f(t)t0

[f ( t )] 0 f ( t )est dt F(s)
s
sj
F(s)
f(t)

t
f
(
t
)
e
dt
0
s
f(t)est0f(t)
f(t)ttf(t)


f(t)t0
t0t0
f(t)t0
t0t0
[f (t)] 0 f (t)est dt F(s)

[f ( t)] 0 f ( t)est dt F(s)

f(t)F(s)
F(s) f(t)
1

f(t)1[F(s)]


u(t)
u(t)
t0
0
u( t )
t0
1
st
1
e

st
u(t) [ u( t )] 0 1 e st dt
0 e d( st )
s
s 0
1
1
1
st
s0
(lim
e

e
)

(
0

1
)

s t
s
s
u(t)f(t)1f(t)1t0
u(t)
a(a)

a
[au(t)]a[u(t)]
s

eateat(a)

[e ] 0 e e dt 0 e
at

at

st

( s a ) t

1
1
( s a ) t
dt
e

0
(s a )
sa

sint

[sin t ] 0 (sin t )e st dt

at
e
at
[a sin bt b cos bt ]
e sin btdt 2
2
a b

e( s ) t

[( s) sin t cos t ]0 2
[sint]
2
2
( s)
s 2


cost

[cost] 0 (cos t )est dt

at
e
at
e
[a cos bt b sin bt ]
cos btdt 2
2
a b

e( s ) t
s

[( s) cos t sin t ]0 2
[cost]
2
2
( s)
s 2

ejcosjsin
ejcosjsin

e j e j
e j e j
sin
cos
2j
2

e jt e jt
[sint]
{[ejt][ejt]}

2j

1
1
1
1
2 j
2
[

]
2
2
2
2 j s j s j 2 j [s ( j) ] s 2
cost

e jt e jt
s
ejt][ejt]}
[cost]
{[

2
s 2 2

e e
e e
sinh
cosh
2
2

e t e t 1 1
1

] 2
[sinht]
2

2
2
s

e t e t 1 1
1
s
[

] 2
[cosht]

2
2

2 s s s

[tn]
[tn] 0 ( t n )est dt
stust[u/s]dt[du/ds]
u n u du 1 n u
0 ( s ) e s 0 s n1 u e du
1 n u
1 ( n 1)1 u
u
e
du

u
e du
n 1 0
n 1 0
s
s

[tn]

(n) 0 t n1e t dt

( n 1)
[tn] n 1
s

(n)

8-1

(a)f(t)2(b)f(t)e3t(c)f(t)sin2t(d)f(t)cosh5t
(e)f(t)t3
[]
2
1
3t
(a)F(s)[2]
(b)F(s)[e ]
s

s3

2
2
2
(c)F(s)[sin2t] 2
2
s 2
s 4

s
s
(d)F(s)[cosh5t] 2 2 2
s 5 s 25

(e)F(s)[t3]

3! 6
4
31
s
s

8-2
f(t)3+5e-7t+2t4
[]F(s)[3+5e-7t+2t4][3][5e-7t]+[2t4]
1
1
4!
( 3 ) (5
) ( 2 41 )
s
s7
s
3
5
48
5

s s7 s

8-3
f(t)cos(3t+)
[]F(s)[cos(3t+)]
[cos3tcossin3tsin]
cos[cos3t]sin[sin3t]
cos

s
3

sin

s 2 32
s 2 32

1
(s cos 3 sin )
2
s 9

8-4
6
F(s) 2 f(t)
s 7

[]f(t)1[F(s)]1[
1[

6
]
s2 7

6
7
6
2
]
sin 7t
2
7 [s ( 7 ) ]
7

8-5
6
3s
2
F(s)
f(t)
s 2 s 15

[]f(t)1[F(s)]1[
61[

3s
6
1
] [ 2
]
s 15
s2

1
s
1
]3 [ 2
2]
s2
s ( 15 )

