INDUSTRIAL

DESIGN

INTRODUCTION TO DESIGN

Introduction to DESIGN
A SYSTEMATIC PROBLEM SOLVING ACTIVITY TO FULLFIL THE HUMAN NEEDS REQUIRE CREATIVITY AND INNOVATION IN ORDER TO PRODUCE A NEW PRODUCT OR INCREASE THE VALUE OF AN EXISTING PRODUCT

Definition of DESIGN
Design is a systematic problem solving activity to fulfill the human needs.

In line with the increased standards of living nowadays, human needs for the new design in various fields also increased

Definition of DESIGN
Three types of design: 1. New creation - new problems, create new idea and concept for new product 2. Reinvention potential product, reinvent the product in terms of technology, styling , aesthetics, marketing and cost 3. Innovation potential product, add values the potential products in terms of styling and technology.

PRODUCTS THAT NEED CONTINUOUS WORK ON DESIGN

DESIGN Process Flowchart

DESIGN Purposes
CREATING NEW PRODUCTS ADDING VALUE TO EXISTING PRODUCTS MAKING PRODUCTS MORE COMFORTABLE AND SAFER

DESIGN & HUMAN Needs

No 1 Criteria Of Needs Shelter Types of Needs Place to live in Product of Design Houses, schools, hospital, hotels Phones, hand phones, computers, internet Cars, buses, trains, LRT, air planes, ships Parks, playground Keys, alarms, padlocks

Communication

Communication tools

3 4 5

Transportation Recreation Security

To get from one place to another To rest n relax Protection of oneself and ones properties

Design elements
concept

Technology

function

Stability

Design elements

safety

User

Material

Cost

Design concept

ideas

How to obtain ideas

Design concept

How to obtain ideas??????

-interviews -discussion -research (media) -questionnaires -brainstorming -naturally? ..theres a lot of ways to obtain ideas.. After the session is explore, u will find or discover a concept idea for your product .

DESIGN PROSES Example

SITUATION

A student goes to school carrying a big bag packed with books

DESIGN BRIEF

To produce something that can hold books and be carried easily

THINKING OF IDEAS

Start by thinking the basic ideas to overcome the problem

DESIGN PROCESS Example

EXPANDING IDEAS The basic ideas are expanded into several ideas with their own characteristics and specifications SOLUTION AND DETAILS Select the best and suitable ideas as the solution after considering all aspects MODELLING/PROTOTYPE Using sketches and specification of solution to create a model or prototype TESTING THE DESIGN To see the effectiveness of the solution particularly from the aspect of functionality and safety

introduction
Industrial revolution actually started in the early where mankind existed

introduction
First Revolution
(1780 (17801840)
Based in United Kingdom  Steam Engine pioneered by Henry Ford  Textile Industry  Mechanical Engineering

introduction
Second Revolution
(1840 (18401900)
Based in Europe England, France, Germany  Railways  Steel Industry Telegraph and cable

introduction
Third Revolution
(1900 (19001950)
Based in United States  Electric Engine  Heavy Chemicals  Automobiles  Consumer Durables

introduction
Fourth Revolution
(1950 (1950Present)
Based in Pacific Basin California, Japan  Synthetics  Organic Chemicals (Oil)  Computers

introduction
Fifth Revolution
(2010(2010-???) Nanotech, biotech Macro nuclear Hi technology appliances Etc

Lets took a look at our car design history 2004

1985 1993 Development of car design in Malaysia

2008 2006 2009

The are many types of design methods that can be used to design a product. Method choose is based on several aspect such as :

Design process is a SYSTEMATIC PROBLEM SOLVING process which needs creativity to generate ideas. To create a good design, understanding the problems and existing situation is very important. Once the situation is truly understood, the solution can be planned and carried out.

