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Test
Stress
Strain
Compression Test
• Compression Behavior of metals is of
interest in metallurgical forming industries.
• Rolling, forging etc involves compressive
deformation of metals.
Suitability of Test
• Metals which have low rates of strain
hardening. (This leads to early necking)
• For metals that fracture under low stress
in tension.
• Where short specimen is required
• For brittle materials
Disadvantage of Compression Test
• Under compression material behavior is
elastic/plastic.
• Cross- sectional area and work hardening
increases as the height decreases.
• Therefore load requirement exceeds that
available from even the largest equipment.
• Friction causes barreling of the specimen
Shape and Size of Specimen
• Square or rectangular section is often used.
• Metallic materials circular specimen is always
preferred over other shapes.
• Dimension of metallic specimen ASTM(E-9)
• Type dia (mm) Height (mm)
Short 30 27
Medium 13-30 39-90
Long 20-32 160-320
Modes of Deformation in
Compression Testing