LLAS1C nDkCDNAMIC LU8kIC1AICN ( LnL )

SSL1nULINGAM A1nIAGAkAIAN
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ConLenLs
1 LubrlcaLlon 8eglmes
2 LPL undersLandlng
3 Where LPL ls needed ?
4 LPL ConLacL CeomeLry
3 LPL lllm 1hlckness Models
6 SofL Pard LPL
7 MerlLs uemerlLs of LPL
8 LxperlmenLal MeasuremenL
9 vldeo on LubrlcaLlon 8aslcs CharacLerlsLlcs AddlLlves
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Lubrication
e|aslorydro -
dyrar|c
ro|||rg oear|rg
rydroslal|c
s||d|rg oear|rg
rydrodyrar|c
s||d|rg oear|rg
Types
ol |uor|cal|or
8ear|rg lype
3crere
Corlacl area,
prol||e ol lre
|uor|cal|rg l||r
Pressure
d|slr|oul|or |r
lre |uor|cal|rg
l||r
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n addlLlon Lo full fluld fllm lubrlcaLlon and boundary lubrlcaLlon Lhere ls an
lnLermedlaLe mode of lubrlcaLlon called elasohydrodynamlc (LPu)
lubrlcaLlon
1hls phenomenon prlmarlly occurs on rolllngconLacL bearlngs and ln gears
where NCNCCNICkMING surfaces are sub[ecLed Lo very hlgh loads LhaL
musL be borne by small areas
1he surfaces of Lhe maLerlals ln conLacL momenLarlly deform e|ast|ca||y
under exLreme pressure Lo spread Lhe load
1he v|scos|ty of Lhe lubrlcanL momenLarlly |ncreases drasLlcally aL h|gh
pressure Lhus lncreaslng Lhe loadcarrylng ablllLy of Lhe fllm ln Lhe conLacL
area
EHD Lubrication
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Conformal and nonconformal Surfaces
ConIormal surIaces. NonconIormal surIaces.
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Lubr|cant out|et Lubr|cant |n|et
#o||er delorral|or
Luor|carl l||r
#aceWay delorral|or
lerlz|ar pressure d|slr|oul|or
El0 pressure
d|slr|oul|or
r
0
P
0
acc. lo lerlz
0
Lubrication
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lrlcLlon CoefflclenL for varlous LubrlcaLlon
CondlLlons
Bar diagram
showing friction
coefficient for
various
Iubrication
conditions.
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SLrlbeck Curve
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lrlcLlon vs lllm arameLer
igure 3.13 Variation of friction coefficient with film parameter.
[From Hamrock and Dowson (1981).]
ilm
parameter:
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riction
coefficients:
EHL Range
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eometry of contacting elastic solids. [From Hamrock and Dowson (1981).]
Two elastic bodies with corner surfaces in contact ( elliptical contact )
Two Elastic Bodies With One Convex and One lat Surface in Contact ( Elliptical contact )
Two Elastic Bodies With One Convex and One Concave surface ( Elliptical Contact)
Contact between Two Spheres ( circular contact )
Contact Between Sphere and a lat Surface (circular contact )
Contact Between Two parallel cylinders ( rectangular area )
Contact between two crossed cylinders with Equal Dimensions ( circular contact )
ontact area dimensions
Maximum and Average contact pressure
Maximum DefIection
Maximum Shear Stress
Depth at which maximum shear stress occurs
EHL ontact Geometry
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EIastic ontact Between Two Bodies
(a) Wheel on rail; (b) ball on plane; (c) ball-outer-race contact. [From Hamrock and Brewe (1983).]
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PerLz ConLacL Summary
Contact dimensions:
Maximum elastic deformation:
Effective elastic modulus:
Maximum
pressure:
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PerLzlan sLress equaLlons

