Professional Documents
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Future Group India, established in 1994 in order to provide diverse services in India and Global markets. It has several retail chain:PANTALOONS,BIG BAZAAR, FOOD BAZAAR, etc. Their Headquarters are located in Mumbai. Their employee strength covers over 30,000 people. Future Group is located in 61 cities & in 65 rural areas in India.
BOSTON CONSULTING GROUP (BCG) MATRIX is developed by BRUCE HENDERSON of the BOSTON CONSULTING GROUP IN THE EARLY 1970s. According to this technique, businesses or products are classified as low or high performers depending upon their market growth rate and relative market share.
It is based on the combination of market growth and market share relative to the next best competitor.
STARS
High growth, High market share
Stars are leaders in business. They also require heavy investment, to maintain its large market share. It leads to large amount of cash consumption and cash generation. Attempts should be made to hold the market share otherwise the star will become a CASH COW.
CASH COWS
Low growth , High market share
They are foundation of the company and often the stars of yesterday. They generate more cash than required. They extract the profits by investing as little cash as possible They are located in an industry that is mature, not growing or declining.
DOGS
Low growth, Low market share
Dogs are the cash traps. Dogs do not have potential to bring in much cash. Number of dogs in the company should be minimized. Business is situated at a declining stage.
QUESTION MARKS
High growth , Low market share
Most businesses start of as question marks. They will absorb great amounts of cash if the market share remains unchanged, (low). Why question marks? Question marks have potential to become star and eventually cash cow but can also become a dog. Investments should be high for question marks.
SBUs plotted as circles with area proportional to the size of the industry, & a sector within each circle representing the SBUs market share in its industry
GE 9-Cell Matrix
Business Strength/Competitive Position
Strong Average Weak
Allows for intermediate rankings between high & low and between strong & weak
Incorporates a wider variety of strategically relevant variables than the BCG matrix
Stresses the channeling of corporate resources to SBUs with the greatest potential for competitive advantage & superior performance
Michael Porters
Five Forces Model
Barriers to Entry
large capital requirements or the need to gain economies of scale quickly. strong customer loyalty or strong brand preferences. lack of adequate distribution channels or access to raw materials.
Power of Suppliers
high when
* A small number of dominant, highly concentrated suppliers exists. * Few good substitute raw materials or suppliers are available. * The cost of switching raw materials or suppliers is high.
Power of Buyers
high when
* Customers are concentrated, large or buy in volume . * The products being purchased are standard or undifferentiated making it easy to switch to other suppliers. * Customers purchases represent a major portion of the sellers total revenue.
Substitute products
competitive strength high when
* The relative price of substitute products declines . * Consumers switching costs decline. * Competitors plan to increase market penetration or production capacity.
A model that attempts to explain the competitive advantage some nations or groups have due to certain factors available to them. The Porter Diamond is a model that helps analyze and improve a nation's role in a globally competitive field. The model was developed by Michael Porter, who is recognized as an authority on company strategy and competition; it is a more proactive version of economic theories that quantify comparative advantages for countries or regions.
Porters Diamond
Competitive Advantage for Countries
Factor conditions
Demand conditions
Cont..
In the early 1980s, U.S. industry saw its economic competitiveness eroded by Japanese and European competitors. Porter concluded that classical international trade theories, which mainly focused on slowly changing, inherited variables such as natural resources, climate, size of working population, etc., could only partially explain why nations gain competitive advantage in a given industry. This observation initiated a four year study of ten major trading nations and 100 industries that covered 50% of total world exports in 1985.
Strategic Choice
Strategies for Growth and Diversification
Diversification Strategy
Market Development
Goal: find new markets Marketing expertise Mature products/services
Diversification
Goal: develop & introduce products/services to new or emerging markets (Most likely Unrelated Diversification)