ASIAN URBAN FORUM 2011

ADB Headquarters, Manila, Philippines, 17 November 2011

Low-Carbon Green Growth & Urban Planning Strategies in Korea

Dr. Jo, Jincheol Research Fellow Global Development Partnership Center Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements (KRIHS)
jincjo@krihs.re.kr +82-31-380-0164

Contents
I. National Policies & Strategies for Low-Carbon Green Growth
Definition: Low-Carbon Green Growth National Policies & Strategies

II. Low-Carbon Green Growth Urban Planning

II-1. Urban Planning Guidelines II-2. Urban Planning Practices

III. Case Studies: Sosabeol District

IV. Planning Directions for Low-Carbon Green

KRIHS

National Policies & Strategies for Low-Carbon Green Growth

Definition: Low Carbon Green Growth National Strategies for Low-Carbon Green Growth

Low-Carbon Green Growth Statement

A vision statement on low-carbon green growth

made by president Lee (2008.08.15), followed by his attendance on G8 High-level Talks

Green Growth promotes a sustainable growth..... and a new paradigm generating dynamics of growth and creating new jobs. (15. Aug. 2009)
Green represents more than environment, and Growth is complements environment For us, Low-Carbon Green Growth is not an option, but an imperative. (29. Aug. 2009)

Regulatory Readiness - Concerning Green Land & Transportation, five strategies were developed for establishing a constituency of green growth
Strength
Regulatory reorganization & R&D works are under way Applications & convergence of IT & green growth are in blast (U-Eco city) Public funding on energy saving buildings (green home) Promotes and supports sustainable transportation (bicycle) As in initial stage, high effectiveness is expected when actions taken As with experiences in ecofriendly new town planning, mgmt. and operation will be expected to be highly effective (with less errors).

Weakness
Municipalities poor appreciation on green land and transportation Uncertainty of effectiveness of resources to be taken Inappropriate weather and natural conditions for bicycle rides

Directions
Low carbon green growth infrastructure for reducing greenhouse gas by reorganizing spatial structures and landscapes. Physical and institutional reorganization (eco spaces, programs, promotions..)

Strategies

Green Land & City

Enlarged Eco-Space

Unproven technologies & techniques National consensus on the government policies: peoples willingness or sympathy towards the policies

Green Constructions
Establishing standards for energyeffective green buildings, and promoting the constructions.

Green Transportation
Transforming the transportation system to low-carbon green system. Establishing a constitution for bicycle-friendly transportation environment and system.

Bicycle Riding
Sustainable Transportation

Opportunity

Threat

Carbon Reduction Goals Presidential Committee on Green Growth set the reduction goal (2020) of greenhouse gas, and Low-Carbon Green Growth Act takes into effect 13th April, 2010 Reduction Scenarios
900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100
Unit: million tons
Alt. 1 Alt. 2 Alt. 3

Aims 21% reduction against 2020 BAU Alt. 1 (8% higher than 2005 emission level)
Expand green home/buidings High-efficiency product incl. LED Transform transportation system to lower emission High-efficient process in industry Promote renewable & nuclear energy industry

813 594 298

642
8%

590
-

569
8%

Alt. 2 Aims 25% reduction against 2020 BAU (2005 emission level)
Focuses on hybrid vehicles & CO2 collection with same strategies suggested by Alt. 1

Alt. 3 Aims 30% reduction against 2020 BAU (4% lowered from 2005 emission level)
Focuses on electric vehicles and highefficient products with same strategies suggested by Alt. 2

1990

2005

2020

II

Urban Planning for Low-Carbon Green Growth

II-1. Urban Planning Guidelines II-2. Planning Cases

Urban Planning Guidelines for Low-Carbon Green Growth

Ministry of Land, Transportation and Maritime Affairs announced Urban Planning

Guidelines for Low-Carbon Green Growth.(July, 2009)

