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3)
Grammatical equivalence (chapter 4)
Textual equivalence (chapter 5, 6)
Pragmatic equivalence (chapter 7)
Form-based equivalence: (see Baker)
Equivalence at word, sentence, or text level
Meaning-based equivalence: (see Koller)
expression in SL
Information Technology = Công nghệ Thông tin
One-to-many equivalence
More than one TL expressions are equivalent to a
single SL expression.
To breed Tre
To feed Nứa
Nuôi To raise Bamboo Trúc
To keep Mai
So support Vầu
One-to-part-of-one equivalence
A TL expression covers part of a concept
designated by a single SL expression.
Rồng dragon
Bush Thảo nguyên
Nil equivalence
no TL expression is equivalent to a single SL
expression
Eg: Internet = “Mạng Internet”
B¸nh Chng = Chng cake/Banhchung
¸o dµi = aodai
Koller’s 5 types of equivalence:
Denotative equivalence
Connotative equivalence
Text-normative equivalence
Pragmatic / Dynamic equivalence
Formal equivalence
Denotative equivalence is one in which the SL
and TL words refer to the same thing in the
real world. This is the referential identity
between SL and TL units.
AIDS
Surgeon: A. Swan Bác sĩ phẫu thuật: A.
Assistant: Mr. Swan
Dickson Phụ tá: Ông Dickson
GA: Dr. Wood Gây mê tổng quát: Bác sĩ
Incisions: median Wood
sternotomy and Đường phẫu: rạch giữa
◦in correspondence