Time measurement instrument

Breaker Analyzer system TM-1600

Vishal Telang
Engineer GIS

Noida, 18th July 2008

TM-1600

Presented by Vishal Telang

Definition of Circuit Breaker Timing

The timing of a breaker is the time measurement of the

mechanical operations in order to verify its integrity and good working order.

Mechanical operation means all operation or cycle of

operation the breaker is intended to do without being connected to the power grid.

Presented by Vishal Telang

Importance, Need of Test

Why it is necessary to know CB operating time ?
Operating timings are monitored to indicate any problems in operating It is a necessary to time each breaker, in order to have its functional
mechanisms, alignments of main/arcing contacts and also difference between two breaks of the same breaker pole. If these timings are not within order, it may lead to over stressing of one particular interrupting chamber.
signature. Incorrect operation can have unfortunate consequences on the equipment or the substation personnel. Also, the out of service losses of revenue and the repair costs. installation, during the commissioning tests. and reliability of the breaker.

Timing tests are done first in the factory during the routine tests and after
They have to be done periodically in order to validate the good working order Timing tests are also a powerful tool for troubleshooting faulty breakers.

Presented by Vishal Telang

Description

In order to measure the operation times of a breaker, we need a device

capable of detecting the instant of contacts state changing starting from the point the order was launched.

This device sends electric signals via cables connected to each contact, in
the case of several contacts in series each signal has its own source to eliminate interference.

The signal has two possible states. The first is when the contact is closed,
the second when the contact is open. All is recorded for consultation and analysis.

These special devices are called timing machines or circuit breaker

analyzers. They are designed to generate all the needed signals and incorporate a data acquisition system.

Presented by Vishal Telang

Timing CB TM 1600

The time measurement instrument TM-1600 is a

multi-channel ( 4,8,12 or 16) microcomputer based event recorder which, used for timing high voltage circuit breakers.

Presented by Vishal Telang

TM-1600 controls, indicators and terminals

Presented by Vishal Telang

TM-1600 controls, indicators and terminals

1. Earth (ground) Connection.
It is very essential to ground body of TM-1600 instrument with substation earth mesh on given point.

2. PARKING TERMINALS.
Safety terminals for breaker control wires. Not connected to internal circuits. Also to avoid unintentional breaker operation while working on the breaker, the breaker control circuit must disconnect from TM-1600 outputs.

3. Power ON/OFF.

ON
4. POWER-ON lamp.

OFF

Flashing = Low battery..

Presented by Vishal Telang

TM-1600 controls, indicators and terminals

5. Breaker control outputs.

These output port are used for interfacing closing coil & tripping
coil of breaker with time machine. By making this connection we can operate breaker for making & breaking operation locally via TM-1600 or by closing the REMOTE START input terminal.

Also Power for operating time machine supplied through these

point.

10

Presented by Vishal Telang

10

TM-1600 controls, indicators and terminals

6. Breaker operation SEQUENCE selector switch.

Their are two main operations on breaker is Close & Trip. In most of the cases it has to execute on demand a combination of the basic operations, called cycles. The most popular are the following: 1. Trip Free, (C-O): simulates a trip on short circuit after a CLOSE. The breaker must open instantly. 2. Reclose, (O-C): Simulates a fast close after short circuit trip to reestablish the current. 3. Reclose-open, (O-0.3s-C-O): Simulates a RECLOSE on short circuit. The breaker should clear the fault successfully. 4. (C-O)-15 sec-(C-O)-15-sec-(C-O) : Simulates a multiple close after short circuit trips in purpose of reestablishing the current, hoping that the short circuit is disappeared. This cycle is mostly used in the Medium voltage applications.

11

Presented by Vishal Telang

11

TM-1600 controls, indicators and terminals

7. START of breaker operation and recording switch.

Recording starts only if the Ready lamp is on, the breaker is operated without measurement.

12

Presented by Vishal Telang

12

TM-1600 controls, indicators and terminals

8. CLOSE DELAY. Closing pulse delay setting.

Pulse delay is measured from the start of the previous pulse. 10 ms resolution

9. OPEN DELAY. Trip pulse delay setting.

Pulse delay is measured from the start of the previous pulse. 10 ms resolution.

13

Presented by Vishal Telang

13

TM-1600 controls, indicators and terminals

10. Timing channel input terminals.

From these terminals we made connection between CB Main contact & TM-1600.
These channel also known as verification circuit .Each verification circuit includes a voltage source that injects current on contact making; a detection circuit, to detect the current and determine if the contact is closed.

14

Presented by Vishal Telang

14

TM-1600 controls, indicators and terminals

11. Timing channel mode switch.
There are three different mode which can toggle by given toggle switch.

1.Resistance mode: When putting toggle s/w in left hand side.

