HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE

Presented By: RUBY ELZA R. LUSPO, R.N.

Blood Pressure
Blood pressure is a measure of the pressure of the blood against the blood vessel walls. BP is the force exerted by your heart as it pumps blood.

 High

Blood Pressure or Hypertension Hypertension is the name of a condition in which blood pressure is persistently elevated (it stays high for a long period of time) which is anything over 140/90 mm Hg.

What is High Blood Pressure?

It is called the silent killer because the person who has it often symptom free.
When

you have hypertension, your heart needs to work extra hard to deliver blood to different parts of your body.

2 Forms of High Blood Pressure

Primary High Blood Pressure It is the most common condition and accounts for 95% of hypertension. The cause of essential hypertension is multifactorial, that is, there are several factors whose combined effects produce hypertension. Secondary High Blood Pressure It accounts for 5% of hypertension, the high blood pressure is secondary to (caused by) a specific abnormality in one of the organs or systems of the body.

When is BP too high?

BP Classification Normal Prehypertension Stage 1 Stage 2 Systolic BP (mmHg) Lower than 120 120-139 140-159 160 and higher Diastolic BP (mmHg) Lower than 80 80-89 90-99 100 and higher

Preparation in taking BP:

Blood pressure can be affected by several factors, so it is important to standardize the environment when blood pressure is measured. For at least one hour before blood pressure is taken, avoid eating, strenuous exercise (which can lower blood pressure), smoking, and caffeine intake. Other stresses may alter the blood pressure and need to be considered when blood pressure is measured

Risk Factors:
Non-Modifiable

change Family History people with positive family history of hypertension are twice at risk than those with no history. Genetics seem to be one of the causes of high blood pressure, and that's just something we have to live with.

Factors: You cant

Age Older persons are at greater risk for hypertension than younger persons. The aging processes that increase BP including stiffening of the arteries.

Gender Male are more prone to have this kind of disease because of their lifestyle.

Modifiable Factors: can be change High Salt Intake Salt may cause an elevation in blood volume. Obesity Excess alcohol consumption

Stress Oral Contraceptives Cigarette smoking Nicotine Nutrients/diet High in fat Caffeine

Why worry about hypertension?

Hypertension is a silent killer. It may have no symptoms until the pressure becomes too high or it causes damage to vital organs. Ongoing and uncontrolled hypertension can lead to complications. Persistent high blood pressure puts undue stress on the heart, blood vessels and other organs.

Heart Disease

HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE

Erectile Dysfunction

Stroke

Blindness or Impaired Vision

Heart Attack

Heart Failure

Kidney Failure

 Heart

Attack Heart Failure When your heart is no longer to pump blood as well as it should. Stroke When blood cannot reach your brain, either due to blocked or damaged blood vessels, your brain cells die. Stroke can also occur when an artery bursts in the brain.

Signs and Symptoms:

Unfortunately, a person with high blood pressure usually sees or feels no clearly identifiable hypertension symptoms. That's why high blood pressure is such a dangerous condition. Patients can think that they have perfectly normal blood pressure until hypertension does its damage, and they're suddenly confronted with heart problems, or even strokes.

 asymptomatic

lightheadedness
headaches(nape),

forgetfulness
dizziness,

 easy

fatigability blurred vision, palpitations ringing of ears (tinnitus) BP above 140/90 mm HG

How can high blood pressure be controlled?

Consult your doctor.

Hypertension can be easily controlled with proper management.

Management of High Blood Pressure:

Weight loss If weight is greater than body mass index at all levels of BP increased, weight contributes to the degree of pressure elevation, each lose pound will decrease blood pressure for hypertensive patients. Limit alcohol intake

 Dietary

changes Avoid or lessen salty and fatty foods, and foods with cholesterol. Controlling cholesterol levels by reducing intake of fatty foods like chicharon, chicken, pork, avocado, butter, oil, margarine, mayonnaise, internal organs (such as heart, liver, brain) and other fatty foods.

Avoid foods rich in sodium such as daing, dilis, bagoong, patis and salted eggs. potassium, calcium and magnesium should be included in the diet because it lowers blood pressure

 Regular

blood pressure monitoring

 Increase

and maintain intake of dietary potassium (fresh fruits and vegetables)

 Increase

aerobic physical activity - exercise regularly like walking (brisk walking), jogging, stair climbing and doing the household chores will help decrease BP stop smoking

 Stop

smoking, limit caffeine intake Stress reduction learn to relax Take medication doctors order.

Tips for Taking Your Medication

Take your medication as directed. Take your medication at the same time everyday. Do not stop your medication without your doctors instruction.

Importance of Taking your Medication

Taking your medication regularly, as advised by your doctor will help you lower and control your blood pressure. Remember, hypertension is a chronic disease. It cannot be cured but it can be controlled to prevent its dreaded complications. Always follow your doctors advice and take your medications as prescribed. Poor compliance leads to treatment failure and disease progression.

THANK YOU!!!