DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH

Name : K . Sambaiah
Designation : H.A.E.I.E.S
Branch : A.E.I.E
Institute : GMRP, KARIMNAGAR.
Semester : VI
Subject :Industrial Electronics, PLCs and SCADA
Subject code : AEI-602.
Topic :PLC Programming
Duration : 100 min.
Sub topic : PLC-Units
Teaching aids : ppts,Diagrams

AEI602.45 to 46 1
 Objectives
On Completion of this topic you will be able to
know…

PLC UNITS

• Bus Unit Module

• I/O Module
• Interfacing Module
• Programmer Module

AEI602.45 to 46 2
 Bus Unit Module

• Bus is a set / bunch of wires

• Bus simply says that, the I/O system communicates

information from the input devices to the CPU through
Bus.

• It also communicates data from the CPU to the output

devices through Bus.

AEI602.45 to 46 3
I/O bus networks can be separated into two different categories—
one that deals with low-level devices that are typical of discrete
manufacturing operations and another that handles high-level
devices found in process industries.

Fig.1 AEI602.45 to 46 4
The bus network categories are:
• Device bus networks
• Process bus networks

• Device bus networks interface with low-level information

devices (e.g., push buttons, limit switches, etc.), which
primarily transmit data relating to the state of the device
(ON/OFF) and its operational status.

• Process bus networks, on the other hand, connect with

high-level information devices (e.g., smart process
valves, flow meters, etc.), which are typically used in
process control applications. Process bus networks
handle large amounts of data (several hundred bytes).

AEI602.45
EC602.47to 46 5
Block diagram of a PLC’s CPU and I/O system

Typical discrete input/output system.

Fig.2 AEI602.45 to 46 6
 Input Module

• The input/output system is the part of the PLC that

physically connects to devices in the outside world.

• The input module performs four tasks electronically.

AEI602.45 to 46 7
 Input Module…

• First it senses the presence or absence of an input

signal at each of its input terminals.

• The input signals tells what switch, sensor, or other

signal is ON or OFF in the process being controlled.

AEI602.45 to 46 8
 Input Module…

• Second, it converts the input signal for ON or high, to a

DC level usable by the modules electronic circuit.

• For a low or OFF, input signal, no signal is converted,

indicating OFF.

AEI602.45 to 46 9
 Input Module…

• Third, the input module carries out electronic isolation by

electronically isolating the input module output from its
input.

• Finally, its electronic circuit must produce an output to be

sensed by the PLC CPU.

AEI602.45 to 46 10
 Input Module…

• All these functions are illustrated by the module layout in

figure.3

• A typical input module has 4,6,8,12,16, or 32 terminals,

plus common and safety ground terminals

AEI602.45 to 46 11
Input Module…

Fig : 3
AEI602.45 to 46 12
 Output Module
• The input/output system is made up of two components,
the input interface and the output interface

• The output module operates in the opposite manner from

the input module.

• A DC signal from the CPU is converted through each

module section (terminal) to a usable output voltage,
either AC or DC.

AEI602.45 to 46 13
 Output Module…

• A block diagram of the output module is shown in figure.4.

• A signal from the CPU is received by the output module

logic, once for each scan.

• If the CPU signal code matches the assigned number of

the module, the module section is turned ON.

AEI602.45 to 46 14
Output Module…

Fig : 4
AEI602.45 to 46 15
 Output Module…
• The identification numbers of the module are again
determined by the setting of the module SIP switches

• As with input modules, there are 4,6,8,12,16 and even 32

terminals or sections.

• If no matching signal is received by a terminal during the

output scan, the module terminal is not energized.

AEI602.45 to 46 16
Master racks (a) without I/O modules and (b) with I/O modules
Fig.5
AEI602.45 to 46 17
 Interfacing Module

• An input interface is a bank of terminals that physically

connects input devices, like push buttons and limit
switches, to a PLC.

• These input devices provide data to the PLC.

• The role of an input interface is to translate data from the

inputs into a form that the PLC’s central processing unit
can understand

AEI602.45 to 46 18
 Interfacing Module…

• An output interface is a bank of terminals that physically

connects output devices, such as solenoids and motor
starters, to a PLC.

• These output devices receive control data from a PLC.

• The role of an output interface is to translate data from

the PLC’s CPU into a form that the output devices can
understand.

AEI602.45 to 46 19
 Interfacing Module…

• In small PLCs, the input and output interfacing modules

can be part of the device.

• In larger systems, the processing module, input module,

output module and power supplies are housed in
separate heavy-duty, industrial style endows.

AEI602.45 to 46 20
 Programmer Module

• A PC system commonly has a keyboard or mouse for

primary input while the PLC must interface with sensors,
which detect the machines actions.

• The primary output from a PC is a monitor or printer,

whereas the PLC must drive motors and solenoids.

AEI602.45 to 46 21
 Programmer Module…

• Programmer is a separate module, which may and may

not be connected to the processing unit.

• The programming device can be connected when an

update is needed in the PLC and disconnected when the
task is finished.

AEI602.45 to 46 22
 Programmer Module…

• The programmer can be dedicated terminal, a general-

purpose computer a hand held programming device.

AEI602.45 to 46 23
 Programmer Module…

A typical mini programmer and a small PLC

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 Summary

We have discussed

The basic units of PLC

•Bus unit Module

•Input Module
•Output Module
•Interface Module
•Programmer Module

AEI602.45 to 46 25
 QUIZ
1. The input module performs electronically
how many tasks

a) One

b) Two

c) Three

d) Four Ans: d

AEI602.45 to 46 26
 QUIZ
2. The output devices receive control data from

a) CPU

b) Memory

c) PLC

d) None Ans: PLC

AEI602.45 to 46 27
 Frequently Asked Questions

2. Briefly explain Bus unit Module of PLC

4. Briefly explain Interface Module of PLC

6. Briefly explain Programmer Module of PLC

8. Briefly explain Input Module of PLC

10. Briefly explain Output Module of PLC

AEI602.45 to 46 28