BMIS 111 : Introduction to Computer HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTERS

BMIS 111 : Introduction to Computer EVOLUTION OF DIFFERENT COMPUTING DEVICES

HISTORY OF COMPUTERS
Different Calculating Devices

ABACUS (12th Century A.D.) Ancient Chinese

HISTORY OF COMPUTERS
Different Calculating Devices

NAPIER BONES John Napier

HISTORY OF COMPUTERS
Different Calculating Devices

SLIDE RULE William Oughtred

HISTORY OF COMPUTERS
Different Calculating Devices

PASCALINE (1642) Blaise Pascal

HISTORY OF COMPUTERS
Different Calculating Devices

LEIBNITZS CALCULATOR (1694) GV Leibnitz

HISTORY OF COMPUTERS
Different Calculating Devices

JACQUARD LOOM (1801) Joseph Marie Jacquard

HISTORY OF COMPUTERS
Different Calculating Devices

ARITHMOMETER (1820) Charles Xavier Thomas

HISTORY OF COMPUTERS
Different Calculating Devices

DIFFERENCE ENGINE (1842) Charles Babbage

HISTORY OF COMPUTERS
Different Calculating Devices

ANALYTICAL ENGINE (1833 / 1871)- Charles Babbage

HISTORY OF COMPUTERS
Different Calculating Devices

The Concept of Programming Language (1816 1852) Lady Ada Augusta Lovelace

HISTORY OF COMPUTERS
Different Calculating Devices

PUNCHED CARD TABULATING MACHINE (1887) Herman Hollerith

HISTORY OF COMPUTERS
Different Calculating Devices ATANASOFF - BERRY COMPUTER (1942) John Vincent Atanasoff & Clifford Berry

HISTORY OF COMPUTERS
Different Calculating Devices STORED PROGRAM CONCEPT (Mid 1940s) John Von Neumann

BMIS 111 : Introduction to Computer

DEVELOPMENT IN ELECTRONIC DATA PROCESSING DEVICES

DEVT OF ELECTRONIC DATA PROCESSING MARK I

- developed under the supervision of Howard G. Aiken in 1944 - official name was Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator - approximately 50 feet long and 8 feet high - consisted of some 700,000 moving parts and several hundred miles of wiring

DEVT OF ELECTRONIC DATA PROCESSING ENIAC

- developed under the direction of Presper Eckert Jr. and John Mauchly in 1943 - 1946 - acronym for Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator - it is consisted of over 18, 000 vacuum tubes - required the manual setting of switches to achieve desired results. - it could perform 300 multiplications per second.

DEVT OF ELECTRONIC DATA PROCESSING EDVAC

- modified version of ENIAC developed by John Von Neumann in 1946 - official name was Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer

DEVT OF ELECTRONIC DATA PROCESSING EDSAC

- developed by an Englishman in 1949 at Cambridge University

BMIS 111 : Introduction to Computer GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER SYSTEM

GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER
First Generation Howard G. Aiken, in conjunction with IBM, developed the MARK I in 1944 Grace Hopper developed the COBOL (Common Business Language) to program the MARK I

ENIAC was developed under the agreement of US govt and University of Pennsylvania Adele Goldstein programmed the ENIAC

GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER
First Generation UNIVAC (UNIVersal Automatic Computer) was invented by Eckert, Mauchly and Neumann

GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER
First Generation Its main improvement over older designs was its memory unit that temporarily stored programs and data. The programming language used to program these first generation computers was called machine language because instructions were a series of zeroes and ones.

Computers built in First Generation are designed using vacuum tubes

GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER
Second Generation Transistor was invented in 1956 by William Shockly, John Barden, and Walter Brattain

GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER
Second Generation Transistors were electronic components that functioned the same way as vacuum tubes used in computers but transistors were much smaller, reliable and they consumed significantly lesser electricity. Computers built using transistors were much more dependable, easier to maintain and cheaper to operate Programming Language used was called assembly language which used abbreviations to represent machine language operating instructions.

GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER
Third Generation Integrated Circuits (IC) were invented

GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER
Third Generation These were a collection of electronic components etched onto a silicon wafer with all the connections necessary An IC is equivalent to thousands of transistors or vacuum tubes connected to one another Computers made with ICs were much faster, lighter and smaller, and they consumed even much less electricity Programming Language used to program the Third Generation Computers was called high-level Language

Two High-Level Languages introduced during this time 1. FORTRAN (FORmula TRANSlator) used in engineering and scientific calculations 2. COBOL (Common Business Language) used in business applications

GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER
Fourth Generation In 1971, the first electronic computers were introduced that used Large Scale Integration (LSI) circuits LSI circuit composed of thousands of integrated circuits on a chip, for main memory and logic circuitry (the circuitry that performs the logical operations of the CPU

Microprocessors are several integrated circuits put together in a wafer of silicon

GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER
Fourth Generation Computers that use microprocessors as their driving engines are appropriately called microcomputers LSI and microprocessor enabled the development of mainframe computers and supercomputers Two computer manufacturers that developed mainframes: IBM and DEC (Digital Electronic Corporation). One of the most popular supercomputer companies is Cray Research owned and operated by Symour Cray

GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER
Fifth Generation develop new superconductors that can conduct electricity with no resistance, thus generating no heat but great speed Parallel processing means that many processors will work on a problem at the same time development of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

BMIS 111 : Introduction to Computer TYPES OF COMPUTER SYSTEM

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OMPUTER

YSTEM

SUPER COMPUTER

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OMPUTER

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MAINFRAME COMPUTER

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OMPUTER

YSTEM

MAINFRAME COMPUTER

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OMPUTER

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MINI COMPUTER

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OMPUTER

YSTEM

MICRO COMPUTER

The End