Health and illness

Concept of health should Include :- physical fitness , mental and emotional stability ,social efficiency , ability of the individual to function in manner acceptable to himself and to the group.

Illness : State in which there is disturbance in either physical, mental or social status of the individual that hinder his capacity to meet the minimum requirements for an appropriate function.

III Health illness continuum

Health and illness may be viewed on the continuum that ranges from extreme poor health to a peak or a high level of wellness

Health illness continuum

A according to health illness continuum, a person with a condition such as diabetes, may consider-himself to be in good health, as long as his diabetes is under control and lie can carry out his usual activities of daily living.

1-Personal health habits (Adequate period of rest, comfort and sleep Well balanced nutrition ,Adequate physical exercises Cleanliness and body hygiene Good elimination habits).

Factors contributing to health:-

Factors contributing to health:- 2- Environmental health: (community health) Control of communicable diseases -(Control of insects -Safe working environment , -Pure water supply , -Provision of safe food , -Control of air pollution & proper housing )

Factors contributing to health:3- Comprehensive

health care facilities and health services e.g. Hospital, health centers, health man power .

Factors contributing to health:4- Culture

and beliefs about health: Every society has certain norms or standards regarding health and illness. consider obesity as a good health.

5-Education: increases the individuals awareness to the symptoms of illness. 6- Socio-economic factor Poverty & overcrowding contribute to the development of health problem.

Factors contributing to health:-

Causes of illness:

well accepted that illness is a condition which hinder the individual to function normally. Heredity: Disease transmitted by genes and funs through family e.g. hemophilia Congenital anomalies: Present at birth, may be duce to drugs, radiation, infection etc.

It is

Causes of illness:

Trauma: Injury may be caused by gunshot, knife

Causes of illness: Nutritional: excessive intake of food substances may lead to obesity. Chemical agent: Pathogens invade the body, grow and multiply such pathogens as viruses, bacteria, rickets, fungi or protozoa . Neoplasm: It is abnormal growth of cells. It may be benign or malignant.

body responses to illness or injury These changes may be adaptive or maladaptive depending on the individual's. Adaptive changes means, the abilities of the body to restore balance ( change). Maladaptive changes means: that the body is not coping with changes which gives rise to the development of signs and symptoms.

Stages of illness 1- Initial or transition stage:

ill: individuals require bed rest Seriously Ill or critically ill: These patients usually require special nursing care -The long term ill: Patients with chronic illness Reaction of the individual in this stage: Some individuals attempt to deny that they are ill Others respond with anger or may be withdrawn. By. That time the individual decides to seek professional help.
-Mildly

2-The stage of accepted illness:

2-After initial diagnosis has been made and patient has been under treatment, he becomes more concerned with himself. During this stage the patient should be encouraged to participate in his own care, (encourage self care according to the patient's potentialities)

3- Convalescence stage:
Convalescence may be prolonged in some patients, they are often afraid about their ability to resume normal activities. (Clean explanation and reassurance are very helpful during this stage; it enables the patient to move easily to his ordinary activities. of life)

Treatment of illness:

Drug therapy carrying out the ordered treatment's Diet therapy A therapeutic diet is prescribed by the physician Fluid and electrolyte therapy

Treatment of illness:

Physical therapy: such as heat, electricity, cold water, and ultra violet rays, exercise and massage. Surgery: Treatment of the disease through operative procedures Rehabilitation: is a process to help, the patient to adjust his handicap