6e-2t3cos 15 t

8-6
5
F(s) 3 f(t)
s
5
[]f(t)1[F(s)]1[ 3 ]
s
t 31
5 2 5 2
5
t t
(3) 2!
2

f1(t)f2(t)F1(s)F2(s)
k1k2
[k1f1(t)k2f2(t)]k1[f1(t)]k2[f2(t)]k1F1(s)k2F2(s)
k1k21
[f1(t)f2(t)][f1(t)][f2(t)]F1(s)F2(s)

k20[k1f1(t)]k1[f1(t)]


st
s[f(t)]F(s)
[f(t)]ssaF(sa)
[eatf(t)][f(t)]ssaF(sa)
a
f(t)eatF(sa)f(t)
F(s)sa8-1
f(t)eatf(t)
sas

[eatf(t)][f(t)]ss+aF(sa)
1[F(s)]f(t)1[F(sa)]f(t)

8-1 s

8-7
f(t)e2tcos6t
[]
s
s

[cos6t] 2 2 2
s 6

[e2tcos6t]

s 36

s2
(s 2) 2 36

8-8
2s 9
F(s) 2
f(t)
s 4s 13

[] F(s)

2s 9
2( s 2 ) 5

s 2 4s 13 (s 2) 2 32

3
s2
5

2
2
(s 2) 2 33
(
s

2
)

3
3

f(t)1[F(s)]2e-2tcos3t(5/3)e-2tsin3t
e-2t[2cos3t(5/3)sin3t]

8-9
f(t)eattn
[]
( n 1)
n
[t ] n 1
s

( n 1)
s n 1

[eattn][tn]ssa

s s a

( n 1)
(s a ) n 1


stf(t)
ta(a0)tf(ta)f(t)a
8-2

8-2 t


[f(t)]F(s)
[f(ta)u(ta)]eas[f(t)]easF(s)

[f(t)u(ta)]eas[f(t+a)]
8-3eas

8-3 t

8-10
8-4

8-4 8-10

8-10()
[]8-10
sin( t )
f (t)
0

t
t

f(t)sin(t)u(t)

[f(t)]es[sint] e s

1
e s
2
2
s 1 s 1

8-11
8-5

8-5 8-11
[]8-58-6

8-6 8-5

8-11()
8-6f(t)u(ta)u(tb)

1
1 1 as
as
bs
as
bs
(
e

(
e

) (e e bs )
[f(t)]e [1]e [1]
s
s s
a0ba8-7

1
as
[f(t)] (1 e )
s

8-7

[f(t)]F(s)
1 s
[f(at)] F( )
a a

(s0)

8-12
1
[f(t)]
s(1 0.2s)
[]

[f(2t)]

1
1
1
[f(2t)]

2 ( s )[1 0.2( s )] s(1 0.1s)

2
a

f(t)[f(t)]F(s)t0f(0)

[f(t)]sF(s)f(0)
f(t)
f(t)

[f(t)]s[f(t)]f(0)

[f(t)]s[sF(s)f(0)]f(0)s2F(s)sf(0)f(0)
f(t)
[f(t)]s3F(s)s2f(0)sf(0)f(0)
f(t)n
[fn(t)]snF(s)sn1f(0)sn2f(0)sn3f(0)
s2f(n3)(0)sf(n2)(0)f(n1)(0)
f(n1)(0)f(t)(n1)


f(t)t0

f(0)f(0)f(0)

[fn(t)]snF(s)sn1f(0)sn2f(0)sn3f(0)
s2f(n3)(0)sf(n2)(0)f(n1)(0)

[fn(t)]snF(s)sn1f(0)sn2f(0)sn3f(0)
s2f(n3)(0)sf(n2)(0)f(n1)(0)

8-13
f(t)tsintf(0)0f(0)0
[]f(t)tsint f(t)sinttcost
f(t)2cost2tsint f(0)0f(0)0
[f(t)]s2F(s)sf(0)f(0)
[2cost2tsint]s2[tsint]s00
s
2

