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8lyanl Wlkanlngrum
8aglan Mlkroblologl
lku?
1op 1en S1u
Crgan|sm D|sease Comment 1reatment
aplllomavlruses
(Lypes 6 and 11
assoclaLed wlLh
vlslble genlLal
warLs)
CenlLal warLs
dysplaslas
1he commonesL of
all S1us assoclaLed
wlLh cancer of
cervlx penls eLc
odophyllln
cryoLherapy
cblomyJlo
ttocbomotls (uk
seroLypes)
nonspeclflc
ureLhrlLls
lncreaslng
lncldence
uoxycycllne
azlLhromycln
c ttocbomotls (L1
L2 L3 seroLypes)
Lymphogranuloma
venereum
Malnly Lroplcal
counLrles
uoxycycllne
LeLracycllne
eryLhromycln
cooJlJo olblcoos vaglnal Lhrush
balanlLls
very common
predlsposlng facLors
nysLaLln
fluconazole
1op 1en S1u
Crgan|sm D|sease Comment 1reatment
@tlcbomooos
voqloolls
vaglnlLls ureLhrlLls very common can
be asympLomaLlc
MeLronldazole
Perpes slmplex
vlrus Lypes 1 and 2
CenlLal herpes lncreaslng problem
of laLency and
reacLlvaLlon
Aclclovlr
valaclclovlr
famclclovlr
Nelssetlo
qooottboeoe
Conorrhea uecreaslng
lncldence ln
resourcerlch
counLrles
CefLrlaxone
clprofloxacln
Plv AluS lncldence
lncreaslng
worldwlde
nucleoslde
nucleoLlde and
nonnucleoslde
reverse
LranscrlpLase
lnhlblLors fuslon
lnhlblLors proLease
lnhlblLors
1op 1en S1u
Crgan|sm D|sease Comment 1reatment
@tepooemo
polllJom
Syphllls uecreaslng
lncldence ln
resourcerlch
counLrles
enlclllln
PepaLlLls 8 vlrus PepaLlLls 330 mllllon carrlers
worldwlde
Lamlvudlne
adefovlr lnLerferon
alpha
noemopbllos
Jocteyl
Chancrold Malnly Lroplcal LryLhromycln
cefLrlaxone
Lher S1u
Crgan|sm D|sease Comment 1reatment
colymmotoboctetlom
qtooolomotls
Cranuloma lngulnale 1roplcal uoxycycllne
azlLhromycln
5otcoptes scoblel CenlLal scables Common ermeLhrln cream
lbtbltos pobls edlculoses publs Common ermeLhrln
cream/shampoo
Mycoplosmo
uteoplosmo (1
sLralns)
nonspeclflc
ureLhrlLls
Less lmporLanL Lhan
chlamydla
uoxycycllne
azlLhromycln
LryLhromycln
CotJoetello voqloolls vaglnlLls AcLs LogeLher wlLh
anaerobes
MeLronldazole
Mlcrobes Lo combaL hosL defenses
ost defenses M|crob|a| strateg|es Lxamp|es
ComplemenL C3d recepLor on mlcrobe
blnds C3b/d and reduces
C3b/dmedlaLed
polymorph phagocyLosls
cooJlJo olblcoos
lnflammaLlon lnduce sLrong
lnflammaLory response yeL
evade consequences
Conococcus c olblcoos
PSv chlamydla
AnLlbodles (especlally lgA) roduce lgA proLease Conococcus
CellmedlaLed lmmune
response (1 cells
lymphoklnes naLural klller
cells eLc)
AnLlgenlc varlaLlon allows
relnfecLlon of a glven
lndlvldual wlLh an anLlgenlc
varlanL
oorly undersLood facLors
cause lneffecLlve cell
medlaLed lmmune
response
Conococcus chlamydla
paplllomavlruses (noL PSv
or @ polllJom)
@ polllJom Plv
ost defenses M|crob|a| strateg|es Lxamp|es
lnLegrlLy of mucosal
surface
Speclflc aLLachmenL
mechanlsm
Conococcus or chlamydla
Lo ureLhral eplLhellum
urlne flow (for ureLhral
lnfecLlon)
Speclflc aLLachmenL
lnduce own upLake and
LransporL across ureLhral
eplLhellal surface ln
phagocyLlc vacuole
Conococcus
lnfecLlon of ureLhral
eplLhellal or subeplLhellal
cells
Perpes slmplex vlrus (PSv)
