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HV SAFEWORKING PRACTICE

OLADOKUN EHV / May 2007 / 1


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OBJECTIVE

1. To understand the hazard and risk associated


with high voltage electrical work
2. To understand the safe work procedure
working on high voltage apparatus.

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Definition

High Voltage - exceeding


600 Volts Ф – E / 1000 Volts Ф – Ф

Low Voltage – Not Exceeding


600 Volts Ф – E / 1000 Volts Ф – Ф

(According to definition in Electricity Supply Act 447)

OLADOKUN EHV / May 2007 / 3


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Personal Protective Equipments

Employer should be provided PPE to employee


for protection purpose.
• Checked before and after used
• Have procedures of use/defective.

OLADOKUN EHV / May 2007 / 4


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Personal Protective Equipments

•Fire Retardant Suits (FRS)


•Safety Helmet with Visor
•Hand Gloves
•Safety Shoes/Boots.

OLADOKUN EHV / May 2007 / 5


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Chances of Survival

Temperature during short circuit on high


voltage( 8000OC – 10000OC)
• Degree of burns : 1st, 2nd & 3rd
• Surface area / percentage of burns
• Age of victim

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on high voltage arcing depends on age of victim.

25% Burn 50% Burn 75% Burn


% % %
100 100 100

80 80 80

60 60 60

40 40 40

20 20 20

0 0 0

5-34 35-49 50-59 5-34 35-49 50-59 5-34 35-49 50-59


Age Age Age
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Degree of burning due to arc depends on:

• Arc Tempt – 8,000 -10,000 degree Celsius


• Fault current
– Arcing current depends on fault current than voltage
system
– Therefore both HV and LV can cause serious burn
– “Arc in the box” s eg. Cubicle panel has 6 times more
energy than open-arc.
• Distance from arc (energy ~ 1/d2)
• Duration expose to arc.

OLADOKUN EHV / May 2007 / 8


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Severity due to electrical shock depends on:

● Physical body of the victim, health, age and weight.


● Victim response.
J = I Rt
2
● Electric flow through body J = energy, joules
● Duration of electric flow. I = current, amperes
R = resistance of current path
● Capacity/magnitude of current through the body, ohms
● Frequency t = time of current flow,
seconds
● Capacity/magnitude of voltage

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OLADOKUN EHV / May 2007 / 15


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High Voltage Zone?

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Entry to High Voltage Zone

3.All gates, doors or other device


leading to High Voltage Zone shall
be kept locked except when
actually in use.
4.Only Competent Person may take
charge of High Voltage Zone.
5.Members of a working party may be
admitted to a High Voltage Zone by
a Competent Person.
OLADOKUN EHV / May 2007 / 17
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DEFINITION

H.V. Switching
- Operation or other methods of making &
breaking a circuit
- Including switchgears controlling Tx
(11/.415) L.V. equipment

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DEFINITION
Dead
- At or about 0 V & disconnected from
any live system
Note : A dead apparatus is not safe until it is
isolated & earthed
Earthed
- Connected to general mass of earth
- Ensure at all time an immediate
discharge of electrical energy without
danger
- All Øs s/cct. & efficiently connected to earth

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Precaution to be taken before work on


High Voltage Apparatus.

No person shall carry out work of any description on any part of


High Voltage Apparatus unless such parts of the apparatus are:

• Off
• Isolated and all practicable steps taken to lock-off from live
conductor including Low Voltage supplies,
• Proved dead
• Connected to earth at all point of isolation
• Physically screened where necessary to prevent danger
and Danger Notices fixed.
• Released for work by the issue of a Permit to Work.

OLADOKUN EHV / May 2007 / 20


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Withdraw able Apparatus

When withdraw able apparatus has been disconnected


from all supplies and withdrawn from its normal live
position, its conductor shall be discharged but need not
remain connected to earth.

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Feeder Spouts & Busbar Spouts


Work On The Above Spouts ,Operations :
i. Isolate from all points of supply
ii. Lock - isolating mechanism
- shutters of live spouts
• Checked spout contacts dead by
approved V.I.
• Earth circuit with approved
earthing equipment
• Hang notice.
Spouts Connected To O/H Circuit :
• Dangerous induced V
• Additional earths can
safely be obtained
• Forbidden to insert
hand/any tool into
contact spouts
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Making Dead and Isolating

• Apparatus shall be made dead by opening the


appropriate circuit breakers, oil switches, isolators, links
or fuse gear
• Ensure that the closing mechanism is inoperative by
visual check
• Isolation devices shall be locked immediately after
isolation
• Any supply from Low Voltage shall be removed by
isolating the Low Voltage sides of the transformers,

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Earthing Equipment

• When High Voltage Apparatus is to be discharged and


earthed it shall be done by the use of a circuit
breaker, earthing switch, special equipment where
provided or by other approved means.
• Earthing lead and associated clamps used as Earthing
Bonds shall be of approved type and adequate capacity
for the duty at the point of application.
• Earthing leads shall be properly maintained and always
examined immediately prior to use.

