Human Resource Management (HRM) is the function within an organization that focuses on recruitment , management and providing direction

for the people who work in the organization.

HR - human resources Element within a company which deals with the human aspects/needs of workers. Some who work in HR are considered part of the department, but many people outside of such a department may have something to do with, not just the financial aspects of work, but also the human element of employing workers.

Human Resource Development (HRD) is the framework for helping employees develop their personal and organizational skills, knowledge, and abilities. Human Resource Development includes such opportunities as employee training, employee career development, performance management and development, coaching, mentoring, succession planning, key employee identification, tuition assistance, and organization development.

HR ACCOUNTING: Method to measure the effectiveness of personnel management activities and the use of people in an organization.

HR AUDIT: A periodic measurement of human resources effectiveness, conducted by internal staff or with the use of an HR audit system

HUMAN RESOURCE INFORMATION SYSTEM (HRIS): Business software systems that assist in the management of human resource data (e.g. payroll, job title, candidate contact information).

ATTRITION: A term used to describe voluntary and involuntary terminations, deaths, and employee retirements that result in a reduction to the employers physical workforce. ABSENTEEISM POLICY : A policy about attendance requirements, scheduled and unscheduled time off, and measures for dealing with workplace absenteeism. Repeated absenteeism can lead to termination.

Apprenticeship : It is a combination of on-the-job training (OJT) and related classroom instruction under the supervision of a journey-level craft person or trade professional in which workers learn the practical and theoretical aspects of a highly skilled occupation. After completing an apprenticeship program, the worker's journey-level status provides an additional benefit of nationwide mobility at journey level scale.

Bonus :

The additional money usually arrives in the form of a bonus, a supplemental payment not considered a regular part of an employee's salary. A bonus may be given to employees who reach a specified production goal, or to sales executives who exceed an established quota.

Benchmarking :
Is the process of comparing one's business processes and performance metrics to industry bests and/or best practices from other industries. Dimensions typically measured are quality, time and cost. Improvements from learning mean doing things better, faster, and cheaper. Conglomerate:

Is a combination of two or more corporations engaged in entirely

different businesses together into one corporate structure, usually involving a parent company and several (or many) subsidiaries. Often, a conglomerate is a multi-industry company. Conglomerates are often large and multinational.

Collective bargaining is a process of negotiations between employers and the representatives of a unit of employees aimed at reaching agreements which regulate working

conditions. Collective agreements usually set out wage

scales, working hours, training, health and safety, overtime, grievance mechanisms and rights to participate in

workplace or company affairs.

Career planning incorporates short-term and long-term career goals, personal goals and constraints.

CHANGE MANAGEMENT
Change management is a structured approach to shifting/transitioning individuals, teams, and organizations from a current state to a desired future state. It is an organizational process aimed at empowering employees to accept and embrace changes in their current business environment.

Compensation is a systematic approach to provide monetary value to employees in exchange for work performed. Compensation may achieve several purposes assisting in recruitment, job performance, and job satisfaction.

Competency mapping

is a process through which one

assesses and determines ones strengths as an individual worker and in some cases, as part of an organization. It generally examines two areas: emotional intelligence or emotional quotient (EQ), and strengths of the individual in areas like team structure, leadership, and decision-making

A demotion is a reduction in an employee's rank or job title within the organizational hierarchy of a company, public service department, or other body The opposite of a demotion is a promotion.

Empowerment: Giving employees the resources, skills and authority necessary to share power with management and make decisions.

Employees are then held accountable for their decisions

and rewarded if appropriate

Knowledge Management (KM) comprises a range of strategies and

practices used in an organization to identify, create, represent, distribute,

and enable adoption of insights and experiences.

Knowledge Management is the collection of processes that govern the

creation, dissemination, and utilization of knowledge.

Practitioners have included philosophers, priests, teachers, politicians, scribes, Liberians, etc.

Internship is a system of on-the-job training for white-collar jobs, similar to an apprenticeship. Interns are usually college or university students, but they can also be high school students or post graduate adults seeking skills for a new career An internship may be either paid, unpaid or partially paid (in the form of a stipend). Paid internships are most common in the medical, architecture, science, engineering, law, business (especially accounting and finance), technology and advertising fields

Job analysis: The process of gathering information about the requirements and necessary skills of a job in order to create a job description.

