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Needs to produce new materials for specific purposes

Learning Outcomes

Meaning of composite materials Examples of composite materials and their components Compare and contrast the properties of composite materials with those of their original components

Glass capable thermally tempered or chemically strengthened to comply Optic fibers replacing copper wire Concrete is used because of its strength

NEEDS TO PRODUCE NEW MATERIALS FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES

Superconductor could conduct electric

Activity
Glass fibres are used to reinforce plastic in rackets

Pop Quiz 1
1) What are the needs to produce new materials for specific purposes?

Answer?

The needs to produce new materials for specific purposes are: Reinforced concrete Fibre glass Fibre optic Photochromic glass Superconductor

Activity in laboratory.
Objective : To make simple composite materials

A) Activity 1

B) Activity 2

Apparatus - 10 sheets of newspaper - Blender - Glue Procedure Soak about 10 sheets of newspaper overnight Blend the newspaper Add glue to the pulp Make it into a sheet and leave it to dry

Procedure:
1) Pour about 20 cm3 of any type of glue into a small beaker and add 20 cm3 of water. Add one drop of food colouring into the mixture and stir with a glass rod Add borax slowly and keep stirring until a dough is formed Discard the excess water and shape it into a ball Repeat steps 1 to 4 with other types of glue Compare the properties of the balls with that of their original components.

2)
3)

4) 5) 6)

Throw all the balls to the ground. Can all the balls bounce? Can all the balls bounce to the same height?

Discussion
Comparison between the properties of the balls with their original components Properties of original component 1) The original component not elastic but become adhere 2) Cannot bound 3) Original component cannot shaped but it follow the shape of container Properties of the composite material (balls) 1) Balls become elastic 2) Balls can bound when we throw it in different distance 3) Balls can be shaped

Conclusion

composite materials have different properties with their original component such stronger and high tensile.

Concrete are very good composites and are essential for the construction of large structure likes high-rise buildings. It also suitable to build buildings that are subject to earthquakes

Some superconductors are made from composite . materials. These specific superconductor are widely used today.

Fibre optics are used to replace copper wire in long distance as an appropriate means of communication signal transmission

Fibre glass has high tensile strength, can be easily coloured and low in density. It can be made into thin layers, yet very strong and also easily moulded and shaped

Photochromic glass helps to protect our eyes from harmful ultraviolet rays and glare from the sun. It also reduce refraction of light

DEFINITION OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS

A composite material is a structural materials that is formed by combining two or more different substances such as metal, alloys, glass, ceramics and polymers

Pop Quiz 2
2) What is the definition of composite materials?

Answer?

Definition of composite materials is:


A composite material is a structural materials that is formed by combining two or more different substances such as metal, alloys, glass, ceramics and polymers

REINFORCED CONCRETE
Concrete reinforced with steel wires, steel bars or any polymers fibres.

The resulting combination is a very tough material with more tensile strength.

SUPERCONDUCTOR
Superconductors are capable of conducting electricity without any electrical resistance when they are cooled extremely low temperature

FIBRE OPTIC

Consists of a bundle of glass or plastic threads that are surrounded by a glass cladding.

FIBRE GLASS

Fibre glass is produced when glass fibres are embedded in plastic resins to produce glass fibre reinforced plastics

PHOTOCHROMIC GLASS

Produced by embedding photo chromic substances like fine silver chloride or silver halide crystals in glass or transparent polymers.

EXAMPLE OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND THEIR COMPONENT

SUPERCONDUCTOR

PHOTOCHROMIC GLASS

REINFORCED CONCRETE

FIBRE OPTIC

FIBRE GLASS

Pop Quiz 3
3) Give one example of composite material and their component?

Answer?

Composite material
Reinforced Concrete

Component
Mixture of cement, sand, stone, water and iron rode

COMPOSITE MATERIALS

COMPONENT

Reinforced Concrete

Mixture of cement, sand, stone, water and iron rode Glass fiber added to plastic Mixture of glass with silver chloride or silver halide crystals Mixture of ceramic with cuprum oxide, itrium and barium Glass, cuprum metal, aluminium and plastic

Fibre Glass Photochromic Glass

Specific Super Conductor

Optic Fibre

COMPARE AND CONTRAST


COMPOSITE MATERIALS ORIGINAL COMPONENT
Concrete Strong but brittle Weak and tension Steel Strong in tension

Reinforced concrete Can be moulded into any shapes Very tough material More tensile strength

Fibre Optic

Glass

High transmission capacity Chemical stability Less susceptible two interference

Hard Strong Relatively high density Relatively brittle

Or Plastic Elastic Flexible with low density

Fibre glass Tensile strength Easily coloured Low in density

Glass Hard Strong Relatively high density Relatively brittle Plastic Elastic Flexible with low density

Photochromic Glass Transperant to coloured when exposed to ultraviolet Revert to transparency when light dimmed or blocked

Glass Hard Strong Relatively high density Relatively brittle Substances converted to silver and the glass darkens

Superconductor Cooled to extremely low temperature

Alloy Stronger Harder Resistance to corrosion Have a better furnish and lustre Ceramic Withstand high temperature Do not melt easily Very hard

Pop Quiz 4
4) Give one example of composite material and their original component properties.

Answer?

COMPOSITE MATERIALS

ORIGINAL COMPONENT

Reinforced concrete Can be moulded into any shapes Very tough material More tensile strength

Concrete Strong but brittle Weak and tension Steel Strong in tension

CHEMISTRY TEASER
KL tower is still standing, Go with family to enjoys, Used to build high rise buildings, Reinforced concrete is the best choice. Adam and Jenab from the different city, Go to the flower shop to buy carnations, Superconductors are capable of conducting electricity, Founded in the bullet trains for people connectivity

Saerah and Jenal late go to class, Causing by missed the commuter, Fibre optic consists a bundle of glass, Which use to link the computer.

Siti Nurhaliza clothes are branded, Datuk K give her an expensive coat, Fibre glass is easily shaped and moulded, One of the components in boat.

COMMATE PUZZLE.
Instruction: 1) Combine the pieces of picture puzzle according to the reference pictures that had been given 2) Then, paste it onto polystyrene board provided 3) Finally, you must complete the sentences about your picture 4) You are given five minutes to complete your picture puzzle.

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