chlamydla
hagocyLes (especlally
polymorphs)
lnduce negllglble
lnflammaLlon
@tepooemo polllJom
mechanlsm unclear
perhaps poorly acLlvaLes
alLernaLlve complemenL
paLhway due Lo slallc acld
coaLlng
8eslsL phagocyLosls Conococcus (capsule) @
polllJom(absorbed
flbronecLln)
SlllLlS
Splral rganlsms
am||y Genus Spec|es Subspec|es D|sease
5pltocboetoceoe @tepooemo polllJom lolllJom Syphllls
polllJom letteooe ?aws
cototeom lnLa
8ottello tecotteotls 8elapslng fever
botqJotfetl Lyme dlsease
leptospltoceoe leptosplto lotettoqoos (Serovar)
lctetoboemottbo
qloe
LepLosplrosls
(Wells dlsease)
Introduction
Pathogenic members of this genus
incIude:
- %5,idum
- %50rt0nu0
- %c,r,t0um
Introduction
Pathogenic treponemes are associated with
4 diseases :
1. VenereaI syphiIis -%5,idum5,idum
2. Yaws -%5,idum50rt0nu0
3. Endemic syphiIis (bejeI) - %5,idum
0nd0micum
4. Pinta - %c,r,t0um
1he Lreponemes responslble for Lhese dlseases cannoL be dlsLlngulshed
serologlcally morphologlcally or by genome analysls and Lhey have noL
been successfully culLlvaLed on arLlflclal medla
%r05on0m,!,idum
%hin
MotiIe
ExtremeIy fastidious
Survive onIy briefIy outside host
Not cuItivated successfuIIy on artificiaI
media
%r,nsmission
D|rect sexua| contact w|th u|cerat|ve |es|ons of
sk|n or mucous membranes
1rans p|acenta|
1yp|ca||y dur|ng second ha|f of pregnancy
As ear|y as 6 weeks of gestat|on
regnant w|th pr|mary or secondary syph|||s are more
||ke|y to transm|t the d|sease than those w|th |atent
(not c||n|ca||y apparent) d|sease
CannoL be spread Lhrough conLacL wlLh LolleL seaLs doorknobs swlmmlng pools
hoL Lubs baLhLubs shared cloLhlng or eaLlng uLenslls
Sp|rochetes Sp|rochetes
W Gram negative Gram negative
W W long, thin, helical, motile long, thin, helical, motile
W axial filaments axial filaments
locomotion locomotion
between peptidoglycan layer/outer membrane between peptidoglycan layer/outer membrane
runs parallel runs parallel
@ polllJom
naLural PlsLory of unLreaLed Syphllls
Cllnlcal resenLaLlon of Syphllls
Syph|||s Syph|||s
chron|c chron|c
s|ow|y progress|ve s|ow|y progress|ve
Syphllls rlmer
% f|uorescence m|croscopy
ant|body sta|n|ng
1es Serologl unLuk Slfllls
1est
Cond|t|ons assoc|ated w|th fa|sepos|t|ve
resu|ts
nonspeclflc (nonLreponemal)
vu8L
88
vlral lnfecLlon collagen vascular dlsease
acuLe febrlle dlsease posLlmmunlzaLlon
pregnancy leprosy malarla drug mlsuse
Speclflc (nonLreponemal)
l1AA8S
1A
1PA
ulseases assoclaLed wlLh lncreased or
abnormal globullns lupus eryLhemaLosus
Lyme dlsease auLolmmune dlsease
dlabeLes melllLus alcohollc clrrhosls vlral
lnfecLlons drug mlsuse and pregnancy
88
A deflnlLe clumplng of Lhe charcoal parLlcles ls reporLed as
react|ve (k)
no clumplng ls reporLed as nonreact|ve (N)
Auto|mm|nty Auto|mm|nty
card|o||p|n card|o||p|n
se|f ant|gen se|f ant|gen
-eisserio qonorrhoeoe
NLISSLkIA NLISSLkIA
Smear Smear
po|ymorphonuc|ear ce|| po|ymorphonuc|ear ce||
Gram negat|ve cocc| Gram negat|ve cocc|
many |n ce||s many |n ce||s
Sedlaan langsung sekreL