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multicast routing?
RP
r
Domain C
RP
Domain B
RP
RP
Domain D
RP
s
Domain A
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How to find each source
The receiver joins the tree of its local RP as before
Sources send data to their local RP
How can the RP at E (where receiver is) learn about
the source at A?
• Use the Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)
MSDP runs in the RP at each domain
When a new source joins the RP:
• MSDP informs all other domain RP’s of the new
source in its domain
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MSDP Flooding
Each MSDP router (i.e., each RP) maintains a TCP
connection with the MSDP router (i.e. the RP) of each
neighboring domain.
When the RP detects a new source,
• It sends a “source active” SA message to all its MSDP
peers
• This message if flooded to all MSDP routers (i.e. to all
RP’s)
• How is the flooding done?
• Use a form of RPF, i.e., use the implicit broadcast
tree of unicast
• If a RP receives a SA message from its next hop
(next domain) to the source of the SA message,
then it is accepted and send to all peers.
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Broadcast tree of Domain A
Domain E
MSDP Peers
Unicast Path RP
Domain C
RP
Domain B
RP
RP
Domain D
RP
Domain A
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MSDP Overview
Domain E
MSDP Peers
Source Active SA RP
Messages
SA
Domain C
RP
SA
Domain B SA SA
RP
SA RP
SA SA Message Domain D
192.1.1.1, 224.2.2.2
RP
Register s
192.1.1.1, 224.2.2.2 Domain A
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Joining the SPT of the Source
The RP at E, since it has a receiver, may join the
SPT of the source
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MSDP Overview
Domain E
MSDP Peers
Source Active SA RP
Messages SA r
Multicast Traffic Domain C
.2.2.2)
RP Join (*, 224.2.2.2)
(S, 224in
SA
Jo
Domain B SA SA
RP
SA RP
SA Domain D
SA Message
192.1.1.1, 224.2.2.2
RP
Register s
192.1.1.1, 224.2.2.2 Domain A
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MSDP Overview
Domain E
MSDP Peers
Multicast Traffic RP
r
Domain C Join
.2)
(S, 224.2.2
RP
Domain B
RP
RP
Domain D
RP
s
Domain A
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Multiprotocol BGP
Not all domains will support multicast
Note that join messages are sent via unicast
What if they traverse a domain where routers don’t support
multicast?
We need separate routing for regular unicast messages and
multicast join messages
MBGP is the same as BGP, except it provides more than one
route
• MBGP may support many “protocols”
• Provide one route to the destination for each of these
protocols
• E.g. “multicast” would be one “protocol”
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