Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chapter 01
PowerPoint Authors: Susan Coomer Galbreath, Ph.D., CPA Charles W. Caldwell, D.B.A., CMA Jon A. Booker, Ph.D., CPA, CIA Cynthia J. Rooney, Ph.D., CPA
McGraw-Hill/Irwin 1-1
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A = L + SE
(Assets) (Liabilities) (Stockholders Equity)
Economic Resources Sources of Financing for Economic Resources
Liabilities: From Creditors Stockholders Equity: From Stockholders
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Assets Cash Short-Term Investment Accounts Receivable Notes Receivable Inventory (to be sold) Supplies Prepaid Expenses Long-Term Investments Equipment Buildings Land Intangibles
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Liabilities Accounts Payable Accrued Expenses Notes Payable Taxes Payable Unearned Revenue Bonds Payable
Balance Sheet
MAXIDRIVE CORP. Balance Sheet At December 31, 2010 (in thousands of dollars) ASSETS Cash Accounts receivable Inventories Plant and equipment Land Total assets LIABILITIES Accounts payable Notes payable Total liabilities STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Contributed capital Retained earnings Total stockholders' equity Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
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$ $
4,895 5,714 8,517 7,154 981 27,261 7,156 9,000 16,156 2,000 9,105 11,105 27,261
Expenses Cost of Goods Sold Wages Expense Rent Expense Interest Expense Depreciation Expense Advertising Expense Insurance Expense Repair Expense Income Tax Expense
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Income Statement
MAXIDRIVE CORP. Income Statement For the Year Ended December 31, 2010 (in thousands of dollars) Revenues Sales revenue Total revenues Expenses Cost of goods sold expense Selling, general, and administrative expense Research and development expense Interest expense Total expenses Operating income Income tax expense Net income $ 37,436 37,436 26,980 3,624 1,982 450 33,036 4,400 1,100 3,300
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MAXIDRIVE CORP. Statement of Retained Earnings For the Year Ended December 31, 2010 (in thousands of dollars) Retained earnings, January 1, 2010 Net income for 2010 Dividends for 2010 Retained earnings, December 31, 2010 $6,805 3,300 (1,000) $9,105
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33,563 (30,854) (450) (1,190) 1,069 (1,625) (1,625) 1,400 (1,000) 400 (156) 5,051 4,895
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Notes
All financial statements should be accompanied by notes which provide the reader with supplemental information about the financial condition and results of operations of the company.
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Purchasing managers use suppliers financial statements to decide whether suppliers have the resources to meet the demand for products.
Employees union and human resource managers use the companys financial statements as a basis for contract negotiations over pay rates.
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The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has been given broad powers to determine measurement rules for financial statements.
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Currently, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) is recognized as the body to formulate GAAP.
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Effects on the selling price of stock. Effects on the amount of bonuses received by managers and other employees. Loss of competitive information to other companies.
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International Perspective
International Financial Reporting Standards
Since 2002, there has been substantial movement toward the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).
Examples of jurisdictions requiring the use of IFRS either currently or by 2012 include: European Union Australia and New Zealand Hong Kong, India, Malaysia, and South Korea Israel and Turkey Brazil and Chile Canada and Mexico In the United States, the Securities and Exchange Commission now allows foreign companies whose stock is traded in the U.S. to use IFRS and is considering requiring the use of IFRS for U.S. domestic companies by 2014.
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Independent Auditors
Auditors express an opinion as to the fairness of the financial statements. Independent auditors have responsibilities that extend to the general public. The PCAOB issues detailed auditing standards that auditors must follow.
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Independent Auditors
An audit involves . . .
Examining the financial reports to ensure compliance with GAAP. Examining the underlying transactions incorporated into the financial statements. Expressing an opinion as to the fairness of presentation of financial information.
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Code of Ethics
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Limited liability
Continuity of life Ease of transfer of ownership Opportunity to raise large amounts of money Disadvantage of a Corporation Double taxation
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Career Opportunities
Public Accounting Audit and Assurance Services Management Consulting Services Tax Services Employment by Organizations Internal accounting External reporting Tax planning Various other functions Employment in the Public and Notfor-Profit Sector
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End of Chapter 01
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