Monday, November 2nd

CONDITIONALS

1. Introduction
There are several structures in English that are called conditionals. (Hay muchas estructuras en Ingls que son llamadas
condicionales)

"Condition" means "situation or circumstance". If a particular condition is true, then a particular result happens. (Condicin significa situacin o circunstancia. Si una condicin
paricular es verdadera, entonces un resultado en particular sucede)

There are three basic conditionals that we use very often. There are some more conditionals that we do not use so often. (Hay 3 condicionales bsicos que usamos muy a menudo. Hay
otros condicionales que o usamos tan a menudo)

2. Structure of Conditionals
The structure of the conditionals is very simple. There are two basic possibilities. Of course, we add many words and can use various tenses, but the basic structure is usually like this: (La estructura de los condicionales es muy
sencilla. Hay dos posibilidades bsicas. Por supuesto que se usan varios tiempos, pero la estructura bsica es la siguiente:)

(Si)

IF

CONDITION
(Condicin)

RESULT
(Resultado)

RESULT
(Resultado)

(Si)

IF

CONDITION
(Condicin)

3. 1st Conditional: Real Possibility

We are talking about the future. (Estamos hablando del futuro) We are thinking about a particular condition or situation in the future, and the result of this condition.
(Estamos pensando sobre una condicin o situacin en particular en el futuro y en el resultado de esta condicin)

There is a real possibility that this condition will happen. (Existe una posibilidad real de que esta condicin suceder) For example, it is morning. You are at home. You plan to play volleyball this afternoon. But there are some clouds in the sky. Imagine that it rains. What will you do? (Por ejemplo, es de maana, t ests en casa. Planeas jugar voley esta tarde, pero
el cielo est nublado. Imagina que llueve. Qu vas a hacer?)

3. 1st Conditional: Real Possibility

Notice that we are thinking about a future condition. It is not raining yet. But the sky is cloudy and you think that it could rain. (Dense cuenta que estamos pensando en una condicin
futura. Aun no est lloviendo. Pero el cielo est nublado y piensan que podra llover)

We use the present simple tense to talk about the possible future condition. (Usamos el presente simple para hablar de la
posible condicin futura)

We use WILL + verb to talk about the possible future result. (Usamos el will + verbo para hablar del posible resultado futuro)

3. 1st Conditional: Real Possibility

Then, the structure would be:
IF

+ +

CONDITION in present simple

+ +

RESULT in future with will

Or
RESULT in future with will IF CONDITION in present simple

The important thing about the first conditional is that there is a real possibility that the condition will happen.
(Lo importante del primer condicional es que hay una posibilidad real de que la condicin suceda)

3. 1st Conditional: Real Possibility

Then, The Result in Future with will can be: (Entonces, el resultado en futuro con will puede ser:) Affirmative:
Pronoun

Negative
Pronoun

+ +
+ +

Will Verb
(Infinitive)

+ +
+ +

Complement

Wont Verb (Infinitive)

Complement

Question
Will + Pronoun

Verb (Infinitive)

Complement?

Wh-question + Will

Pronoun + Verb

Complement?

4. 1st Conditional: Examples

If I see Mary, I will tell her (Si veo a Mary se lo dir) I will tell her If see her (Se lo dir si veo a Mary)
Condition: I see Mary (Present Simple) Result: I will tell her (Future with will)

If Sophie is free tomorrow, He will invite her He will invite her if Sophie is free tomorrow
Condition: Sophie is free tomorrow Result: He will invite her

If they dont pass the exam, their parents will be angry Their parents will be angry if they dont pass the exam.
Condition: They dont pass the exam Result: Their parents will be angry

4. 1st Conditional: Examples

If it rains tomorrow, will you stay at home? Will you stay at home if it rains?
Condition: It rains tomorrow Result: Will you stay at home?

What will you do If it rains tomorrow? If it rains tomorrow, what will you do?
Condition: It rains tomorrow Result: What will you do?

You will pass the test if you study hard If you study hard, you will pass the test
Condition: You study hard Result: You will pass the test

5. 1st Conditional: Exercises

1. If you _____ (not study), you _____ (fail) the test.
If you

DONT STUDY

, you

WILL FAIL

the test

2. We _____ (die) if we ______ (not get) help soon!

We

WILL DIE

if we

DONT GET

help soon

3. If you _____ (look) in the fridge, you _____ (find) some cold drinks.
If you drinks.

LOOK

in the fridge, you

WILL FIND

some cold

4. I _____ (lend) you my umbrella if you _____ (need) it.

I

WILL LEND

you my umbrella if you

NEED

it.

5. 1st Conditional: Exercises

5. The sea level _____ (rise) if the planet _____ (get) hotter.
The sea level

WILL RISE

if the planet

GETS

hotter

6. If you _____ (eat) your sandwiches now, you ______ (have) anything for lunch!
If you

EAT

your sandwiches now, you

WILL HAVE

anything

for lunch.

7. He _____ (not be) safe in an accident if he ______

(not wear) your seatbelt.

He

WONT BE

safe in an accident if he

DOESNT WEAR

your seatbelt

5. 1st Conditional: Exercises

8. If he 9. I

SAVEs

(save) all his money, he

WILLBE

(be) able

to go on holiday to Canada.

WONT COME
IS

(not come) with you if you

DONT BRING
BREAKS

(not bring) John! 10. If there (be) no oil in the engine, the car (break) down.

11. You _____ (pay) higher insurance if you _____ (buy) a sports
car. 12. You _____ (be) better if you _____ (turn) on the lamp.

13. She _____ (look) completely different if she _____ (cut) her
hair. 14. If you ____ (eat) an apple every day, you ____ (be) very healthy.

5. 1st Conditional: Exercises

15. If you _____ (not put) so much sugar in your coffee, you _____ (put) on so much weight! 16. If I _____ (cook) some eggs, how many __________ (you eat)? 17. You _____ (not pass) the course if you _____ (not study). 18. You _____ (get) a heart disease if you _____ (eat) too much meat.

19. If a deer _____ (get) into your garden, it _____ (eat)all your
plants. 20. If we _____ (protect) the elephant, it _____ (become) extinct.