2 2
[tsint]s2[tsint]
2
s
2 s
2s
2
2
(s )[tsint] 2
[tsint] 2
2
s
(s 2 ) 2

8-14
(t)u(t)[(t)]
[](t)
d
( t ) [ u ( t )]
dt
u(t)t0u(t)t0t0
(t)t0

[(t)] [

d
)s 1 10
=s[u(t)]u(0
u(t )]
( )
s
dt

8-14()
t0
[(t)] [

d
u ( t )]s[u(t)]u(0)s ( 1 )01
dt
s

t0
t0
t0

[(t)]1


f(t)

[ 0t f ( )d]

F(s)
s

f(t)f(t)s
(1/s)
00
[at f ()d] [a0 f ()d] [0t f ()d]
n
t

[ 0 0 0 f ( )dd dud ]

1
F(s)
n
s

8-15
f ( t ) / cos d[f(t)]
[]
t

1
s
s
1
s
1 1
[ 2
]

[
( sin t ) 0 / ]
2
s s
s
1
1
1
2

(
0

0
)

s 2 s
s 2 2

1 0
[ / cos d] [cost] [ / cos d]
t

8-16
f(t)13e3t[a f ()d ]
[]
[ at f ()d][at (1 3e3 )d]
1 0
3
[13e3t][ [ a (1 3e ) ]
t

1
3 3
3t
[

e ]
{[1][3e ]}
s
3
a

1 1
3
1
[
] [ 1 (a e 3a )]
s s s3 s
1 (s 3) 3s 1
[
] [ 1 a e 3a ]
s s(s 3)
s
4s 3 1 3a
2
(e 1 a )
s (s 3) s

8-17
r(t)tu(t)

[]

r( t ) u()d

u()d 0
0

1
1
t
[r(t)][0 u()d ] [u(t)] 2
s

f(t)tf(t)

d
d
[tf(t)] [f(t)] F(s)
ds
ds

n
F(n)(s)(1)n[tnf(t)]

8-18
f(t)tsint
[]
d

[tsint] ds [sint]
d

d 2
2 1
[ 2
]

[(
s

) ]
2
ds s
ds
d
2s
[(s 2 2 ) 2 (s 2 2 )] 2
ds
(s 2 ) 2

8-19
nf(t)tneatf(t)tn
[]f(t)tneatn1
d
d
1
1
[teat] [eat] [
]
ds
ds (s a ) (s a ) 2
n2
d
d
1
2
]

[t2eat] [teat] [
ds
ds (s a ) 2
(s a ) 3
n3
d
d
2
6
]

[t3eat] [t2eat] [
ds
ds (s a )3
(s a ) 4
nn
n!
n!
n
at
[t e ]
n 1
(s a )
(
s

a
)
a0tneattn
n!
[tn] n 1
s
n 1


[f(t)]F(s)

f (t)

] s F( )d
[
t
f (t)
1 s F()d
t

f (t)
] s[f(t)]ds
[
t

8-20
sin

t
[
]
t

sin t
[] [
] s [sin]d s 2 2 d
t

1 s
1 s
tan
tan
cot
s 2

(1/t)
(1/s)

t
(d/ds)
s(d/dt)

f(t)f(tnT)
Tn
(n1,2,3,)

8-8


f(t)

1
T
st
[f(t)]
f
(
t
)
e
dt
Ts 0
1 e
1

Ts [f1(t)]
1 e

(s0)

f1(t)f(t)0T

8-21
8-9

8-9 8-21

8-21()
[]8-92T
f1(t)u(t)2u(tT)u(t2T)