This mode is applicable when PIR present in CB circuit. Ex. PIR Contact in CB

15

Presented by Vishal Telang

15

TM-1600 controls, indicators and terminals

2.Contact Mode(Normal position) This mode is generally used as measure operating time of CB.Toggle switch is in normal position. Ex. Main contact of isolated CB,Indicating or control s/w contact of CB.

See s/w position

16

Presented by Vishal Telang

16

TM-1600 controls, indicators and terminals

3. Voltage Mode. In this mode, position of toggle s/w is in right hand side. This mode is used when contact using for measuring operating time is already charged by external source. Ex. Charged closing & Tripping coil

17

Presented by Vishal Telang

17

TM-1600 controls, indicators and terminals

12. READY for measuring button.
1st touch: Prepares for normal recording. 2nd touch: Provides long-term monitoring (optional).

13. READY lamp.

Steady light: Ready for normal recording. Slow flash: Ready for long term monitoring (optional). Fast flash: Measurement in progress.

14. PRINT MODE.

Report format selector switch.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Table of events in channel-number order.Graph of events,compressed time scale. Table of events in channel-number order. Table of events in chronological order.

Graph of events,linear time scale.

Optional. Static state of timing channel input. MA-31.Breaker summary+test diagram. Built in Printer. MA-31.Breaker summary+test diagram. External Printer.

15. Printer START/STOP and PAPER FEED button.

Paper feed if pressed longer than 1 s.

18

Presented by Vishal Telang

18

TM-1600 controls, indicators and terminals

16. REMOTE START input.

External short-circuit provides a me result as turning the start switch .

17. TRIG OUT.

Output for synchronous start of other equipment. Short-circuits the terminals at instant of triggering. Used when several TM1600s are used together.

18. TRIG.
Input for external start of recording. Recording starts if the READY lamp is on.

19. Motion Analyzer MA61.

20. Fuses for breaker control outputs.

19

Presented by Vishal Telang

19

Precaution before starting test

PRECUATION
a) Ensure that SFT/PTW is taken as per norms. b) There should not be any joints in testing cables.

c) Test leads should not touch any live part.

d) Never connect the test set to energized equipment. e) The ground cable must be connected first and removed at last. f) High voltage plugs should be free from moisture during installation and operation.

g) Circuit Breaker Analyzer body should be earthed ( if separate earth is provided).

h) It should be ensured that whole testing equipment along with testing procedures are available at testing site. Testing must be carried out in presence of testing personnel only. i) Surface/terminals should be cleaned where the connections for testing are to be made. j) Clean earth point with sand paper/wire brush where earth terminal is to be provided. k) Ensure that all the poles trip simultaneously through single close/trip command.

20

Presented by Vishal Telang

20

Procedure of test

1.Check that :The poles or the cubicles are correctly secured to the ground.

The electrical connections between the circuit breaker and control cubicle are made in accordance with the electric circuit diagrams. When the measurements are performed on energised substation, disconnect the alarms or commands can be transmitted to the control. 2. Wire up the time recorder according to FIG. 3.Energise the time recorder after having checked that it is properly connected to earth. 4. Adjust the time delays of the switching operations, no time delay is necessary for the operations C, O and CO. For the switching cycle O-(t)-CO, delay the C with the value (t) specified in the Inspection Results File (contractual cycle). For example : t = 0.3 s (300ms) normally 5.Perform the switching cycle desired. 6.Place the print selector onto program 1. 7.Press the READY button, the red lamp lights up, turn the START knob before the lamp goes out. 8.The report will be automatically issued after the switching operation.

21

Presented by Vishal Telang

21

Analysis of test report

Analysis of the time recorder report

Time of the circuit breaker contacts on closure = Time when the pole comes into contact - time of appearance of the voltage at the terminals of the making coil. Time of the circuit breaker contacts on opening = Time of the pole contacts coming out - time of appearance of the voltage at the terminals of the tripping coil. Short-circuit time = Time of the pole contacts coming out - time of entry into the contacts.

Time of the auxiliary contacts type a or type b on closure = Time for the Cs a or b switching over on closure - time of appearance of the voltage at the terminals of the making coil.
Time of the auxiliary contacts type a or type b on opening = Time for the Cs a or b switching over on opening - time of appearance of the voltage at the terminals of the tripping coil. Report Form

22

Presented by Vishal Telang

22

Accessory

23

Presented by Vishal Telang

23

Accessory

24

Presented by Vishal Telang

24

Thanking You

25

Presented by Vishal Telang

25

26

Presented by Vishal Telang

26