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ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : A . Kishtanna.
Designation : Senior Lecturer in E C E.
Branch : Electronics & Commn. Engg.
Institute : 062,G P W, NIZAMABAD.
Semester : III semester.
Subject : Circuit Theory.
Subject Code : EC-303.
Topic : Circuit transients and linear wave Shaping.
Duration : 100Mts.
Sub topic : Initial, Steady state and transient condition.
Teaching Aids : PPT., Diagrams.
EC303.73 to74 1
Objectives
On completion of this period, you would be able to Know
the behaviour of circuits under :
•Steady State conditions
•Transient conditions
•With Initial conditions Know the response of RC circuit for
step input
• Know the equation for current, voltage & power in RC
Components
• Problem solving
EC303.73 to74 2
Recap
• In the previous sessions we have learnt the behaviour of electrical
circuits under steady state conditions
• The behaviour of circuit is totally different under transient
conditions or during switching or change over from one state to
other
• This condition of changeover is known as Transient and the study
of the same is known as Transient analysis
• Switching operation changes the current and Voltage in the
device.
EC303.73 to74 3
Introduction
device.
EC303.73 to74 4
Electrical properties of passive components
capacitor, then current & voltage will take certain time to change.
EC303.73 to74 5
Initial condition
• The time t=0- is used to denote the time instant just prior to
switching.
EC303.73 to74 7
• The time t=0+ is used to denote the time instant immediately
after switching.
+
i C
V
_
Applying KVLFig.74.1
to the Fig74.1 after closing the switch resu
• R di/dt +i/C = 0.
• I0 = V/R at t = 0.
EC303.73 to74 14
• V/R = Ce-0/RC.
= C(1).
There fore C = V/R.
Hence i = (V/R)e-t/RC ------(4).
i
V/R i=(V/R)e-t/RC
1 2 5 RC t
15
Fig74.2(Current vs.to74time
EC303.73
• The corresponding transient voltages are
VC = V – VR.
= V – Ve-t/RC.
= V (1 –e-t/RC ) ---------(6).
= Ve-t/RC + V( 1-e-t/RC).
EC303.73 to74 16
=V -----(7).
Voltage
V ..
VR=Ve-t/RC
Time constant RC
Fig 74.3(Voltage across resister vs. time constant).
Voltage
V
VC=V(1-e-t/RC)
Time constant RC
Fig74.4(Voltage across capacitor vs. time constant).
EC303.73 to74 17
Instantaneous power in a Resistor is given by
PR = VR . I.
PR=(V2/R)e-t/RC
Time constant RC
EC303.73 to74 19
Summary
Inductor.
EC303.73 to74 22
Quiz
• (1) The time duration from instant of switching till the
attainment of steady state is called
4. What is a transient?
EC303.73 to74 24
Questions…
EC303.73 to74 25