- Deals with standards, evaluation, predictions and countermeasures concerning the application of low-carbon green growth concepts to urban planning factors Overview of MLTMs Urban Planning Guidelines for Low-Carbon Green Growth
Institutional / regulatory foundation to deal with climate change influences on urban planning Reducing greenhouse gas by figuring out the current emission volumes Evaluating energy efficiency of plans on the land use unit basis Features : Time-Frame Target Measurability Feasibility

Seoul City Energy Consumption

Consumed Approx. 1.6 M TOE in 2007 (approx. 9% of national consumption) Home & commerce and transportation accounted for 86% (Represents the importance of urban and transportation planning)
Home & Commerce Public Use Public Use Industry Use

Industry Use Transportation Home & Commerce Transportation

< Nation >

< Seoul >

Seoul City GHG Reduction Goals

Aims to reduce 40% in 2030 against 1990 emission level
(1,000 tons) 70,000 60,000
Total Emission Reduction Goal

Volume Reduced

59,275

47,416
50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0

50,120
9,816

52,750
17,188 30,825

40%

40,304

35,562

28,450

1990

2015

2020

2030

Seoul City Strategies for Green Growth

Urban Structure & Land use
Public Transportation oriented urban structure Transit-oriented compact development Easy Commuting Pleasant living space Wind paths Green space expansion
Maintain Vitality of Urban Centers Secure Mobility

Household
Heating energy circulation Appropriate per capita area of housing site Eco-friendly construction Transform lifestyle
Secure life quality & freedom of residence

Sustainable Seoul for Green Growth

Commerce
Limit the areas of business use Secure business functionality

Introduction of eco-friendly construction

Introduction of IT (smart grid)

Transportation
Facilitate public transportation Improve efficiency of vehicle Reduce travel miles Urban structure for walkers and bicycle riders

Secure Investment

Secure productivity

Energy
From fossil fuel to natural energy Provides renewable energy

Industry
Transform the structure Transform the energy source Foster new businesses

Collective energy consumption (District heating system)

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KRIHS

III

Case Studies: Sosabeol District

Sosabeol District, Pyeongtaek

Ranges over Bijeon-dong, Jookbaek-dong and Dongsak-dong, Pyeong taek city, Gyunggi-Do Areas: approx. 3 million

Planned Population: 38,000 (13,312 households)

PojectPeriod: 2006.7 ~ 2011.12

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Sosabeol District, Pyeongtaek Features

World largest urban planning practice for renewable energy : a CDRM registered project Power generation (5% to total consumption) from renewable energy sources including solar heating, ground thermal heating and fuel cells Spatial clustering of waste processing facilities for efficient energy consumption Expand use of ecologically green spaces and water circulation system
Buildings / Facilities Housing Single housing Multi housing Schools Numbers 3,796 3,415 10,501 19,720 175 2,114 39,721 Solar Light 1,790 3,415 254 622 175 83 6,339 Solar Heat 2,006 224 483 2,713 Geothermal 10,023 18,615 28,638 Fuel Cell 2,031 2,031

Public Facility

Gov. Buildings Parks Information Centers Total Sum

Unit: MWH / Year per-year total generation up to 5.5% (4MWH) of total consumption

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Sosabeol District, Pyeongtaek Further Adoption of Eco System, Water Circulation System and Wind System
Expansion of green places Conservation, restoration, creation & enhancements

Green Space & Eco System

Secures water sources Maintain swampy places

Water Circulation System

Wind System

Wind paths through green places

Planting considering wind paths

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KRIHS

IV

Planning Directions for Low-Carbon Green Growth

Concept of Low-Carbon Green City

Land Use & Urban Structure
Complex land use for low-carbon urban structure Reducing Carbon By circulating water & resources & building waterfront space

Water Circulation

Ecosystem & Green Space

Reducing Carbon thru greening buildings & expanding green space Reducing Carbon Thru u-bike & green car

Green Transportation

Low-Carbon Energy System

Reducing Carbon based on renewable energies & green home
Railway Bus Bicycle Acess Complex Use Residential (High density) Residential (Low density)

Green Lifestyle
Reducing Carbon system Based on movements on green consumption & green start
Neighborhood Square District Square Waterfront

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3E Urban Conflict to Green Energy Revolution

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Thank You

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