1
1
[f(t)]
[f (t)]
[u(t)2u(tT)u(t2T)]
1 e 2 Ts
1 e 2 Ts 1
1 1 Ts 2
(1 e Ts ) 2
2 Ts 1

e
e

2 Ts

1 e s
s
s s(1 e 2 Ts )
(1 e Ts ) 2
(1 e Ts ) 1
Ts

tanh
s(1 e Ts )(1 e Ts ) s(1 e Ts ) s
2

8-22
8-10f(t)

8-10 8-22
[]8-10(/)

f1 ( t ) sin t[ u ( t ) u ( t )]

8-22()

[f(t)]
[f1(t)]

s
s
1 e
1 e

1
1 e
1
1 e
1

{sin

t
[
u
(
t
)

u
(
t

)]}

[sin

(
t

)]}

2
2
s s

{ 2

e
[sint]}

2
s s

1 e

( 2
e

2
s s

1 e

)
( 2
)

2
2
2

s
s
s
1 e

8-23
8-11

8-11 8-23
[]8-11
f(t)(t)(tT)(t2T)

8-23()

1
1 e Ts

[f(t)]1eTse2Ts

1
1
1
[f(t)]
[f1(t)]
[(t)]
Ts
Ts
1 e
1 e
1 e Ts

8-12

8-12


F(s)
P(s) a ms m a m1s m1 a 1s a 0
F(s)

Q(s) b ns n b n 1s n1 b1s b0

P(s)F(s)sF(s)0Q(s)
F(s)sF(s)
F(s)snmF(s)nmF(s)
F(s)

F(s) c mn s mn c 2s 2 c1s c o

P1 (s)
Q(s)

[P1(s)/Q(s)]F(s)
[cmnsmnc2s2c1sc0]

1[F(s)]a0(t)a1(t)a2(t)an(n)(t)


Q(s)Q(s)

(1)Q(s)(sa)Q(s)

Q(s)(sa)(sb)(sc)
(2)Q(s)(sa)Q(s)

Q(s)(sa)n(sb)(sc)
(3)Q(s)[s(ajb)][s(ajb)]
[(sa)2b2]Q(s)
Q(s)[(sa)2b2](sc)(sd)
(4)Q(s)Q(s)
Q(s)[(sa)2b2]n(sc)(sd)


Q(s)(sa)
P(s)
P(s)
F(s)

Q(s) (s a )(s b)(s c)

A
B
C
A

M(s)
sa sb sc
sa
M(s)(sa)
(sa)
P(s)
(s a ) A M(s)(s a )
Q(s)
sa
P (s)
A0
Q(s) /( s a ) sa

P(s)
A
Q(s) /( s a ) sa

P (s )
B
Q(s) /( s b) sb

P (s )
C
Q(s) /( s c) sc

1[F(s)]AeatBebtCect

P(s )
P(s )
e at
e bt
Q(s) /(s a ) sa
Q(s) /( s b)

8-24
s2 4
1[F(s)]
F(s) 3

s 3s2 2s
[]F(s)
s2 4
s2 4
A
B
C
F(s) 3

s 3s2 2s s(s 1)(s 2) s (s 1) (s 2)

2
2
2
s

4
s

4
s
4
0t
t
1[F(s)]
e
e
e 2 t
(s 1)(s 2) s0
s(s 2) s1
s(s 1) s2
2 5e t e 2 t


Q(s)(sa)n

P (s )
P(s )

Q(s) (s a ) n (s b)(s c)
A
A2
An
B
C
1

2
n
s a (s a )
(s a ) s b s c
A
A2
An
1

M (s )
2
n
s a (s a )
(s a )

F(s)

(sa)n

P( s )
(s a ) n A1 (s a ) n A 2 (s a ) n 2
Q(s)
A n 1 (s a ) A n M(s)(s a ) n


P( s )
n
n 2

A
(
s

a
)

A
(
s

a
)

1
2
n
Q(s) /(s a )
A n 1 (s a ) A n M(s)(s a ) n

P(s)
H (s )
n
Q(s) /(s a )

H (a )
saH(a)An A n
0!
H(s)
H ' (s) A1 ( n 1)( s a ) n 2 A 2 ( n 2)(s a ) n 3
d
2A n 2 (s a ) A n 1 [ M (s)(s a ) n ]
ds
saH(a)An1 A n 1 H ' (a )
1!


