Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MMPI: General
1st published in 1943 (Stark Hathaway, Ph.D, & J. Chaney McKinley, M.D.) Group administered procedure to reliably diagnose Used Empirical keying approach (new at time)
Graham (2000) MMPI-2: Assessing Personality & Psychopathology (3rd ed) Butcher, Et. Al (1989) MMPI-2: Manual for Admin & Scoring
MMPI: Development
About 1000 potential items were collected Hathaway & McKinley selected 504 believed to be relatively novel from each other Appropriate criterion groups were selected
Minnesota Normals Clinical Subjects 504 items administered to groups
MMPI Weaknesses
No revision since 1943 Representativness of standardization sample Non-Normal distributions of scales scores Item content dated, bias, or objectionable Insufficient coverage of pathology (drug use, relationships, suicide, etc.) 1982 U of M Press appoints restandardization committee (Graham, Butcher, Dalstrom)
About time
Ta Da!
Stability
MALES Scale 1 Week L .77 F .78 K .84 1 Hs .85 2D .75 3 Hy .72 4 Pd .81 5 Mf .82 6 Pa .67 7 Pt .89 8 Sc .87 9 Ma .83 0 Si .92 SEM 1.0 1.5 1.9 1.5 2.3 2.3 2.0 2.0 1.6 2.2 2.4 1.8 2.4 FEMALES Scale 1 Week L .81 F .69 K .81 1 Hs .85 2D .77 3 Hy .76 4 Pd .79 5 Mf .73 6 Pa .58 7 Pt .88 8 Sc .80 9 Ma .68 0 Si .91
SEM 1.0 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.0 2.5 3.5 2.5 2.9
Internal Consistency
Scale L F K 1 Hs 2D 3 Hy 4 Pd 5 Mf 6 Pa 7 Pt 8 Sc 9 Ma 0 Si Males .62 .64 .74 .77 .59 .58 .60 .58 .34 .85 .85 .58 .82 Females .57 .63 .72 .81 Did you .64 see that! .56 .62 .37 .39 .87 .86 .61 .84
Yah! right...
Validity scales:
General Guidelines
? 30+ Definitely Invalid; 10+ Great Caution L > 65 probably Invalid F, Fb >100 Likely Invalid (Highly correlated with severity of pathology) K > 70 Invalid (Correlated with ego Strength) F(p)> 100 Invalid
Validity scales:
General Guidelines
VRIN > 80 Invalid TRIN > 80 Invalid
I think I would rather be home.
Interpretation Examples
Random
VRIN=98, F=103 and F(p)=99
Fake Good
K=70, L=67 and S=68
Fake Bad
F=110, F(p)=78 often L,K & S are very low
Configural Information:
Code Types
Use the highest 2 or 3 scales (NOT including 5 or 0) If over 65 think more pathology, if under think more normal expression of configuration Highest scale determines but all scales within 5 to 7 points are interchangeable Most codes order is not vital
Content Scales
Anx General Anxiety FRS Specific fears OBS Compulsive, problems with decisions, rigidity, ruminate DEP Down, fatigued, pessimistic HEA Feel unhealthy, health preoccupation
I think the rust is out.
Supplemental Scales
Anxiety (A) and Repression (R)
Developed using factor analysis. These are the 2 strongest factors. A- thinking & thought processes, negative emotional tone, pessimism & lack of energy R-health, emotionality, violence, activity, reactivity, dominance, adequacy Quadrant interpretation
Overcontrolled-Hostility (O-H):
Theory of overcontrol and hostility (prison) T > 70 intrapunative, repress, self-depreciative
Other Scales
Subtle-Obvious Harris-Lingoes Content Component Subscales Personality Disorder scales Over 300 other scales
Assault:
27(T), 37(T), 85(T), 134(T), 213(T), & 389(T)
Special Populations
No adolescents (MMPI-A: 20-25% 8th grading reading level) Historically the MMPI has had certain scales which score differently for minorities
Bias Vs Environmental responses (Sue & Sue)
Little statistical evidence there are consistent differences with the MMPI-2 Not to be used to screen for organic disorders
Evaluation
Good standardization sample Great research on validity Major test used in area Little bias Recent revision Reliability Form length could provide more information No data on normal personality Scale intercorrelations & Item overlap