OLADOKUN EHV / May 2007 / 24


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Earthing Procedure

• Before applying a Circuit Main


Earth adequate steps shall be
taken to identify the circuit, to
ensure that the circuit is dead.
• When a circuit breaker is used to
make an earth connection the trip
feature shall be rendered
inoperative before closing unless
this is impracticable. After
closing, step shall be taken to
lock off any means of tripping or
opening the circuit breaker.

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Earthing Procedure (contd..)

3. The procedure to be followed when using earthing leads


shall be:

(i) Earthing leads shall be connected to the earth


system before being secured to the phases.
(ii) All phases shall be earthed, even if work is to be carried
out on one phase only.
(iii) Earthing leads shall not be applied in any cell or
compartment in which there is any exposed metal live at
High Voltage.
(iv)When earthing leads are being removed they shall be
disconnected from the phases first and earth system last.

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WORK ON REMOTELY AND AUTOMATICALLY CONTROLLED


APPARATUS

Before work is carried out on remote or automatically controlled


apparatus,, all remote control and automatic features shall be
rendered inoperative. No work shall be carried out on the
controlling equipment, wiring or relays of such apparatus except
by a Competent Person acting under his direct instructions.

WORK ON HIGH VOLTAGE CABLES

• No person shall touch the insulation which covers or


supports any conductor is dead and earthed.
• Where work is to be carried out on cable circuits in
proximity to other live circuits and on cable circuits with
fully insulated metalic sheaths, special precautions should
be taken to avoid danger from induced voltages.
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DEFINITION
Caution Notice
- Warning against making
apparatus live
Danger Notice
- Danger of approach or interfere

Testing In Progress Notice


- Warning : Danger testing in
progress
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OLADOKUN EHV / May 2007 / 29


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Recording of
Switching

Where log sheets are


provided a record of
all High Voltage
Switching shall be
entered therein.

OLADOKUN EHV / May 2007 / 30


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MINIMUM CLEARANCE FROM EXPOSED CONDUCTOR


TO GROUND LEVEL OR PLATFORM OR ACCESS-WAY :

Rated Voltage Clearance


Metric Imperial
Not > 11 K.V. 2590 mm 8’ 6”
> 11 K.V.
but not > 33 K.V. 2740 mm 9’ 0”
> 33 K.V.
but not > 132 K.V. 3510 mm 11’ 6”
> 132 K.V.
but not > 275 K.V.
4570 mm 15’ 0”
The area to be defined at ground level shall only be that in which work is be carried out
b) Same min. clearance for nearest exposed H.V.
conductor to points which work is carried out
OLADOKUN EHV / May 2007 / 31
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FIRE PROTECTION EQUIPMENT

Portable Extinguishers
• Approved
• Handling extinguishers,
maintain safety clearance
• Discharge in enclose space
- Personnel to leave space

OLADOKUN EHV / May 2007 / 32


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FIRE PROTECTION EQUIPMENT

CO2

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General After explosion / fire / discharge


of extinguishers in
enclosed space & before
entry of personnel
• Ventilate thoroughly or
• Wear suitable breathing
apparatus

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•HIGH VOLTAGE
SAFETIES ON
BOARD
OLADOKUN EHV / May 2007 / 35
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Precautions before work on HV

• Safety wearing must be used before proceeding to job.

• Isolate power

• Test HV live-line tester to prove its proper functioning.

• The circuit on which work is to be carried out, must be tested


and proved dead by an HV live-line testing equipment.

• The circuit to be earthed down by connecting with hull.

• Issue EPTW.

• Minimum two people should work together.

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Safety precautions associated with operation of high voltage system

• Before start of work an Electrical Permit to Work must be issued.

• EPTW is prepared and approve by the authorized officer.

• The copied permit signed by the responsible person usually has at least 5 sections with the
first stating the work to be carried out.

• The next section is a risk assessment declaring where isolation and earthling has been
applied and where danger/caution notices have been displayed then the permit is signed as
authorized by the Chief Electrical Officer or Chief Engineer.

• In the third section, the person responsible for the work (as named in section one) signs to
declare that he/she is satisfied with the safety precautions and that the HV circuit has been
isolated and earthed.

• Section four relates to the suspension or completion of the designated work.

• The last section cancels the permit with a signature from the authorizing officer.

• The EPTW is valid only for 24 hours.

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Electrical Isolation Certificate

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Sanction-to-Test Certificate

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EARTHING-DOWN
• CIRCUIT EARTHING
• BUS-BAR EARTHING

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• Procedure of megger testing (IR )

• Polarization Index or PI

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