H(s)

H' ' (s) A1 ( n 1)( n 2)(s a ) n3 A 2 ( n 2)( n 3)(s a ) n4

d2
2A n2 2 [ M(s)(s a ) n ]
ds

sa H(a)2An2
H ' ' (a )
A n 2
2!
H(a)32An3
H ' ' ' (a )

A n 3

3!

H(n1)(a)(n1)(n2)(3)(2)A1
H ( n1) (a )

A
1

( n 1)!

1[F(s)]1[

A1
A2
A n1
An

] 1[M(s)]
2
n 1
n
(s a ) (s a )
(s a )
(s a )

t
t2
t n 2
t n1
[A1 A 2 A 3 A n1
An
]e at +1[M(s)]
1!
2!
( n 2)!
( n 1)!
H ( n1) (a ) t 0 H ( n2 ) (a ) t
H ' (a ) t n 2
H(a ) t n1
[

]eat1[M(s)]
( n 1)! 0! ( n 2)! 1!
1! ( n 2)!
0! ( n 1)!

8-25
s 2 4s 2
1[F(s)]
F(s)

(s 1) 3 (s 2)

[](s+1)3(s2)

s 2 4s 2
H (s )

(s 2 )

s1
H ( 1)

5
A3
3

s2 4s 6
H ' (s )
(s 2 ) 2
s1
1
H ' ( 1) A 2
9

8-25()
H ' ' (s )

20
(s 2 ) 3

s1
H" ( 1)

20
A1
27

(s2)
P (s )
s 2 4s 2
10
B

Q(s) /( s b) sb
(s 1) 3 s2 27

F(s)

( 20 / 27) ( 1 / 9) (5 / 3) (10 / 27)

(s 1)
(s 1) 2 (s 1) 3 (s 2)

8-25()
1[F(s)]1 [

( 20 / 27) ( 1 / 9) (5 / 3) (10 / 27)

]
2
3
(s 1)
(s 1) (s 1)
(s 2 )

10 t 1 t 5 2 t 10 2 t
e te t e e
27
9
6
27
10 1
5 2 t 10 2 t
[ t t ]e e
27 9 6
27


Q(s)[s(ajb)][s(ajb)]
[(sa)2b2]
P (s )
P(s)
F(s)

Q(s) [(s a ) 2 b 2 ](s c)(s d )

As B
C
D

2
2
(s a ) b s c s d
As B

M (s )
2
2
(s a ) b

P(s)
[(s a ) 2 b2 ] ( As B) M(s)[( s a ) 2 b2 ]
Q(s)


P(s)
2
2

(
As

B
)

M
(
s
)[(
s

a
)

b
]
2
2
Q(s) /[( s a ) b ]

P(s)
H(s)
2
2
Q(s) /[( s a ) b ]

sajb(8-75)
H(ajb)A(ajb)B0(aAB)jbArji
r(aAB)sajbH(s)i
bAsajbH(s)A(i/b)

A(s a ) aA B
As B
1[M(s)]1
[
] 1[M(s)]
]
2
2
2
2
(s a ) b
(s a ) b

1[F(s)]1[

i
(s a ) r b
1 i (s a ) r b
1[M(s)]1[
] 1[M(s)]
]
1[ b

2
2
2
2
b (s a ) b
(s a ) b
sa
b
r 1
i 1
1[M(s)]
[
]

[
2
2
2
2 ]
(s a ) b
(s a ) b
b
b
1 at
1 at
e cos bt r e sin bt 1[M(s)]
b
b

eat
( cos bt r sin bt ) 1[M(s)]
b


[(sa)2b2]
eat
( cos bt r sin bt )
b
Q(s)[(sa)2b2]F(s)