#
-
6
@

#
,

# # #

4 4

5 5

,
7
5 7 5
-
5
5
2

@

6

,
5
5
2
6

!araIIeI yIinders - Line
ontact
Spheres - ircuIar point
contact
Dimensions of the contact
ReIative radius of curvature #
Reduced ModuIus E*
ontact pressure distribution, p
Mean contact pressure, p
m
Maximum contact pressure, p
0
hLLp//wwwLrlbologyabccom/defaulLhLm
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L|astohydrodynam|c |ubr|cat|on
ressure
d|str|but|on
ressure
d|str|but|on
ko|||ng
Squeeze
f||m
Load Load
Load Load
ko|||ng
Squeeze
f||m
1h|n f|u|d f||m h|gh pressures
kIGID 8LAkINGS
Larger area |ow pressures
ressure
d|str|but|on
ressure
d|str|but|on
DLICkMA8LL 8LAkINGS (L|astohydrodynam|c)
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nard Soft L|astohydrodynam|c Lubr|cat|on
Characteristics of hard
elastohydrodynamic lubrication
Characteristics of soft
elastohydrodynamic lubrication
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lllm 1hlckness Pard LPL
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lllm 1hlckness ln SofL LPL
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Jear kates for Lubr|cat|on keg|mes
Wear rates for various
lubrication regimes. [From
Beerbower (1972)].
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Mer|ts and Demer|ts of LnL
1rlbology Lab
Cb[ecLlves CharacLerlze elasLohydrodynamlc (LPu) lubrlcaLlon uslng an
opLlcal Lechnlque 1he sLudy lnvolves
MeasuremenL of Lhe lubrlcaLlng fllm Lhlckness as a funcLlon of
rolllng veloclLy
normal load
Comparlson of Lhe measured fllm Lhlckness wlLh a LheoreLlcal fllm Lhlckness (from
Lhe Pamrock uawson equaLlon)
LxperlmenLal SeLup
-
d
Class plaLe (connecLed
Lo moLor)
SLeel ball
LlghL
Source
MonlLor Camera
Loadlng
Mechanlsm
LlghL Source
ConLacL Area
llberopLlc
Cable
Camera
aperLure
condenser
Seml
reflecLlve
Surface
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LxperlmenLal SeLup (conL'd)

c
-
d
Lop vlew slde vlew
W(load)
lrlnge paLLern
Camera
LlghL
8eam

oll
fllm
glass
dlsc

-
d
rpm u rolllng veloclLy h fllm Lhlckness
8olllng veloclLy

/ .
7
:
6

Measured oll fllm Lhlckness

2

3
where
2 wavelengLh of llghL ln alr (600nm) - frlnge order
refracLlve lndex of oll (13) phase shlfL consLanL (01)

Iringes /ark .5,.5,

Iringes bright , , ,

exp
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LxperlmenLal rocedure obLaln Lhe followlng Lable for J16n J30n
ringe N Nd (rpm) Nd (rpm) u (m/s) h (nm) ht (nm)
fringe order trial 1 trial2 velocity experimental theoretical
Dark 0.5 2 2 80
Bright 1 180
Dark 1.5 280
Bright 2 380
Dark 2.5 480
Bright 3 580
Dark 3.5 680
Bright 4 780
measured
compuLed from -
d
- compuLed from
Pu equaLlon
1heoreLlcal 1hlckness h
L
1he Pamrock uawson LquaLlon
( .
5 . . .
& #
9

ball radlus J
*
dlmenslonless load parameLer
D
*
dlmenslonless speed parameLer
*
dlmenslonless maLerlal parameLer
L
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8esulLs resenLaLlon
Load 2 x (sprlng value Lare value)
Lx Lo geL W16n seL sprlng value Lo 112n
16 2 x (112 32)
(Lare 32n)
1heoreLlcal/LxperlmenLal Comparlson
0
-2
0
-
0
0
0
-8
0
-Z
0
-
#o| || rg ve| oc |l y (r/ s ec )
F
|
|
r

l
r
|
c
|
r
e
s
s
,

r

(
r
)
Corpar| s or ol l reorel |c a| ard ex per| rerl a| l| |r l r|c | res s
Treorel | c a| dal a, w =N
Ex per|rerl a| dal a, w =N
Treorel | c a| dal a, w =30N
Ex per|rerl a| dal a, w =30N
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Thank You
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8ear|ng C|ass|f|cat|on
Divisions of conformal fluid film
bearings.
Divisions of rolling-element
bearings.
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8oller 8earlngs
8oller bearlngs have hlgher load capaclLy Lhan ball bearlngs load ls
LransmlLLed Lhrough llne conLacL lnsLead of polnL conLacL
SLralghL cyllndrlcal roller
needle Lype
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8oller 8earlngs
1apered bearlngs
ueslgned Lo wlLhsLand hlgh radlal loads hlgh LhrusL loads and
comblned loads aL moderaLe Lo hlgh speeds 1hey can also wlLhsLand
repeaLed shock loads
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