Job Description: A written statement that explains the responsibilities and qualifications of a given job, based on a job analysis. The job description usually includes specific required tasks as well as an overview of the position and whom the

employee reports to description

Layoff also called redundancy in the UK, is the temporary suspension or permanent termination of employment of an employee or a group of employees for business reasons, such as when certain positions are no longer necessary or when a business slow-down occurs

Mentoring is a process for the informal transmission of knowledge, social capital, and the psychosocial support perceived by the recipient as relevant to work, career, or professional development Mentoring entails informal communication, usually faceto-face and during a sustained period of time, between a person who is perceived to have greater relevant knowledge, wisdom, or experience (the mentor) and a person who is perceived to have the less (the protg).

Negotiation:

Bargaining between two or more parties with the goal of reaching consensus
or resolving a problem.

Nepotism: Preferential hiring of relatives and friends, even though others might be

more qualified for those positions

Orientation: Introducing new hires to the organization and its policies, benefits and culture. Training and familiarization with each department are sometimes included.

Redundancy: Eliminating jobs or job categories as they become unnecessary to the functioning of an organization Total Remuneration: An employees complete annual pay package, including benefit and pension plans, bonuses,

incentives, and pay checks.

Outsourcing or sub-servicing often refers to the process of contracting to a third-party. Outsourcing is usually the term used when a company takes a part of its business and gives that part to another company. In recent times, the terms has been most commonly used for technology related initiatives such as handing over the IT help-desk to a third-party. But it can also refer to nontechnical services such as handing over the telephone-based customer service department.

The advancement of an employee from one job position to another job position that has a higher salary range, a higher level job title, and, often, more and higher level job responsibilities, is called a promotion.

An open form of management where employees have a strong decision-making role. Participative management is developed by managers who actively seek a strong cooperative relationship with their employees. The advantages of participative management include increased productivity, improved quality, and reduced costs

QWL can be define as "The quality of relationship between employees and the total working environment. QWL is a process by which an organization responds to employee needs for developing mechanisms to allow them to share fully in making the decisions that design their lives at work.

Recruitment: The process of finding and hiring the

best-qualified candidate for a position

Retrenchment is something akin to downsizing. Although retrenchment is most often used in countries throughout the world to refer to layoffs, it can also label the more general tactic of cutting back and downsizing.

Something given or received in recompense for worthy behaviour or in retribution for evil acts. Money offered or given for some special service, such as the return of a lost article or the capture of a criminal.

A satisfying return or result; profit.

Psychologically the return for performance of a desired behaviour; positive reinforcement.

Reengineering is the fundamental rethinking and radical redesign of business processes to achieve dramatic improvements in critical contemporary measures of performance such as: cost quality service speed

Succession planning is a process for identifying and developing internal people with the potential to fill key leadership positions in the company.

Succession planning increases the availability of experienced and

capable employees that are prepared to assume these roles as they become available.

Socialization is a term used by sociologists, social psychologists, anthropologists, politicians and educationalists to refer to the process of inheriting norms, customs and ideologies. It may provide the individual with the skills and habits necessary for participating within their own society; a society develops a culture through a plurality of shared norms, customs, values, traditions, social roles, symbols and languages. Socialization is thus means by which social and cultural continuity are attained

A whistleblower is a person who tells the public or someone in

authority about alleged dishonest or illegal activities (misconduct) occurring in a government department, a public or private organization, or a company.

The alleged misconduct may be classified in many ways: example:

A violation of a law, rule, regulation

A direct threat to public interest, such as fraud, violations, and corruption health/safety

Performance Appraisal:
A periodic review and evaluation of an individual's job performance

The 360 appraisal is that the appraisal given peers,

subordinates, workers, head of the department etc that means the

appraisal given from all the people working in the organization is 360 degree appraisal.

The half yearly report or yearly report of work schedule goes from the company to the headquarters of all the workers performance is the appraisal it contains all the demotion, promotion and other activities related to the performance.