As B
Ms N

2
2 2
[(s a ) b ] (s a ) 2 b2

8-26
F(s)

s2
1[F(s)]
2
2
(s 1) (s 2s 2)

[](s1)2f1(t)
s2
H(s) 2
(s 2s 2)
s1
3
52
s 4s 2
H' (s) 2
(s 2s 2) 2
H (1)

s1
H ' (1)

7
25

8-26()
(s1)2
f1 ( t ) (

7 3 t
t )e
25 5

(s22s2)f2(t)
(s22s2)(s1)21
H(s)
s2
H(s)
(s 1) 2

s2
H(s) s1 j
(s 1) 2

7
1
r i
25
25

s 1 j

1
7
j
25
25

8-26()

7
1
f 2 (t ) e ( cos t sin t )
25
25
t

1[F(s)]f1(t)f2(t)
(

7 3 t
7
1
t )e e t ( cos t sin t )
25 5
25
25

d2x
dx

4
3x e 2 t
2
dt
dt
x(0)1x(0)2
2
d x
dx
[ 2 4 3x ] [e2t]
dt
dt

1
[s 2 X (s) sx (0) x ' (0)] 4[sX (s) x (0)] 3X (s)
s2

1
[s 2 X (s) s 2] 4[sX (s) 1] 3X (s)
s2


X(s)

s 2 8s 13
X(s)
(s 1)(s 2)(s 3)

3
1
1
X(s)

(s 1) (s 2) (s 3)

x(t)
x(t)3ete2te3t


RLC(8-13)

8-13 RLC
KVLRLCi(t)

di( t )
1 t
Ri (t ) L
v C (0) 0 i()d vS ( t )
dt
C

RI (s) L[sI(s) i(0)]

v C (0) 1
I(s) VS (s)
s
sC

I(s)
si(0) [ v C (0)] / L
(s / L)
I(s) 2
VS (s) 2
s (R / L)s (1/ LC)
s (R / L)s (1/ LC)

(1)vS(t)

(2)

(3)vS(t)
I(s)


f(t)F(s)
lim f ( t ) f (0 ) lim sF(s)
t 0

f(t)f(t)f(t)f(t)
f(t) f(t)
lim f ' ( t ) f ' (0 ) lim s [f(t)] lim s[sF(s) f (0 )]
s
t 0
s

lim [s 2 F(s) sf (0 )]
s

s[s 2 F(s) sf (0 ) f ' (0 )]

lim f ' ' ( t ) f ' ' (0 ) lim s [f(t)] lim
s
t 0

3
2

lim
[
s
F
(
s
)

s
f
(
0
)

sf
'
(
0
)]
s

f(t)


f(t)
F(s)

a1 a 2 a 3
a
2 3 nn
s s
s
s

f(t)t0+
f(0+)a1
f(0+)a2
f(0+)a3

f(n1)(0+)an

8-27
2
d
2
d
F(s)
[f ( t )] 2 [f ( t )] t0+
2
dt
s(s 2s 2)
dt

[]

2
f (0 ) lim sF(s) lim 2
0
s
s s(s 2s 2)

f ' (0 ) lim
[
s

2s
0] 0
2
s 2s 2

2s 2
f " (0 ) lim [ 2
0 0] 2
s
s 2s 2


F(s)f(t)
(F(s))
(s0
)
lim f ( t ) f () lim sF(s)
t

s0

8-28
t

2
(a) F(s) s 2
(b) F(s)
s3
s(s 1)

3s 2 6s 2
(c) F(s)
s(s 2 4)

[](a)F(s)s0s1

(s 2)
lim f ( t ) f () lim s
2
t
s0 s(s 1)
(b)F(s)s3
F(s)

f(t)1[F(s)]2e3t lim f ( t )
t

8-28()

