known as the Sandiganbayan shall continue to function and exercise its jurisdiction as now or hereafter may be provided by law.

Under the 1973 Constitution, the Batasang Pambansa was directed to create a special court to be known as Sandiganbayan. This court shall have jurisdiction over civil and criminal cases involving graft and corrupt practices and such other offenses committed by public officers and employees x x x in relation to their offices as may be determined by law..

There is hereby created the independent office of the Ombudsman, composed of the Ombudsman to be known as Tanodayan, one overall Deputy and at least one Deputy ech for Luzon, Visayas, Mindanao. A separate Deputy for the military establishment may likewise be appointed.

The officials and employees of the Office of the Ombudsman, other than the Deputies, shall be appointed by the Ombudsman according to the Civil Service Law.

The existing Tanodbayan shall hereafter be known as the Office of the Special Prosecutor. It shall continue to function and exercise its powers as now or hereafter may be provided by law, except those conferred on the Office of the Ombudsman created under this Constitution.

TANODBAYAN is an ombudsman responsible for investigating and prosecuting Philippine government official accused of crimes.

NAME
ORLANDO C. CASIMIRO FRANCIS H. JARDELEZA

POSITION
- OVER ALL DEPUTY - DEPUTY OMBUDSMAN LUZON

CONCHITA CARPIO MORALES - TANODBAYAN

PELAGIO S. APOSTOL
HUMPHREY T. MONTEROSO

- DEPUTY OMBUDSMAN VISAYAS

- DEPUTY OMBUDSMAN MINDANAO

EULOGIO S. CECILIO
WENDELL BARRERAS

- DEPUTY FOR MILITARY & POLICE

- SPECIAL RPOSECUTOR

The Ombudsman and his deputies shall be natural-born citizens of the Philippines, and at the time of their appointment, at least forty years old, of recognized probity and independence, and members of the Philippine Bar, and must not have been candidates for any elective office in the immediately preceding election.

The Ombudsman and his Deputies shall be appointed by the President from a list of at least six nominees prepared by the Judical and Bar Council, and from list of three nominees for every vacancy thereafter. Such appointments shall require no confirmation. All vacancies shall be filed within three months after they occur.

JUDICAL AND BAR COUNCIL

The Ombudsman and his Deputies shall have the rank of Chairman and Members, respectively, of the Constitutional commissions, and they shall receive the same salary, which shall not be decreased during their term of office.

COMMON PROVISIONS THE CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION THE COMMISSION ON ELECTION THE COMMISSION ON AUDIT

The Ombudsman and his Deputies shall serve for a term of seven years without reappointment. They shall not be qualified to run for any office in the election immediately succeeding their cessation from office.

(1) CREATION (2) COMPOSITION (3) APPOINTMENT (4) QUALIFICATION (5) DISABILITIES (6) TERM OF OFFICE (7) RANK AND SALARY (8) APPOINTMENT OF OFFICIAL AND EMPLOYEES

The Ombudsman and his Deputies, as protectors of the people, shall act promptly on complaints filed in any form or manner against public officials or employees of the Government, or any subdivision, agency or instrumentality thereof, including governmentowned or controlled corporations, and shall, in appropriate cases, notify the complainants of the action taken and the result thereof.

The Office of the Ombudsman shall have the following powers, functions, and duties.

(2) INVESTIGATORY POWER

(1) ACCESSIBILTY

The Office of the Ombudsman shall enjoy fiscal autonomy. Its approved annual appropriations shall be automatically and regularly released.

Like the judiciary and the Constitutional Commissions, including the Commission on Human Rights, the Office of the Ombudsman enjoys fiscal autonomy, to further enhance its independence. It does not have to request the office of the President or any government agency for the release of its approved annual appropriations.

The right of the State to recover properties unlawfully acquired by public officials or employees, from them or from their nominees or transferees, shall not be barred by prescription, laches, or estoppel.

(1)BY PRESCRIPTION

(2)LACHES

(3)ESTOPPEL

No loan, guaranty, or other form of financial accommodation for any business purpose may be granted, directly or indirectly, by any government-owned or controlled bank or financial institution to the President, the VicePresident, the Members of the Cabinet, the Congress, the Supreme Court, and the constitutional Commissions, the Ombudsman, or to any firm or entity in which they have controlling interest, during their tenure.

A public officer or employee shall, upon assumption of office and as often thereafter as may be required by law, submit a declaration under oath of his assets, liabilities, and net worth. In the case of the President, the VicePresident, the Members of the Cabinet, the Congress, the Supreme Court, the Constitutional Commission and other constitutional offices, and officers of the armed forcers with general of flag rank, the declaration shall be disclosed to the public in the manner provided by law.

The making of a declaration under oath of his assets, liabilities and net worth is mandatory for every public officer or employee upon assumption to office and cannot be dispensed with by law. In the case of the President, etc.., the declaration is required by the Constitution to be disclosed in public.

Public officers and employees owe the State and his Constitution allegiance at all times, and any public officer or employee who seeks to change his citizenship or acquire the status of an immigrant of another country during his tenure shall be dealt with by law.