What is the purpose of assessment?

... to gather evidence of learning.

Purposes of Evaluation

Evaluative Decisions

Types of Tests

Robert Glaser Teaching Model

With respect to pupils

Selection
Classification Certification of pupils by diagnosing their strengths and weakness Evaluating the progress of students

Providing Feedback to the students

Educational Guidance Placement

With respect to teachers

To check
teaching

efficiency of the methods of

For diagnosing the deficiency in learning For predicting the performance of student in a particular field. To evaluate the achievement of educational objectives

W.r.t instructional procedures

Continuous assessment of the progress of

pupils

Improvisation of methods of teaching-

learning, curriculum and text books

W.r.t total school programme

To know the strengths and weakness of

educational program As a basis for healthy comparison between programmes of different schools.

W.r.t Improvement of Public Relations

As a basis for improvement of public

relations

For mobilization of public opinion

General Purposes of Assessment

Prognosis

Diagnosis
Monitoring of learning Providing feedback Promotion Placement

Certification
Grading

Classification of Assessment

Purpose (prognostic, formative, diagnostic and summative) Scope (teacher made, standardized) attribute measured (achievement, aptitude, attitude, etc.) nature of information gathered (qualitative, quantitative)

mode of response (oral and written; selection and supply)

nature of interpretation (norm referenced, criterion referenced) and context (internal, external)

Prognostic Assessment

Prognostic- Predictive of something in future Prognostic Test- This test is a measure which predicts how well a person is likely to do in a certain school subject or task.

Diagnostic Assessment
Diagnostic assessments (also known as preassessments) provide instructors with information about student's prior knowledge and misconceptions before beginning a learning activity. They also provide a baseline for understanding how much learning has taken place after the learning activity is completed.

Instructors

usually

build

concepts

sequentially

throughout a course.

Formative Assessment
Formative Assessment is a tool used by the
teacher to continuously monitor student progress in a non threatening, supportive environment. It involves regular descriptive feedback, a chance for the students to reflect on their performance, take advice and improve upon it.

Summative Assessment

Summative Assessment is carried out at the end of a course of learning. It measures or sums up how much a student has learned from the course. It is usually a graded test, i.e., it is marked according to a scale or set of grades.

Teacher Made Test

Teacher-made tests are written or oral assessments that are not commercially produced or standardized. These type of tests are designed specifically by the teacher for her students.

Standardized Tests
A standardized test is a test that is administered and scored in a consistent, or "standard", manner. Standardized tests are designed in such a way that the questions, conditions for administering, scoring procedures, and interpretations are consistent and are administered and scored in a predetermined, standard manner.

Norm Referenced
Norm-referenced measures are designed to compare students (i.e., disperse average student scores along a bell curve, with some students performing very well, most performing average, and a few performing poorly).

Criterion Referenced Test

Criterion-referenced assessments measure how well a student performs against an objective or criterion rather than another student. Criterionreferenced classrooms are masteryoriented, informing all students of the expected standard and teaching them to succeed on related outcome measures.