2
lim f ( t ) f () lim s
0
t
s0 (s 3)

(c)F(s)s2j

f(t)1[F(s)]

1 7
cos 2 t 3 sin 2 t
2 2

f ( t )
lim
t
3s 2 6s 2
1
lim f ( t ) f () lim s

t
s0
s2 4
2

8-14(a)v(t)
8-14(b)V(s)[v(t)]
8-15(a)i(t)
8-15(b)I(s)
[i(t)]

8-14
(a)(b)

8-15
(a)(b)


i(t)-v(t) v(t)Ri(t)
V(s)RI(s)
8-16

8-16 (a)(b)


i(0)i(t)-v(t)
v(t) L

di( t )
dt

1 t
i( t ) 0 v()d i(0)
L

V(s)sLI(s)Li(0)

V(s) i(0)
I(s)

sL
s
8-178-17(b)
8-17(c)L
sL

8-17 (a)(b)
(c)


v(0)i(t)-v(t)
v( t)

1 t
0 i( )d v (0)
C

dv ( t )
i( t ) C
dt

I(s) v(0)
V(s)

sC
s

I(s)sCV(s)Cv(0)
8-188-18(b)
8-1(c)C
(1/sC)

8-18 (a)(b)
(c)


8-19(a)i(t)v(t)

di ( t )
di ( t )
v 1 ( t ) L1 1 M 2
dt
dt
di ( t )
di ( t )
v 2 (t) M 1 L2 2
dt
dt
8-20(b)IV

V1(s)sL1I1(s)L1i1(0)sMI2(s)Mi2(0)
V2(s)sM1I1(s)Mi1(0)sL2I2(s)L2i2(0)
i1(0)i2(0)

8-19 (a)(b)

8-29
8-20

8-20 8-29

8-29()
[]8-218-20

8-21 8-01

8-29()
8-21Vo(s)
1
(1 / C)
VO (s) [ R
]I S (s)
I S (s)[ V]

sC
s (1 / RC )

40,000 0.003
120
)(
)
s4
s 1
(s 4)(s 1)
40
40

[ V]
s 1 s 4

VO (s) (

Vo(t)1[Vo(s)]40[ete4t]u(t)[V]

8-30
8-22K
t0Kt0
vC(t)

8-22 8-30

8-30()
[]K

V1
V
1V
1V 3
2

[ A]
R 1 R 3 R 2 1 1 1 2
R3
1
1
v C (0) v C (0 ) v C (0 )
V1
1V [V]
R1 R 3
1 1
2
t0K(8-23)
i(0) i(0 ) i(0 )

VL(s)VC(s)
[

V
1
1
1
sC
]VC (s)
1 CvC (0)
R1
R3
R 3 sR 1

i (0)
1
1
1
VC (s) [
]VL (s) L
R3
R 3 sL
s

8-30()
VC(s)
1
1
1
1
VC (s) 2

[ V]
2
2s s 2s 2 2s (s 1) 1
vC(t)
vC(t)1[VC(s)]=

1[

1
( e t sin t )[ V ]
2

1
1

]
2
2s (s 1) 1
t0

8-30()

8-23 t08-22

8-31
8-24t0S1S2
t0S1S2
t0

8-24 8-31

8-31()
[]t0t0
vC(0)1ViL(0)1A
t0S1 S28-25
8-26

8-25 t0

8-31()
8-26
4

(s 1)I1 (s) sI 2 (s) s 1

2
1
sI1 (s) (s 1)I 2 (s) 1
s
s

8-26 t08-25

8-31()
s4

(s 1)I1 (s) sI 2 (s)

2
s
sI1 (s) s 2 I 2 (s) (s 1)
s
s

I2(s)

s4
s 1
s
(s 1)
s
2s 1
s
I 2 (s )
2
[A]
s 1
s
2s 3s 2
2
s s2
s
s

8-31()

7
2

2
1 2
2s 1
1
VO (s) I 2 (s) ( 2
)
s
s s 2s 3s 2 s s 2 3 s 1
2
A1
A1*

[V]
3
7
3
7
s j
s j
4
4
4
4

A1
s

7
2

3
7
j
4
4

2.14 76.5o

A1* A1

3
7
s ( ) j(
)
4
4

v O ( t ) [4.28e ( 3 / 4 ) t cos(

7
t 76.5o )]u( t )[ V]
4

8-32
8-27I1(s)
[]

12
ZTh(s)R+sL[]

8-27 8-32

8-3()
12
V ( 0)
VTh (s) RI (s) Li (0) C [ V ]
s
128-29

v (0)
RI (s) Li (0) C
VTh (s)
C [ A]
I1 (s )

1
1
ZTh (s)
R sL
sC
sC

8-28


x(t)y(t)

dn y
d n 1 y
dy
a n n a n 1 n 1 a 1
aoy
dt
dt
dt
m
m 1
d x
d x
dx
b m dt m b m1 dt m1 b1 dt b o x

aoa1anbob1bmn

(a n s n a n1s n1 a1s a o )Y(s)

(b ms m b m1s m1 b1 bo )X(s)

Y(s) b m s m b m1s m1 b1s b o

H(s)

X(s) a n s n a n 1s n 1 a 1s a o

H(s)
Y(s)H(s)X(s)

8-29

8-30

8-29

8-30

I(s)
V(s)
Y
(
s
)

[ ]
Z(s)
[]
V(s)
I(s)
Z(s)Y(s)

1
Z(s)
Y(s)
()
()
()
()

8-301
2

)
V2 (s)
V2 (s)
I 2 (s )
Z12 (s)
[] Y12 (s)
[S] G v (s)
I 1 (s )
V1 (s)
V1 (s)

I 2 (s)
G i (s)
I1 (s)

12Z12(s)
()Y12(s)(S)Gv(s)
Gi(s)

V2 (s)
1
V1 (s)
Z12 (s)
[ ]

[ ]
I 1 (s )
Y12 (s) I 2 (s)

8-3

Z12(s)
Y12(s)
Gv(s)
Gi(s)

()
(S)

8-33
8-31

8-31 8-33

8-33()
[]

V (s )
1
Z( s )
( R sL) ( R )
I (s )
sC
1
[ R sL][ R ( )]
sC

1
R sL R
sC
R
1
1
2
s [( ) (
)]s
L
RC
LC []
R
1
s 2 ( 2 R L)
LC

8-34
8-32(I2(s)/V1(s))

8-32 8-34

8-34()
[]
(R 1 sL)I1 (s) sLI 2 (s) V1 (s)

sLI (s) (R sL 1 )I (s) 0

1
2
2

sC

V2(s)I2(s)R2
I2(s)
sLV1 (s)
I 2 (s )
1
( R 1 sL)[ R 2 sL ( ) s 2 L2
sC
LCs 2 V1 (s)

[A]
2
( R 1 R 2 ) LCs ( L R 1 R 2 C)s R 1

8-33()

Y12 (s)

I 2 (s )
V1 (s)

LCs 2

[S]
( R 1 R 2 ) LCs 2 ( L R 1 R 2 C)s R 1

V2 (s) I 2 (s) R 2
LCR 2s 2

[ V]
( R 1 R 2 ) LCs2 ( L R 1R 2C)s R 1

G v (s)

V2 (s)
V1 (s)

LCR 2 s 2

(R 1 R 2 )LCs 2 (L R 1R 2 C)s R 1


Vi(s)
H(s)Vo(s)
Vo(s)H(s)Vi(s)
vi(t)(t)
[vi(t)][(t)]1Vi(s)

Vo(s)H(s)(1)H(s)

vo(t)1[H(s)]h(t)
h(t)
H(s)