 Way to fulfill basic needs Clarifying problem Obtaining and thinking of ideas Obtaining solution Making and modeling solutions Testing design

DESIGN PROCESS Ways to fulfill simple needs

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Human Needs Physical needs Security Love Appreciation Studying and learning Beautifying oneself Developing selfpotential Examples Shelter, food and beverage, clothes Houses, fences, keys, weapons Family, friends, society Acknowledgements, presents, certificates Schools, books, computers Jewelry, drawings, attractive and glamorous image Hobbies, sports, recreation

* priority

CLARIFYING A Problem
ASKING OTHERS Those who have experienced that particular problem BRAINSTORMING PROCESS Forming a group, identifying the problem, obtaining information, discussion, summary RIGHT SOURCE OF INFORMATION Television, radio, books, telephone, internet, magazine

Obtaining and thinking of IDEAS

OBTAINING solution and details

Can the idea solve the overall problems? Does the idea have a simple concept? Can the idea be realized? Will the implementation of the idea take a long time to complete? Is there any side effect due to the implementation of the idea? Is the idea suitable and safe to use? Does the idea involve high cost?

OBTAINING solution and details

Idea aspect list Basic design Materials used Components sizes Construction and assembly method Final finishing

MAKING And Modeling Solutions

CATEGORIES OF MATERIALS FOR MAKING MODELS Sheets materials thick paper, cardboard, metal sheets, plastic sheet Solid materials wood blocks, polystyrene Soft materials plasticine, plastic, clay, plaster of paris Stripe materials rope, wire, string, rod Adhesives glue, multipurpose glue Joining materials nails, screws, staples, adhesive tape Module materials for electronic, hydraulic and pneumatic system

TESTING a design or Solution

DESIGN PROCESS to fulfill needs

FACTORS IN DESIGN

Reference METHODS

PRESENTING Information

FOLIO
 Statement on the problem and situation.  Design brief ( statement about what is going on to be made or produced )  Proposal of a basic idea.  Generation of ideas towards the expansion of ideas. Selection of idea.

 Preparation of drawings.  Construction of model.  Test and methods of testing.  Report

SKETCHING and Drawing

Presenting DESIGN OPERATION

 Design operation can be done in the form of flow chart

Example of flowchart : Student making a set of study table.

FLOW CHART
Symbol Meaning
Start or end of the process Process executed Decision must be made Input or Output Process is taken off or put into the system Process stop momentarily

FLOW CHART Diagram

START END

MEASURE AND MARKING FUNCTION TEST

CUTTING

Y
X

HOLE DRILLING

MODIFIED

X
CHECK
ASSEMBLE PARTS OF PROJECT

ASSEMBLE BOLT AND NUT

THE METHOD OF writing a report

1. Identify the problem, situation and need. 2. Collecting design information. 3. Conducting study to determine and clarify the problem. 4. Documenting all relevant information. 5. Sketching the preliminary idea. 6. Drawing of the work and design details. 7. List of materials to be used in the design 8. Testing and method of carrying out the test. 9. Considering the results of the test. Is the objective achieved?

DESIGN METHODOLOGY
Consist steps or process involved in producing a particular product. FOUR LEVELS OF DESIGN METHODOLOGY  Situation Problem solving Prototype Testing
Not Selected

Situation

Brief

Study and Research

Solution Selected Prototype or Model

Failed

Testing, Evaluation and Result Pass

Documentation

Product

SITUATION FOR design

 A given condition within the human

environment Help to identify the needs and requirements The needs vary according to local situation and requirements:
modification of product that cannot fulfill human needs  Design new products to solve new problems  Value adding to product to increase competition in the market


DESIGN Brief
certain problematic situations needs to be resolved  To provide early suggestions and state what is required for problem solving  Contains:
 Ideas/ explanation on how problems can generally be solved  Proposal on method or resolution  Technique on how the design should be created

 A summary that acts as primary reference on how

STUDY AND Research

 To find answers to certain problems or questions Research objective and design:
 Specifying design criteria  Specifying manufacturing technique  Specifying cost  Specifying special factor  Specifying safety feature  Market identification

SOLUTION TO The research conducted

 Solution can be divided into two:
1. Collecting ideas based on brief situation and research 2. Selection of solution

PRODUCTION or modeling
 An object design process as required in design brief  Model creation is performed to satisfy these criteria:  to ensure functionality of the product  to create an object almost resembling real object and can be viewed from all angles ( 3 D)  to monitor and assess the measurement ratio, stability, durability and strength  to ensure that all problems are attended to at the early stage of implementation

TESTING
 An activity to ensure effectiveness, functions and safety of products  Types of testing:
 Lab test conduct in lab  Parameter test real setting  Computer test- simulation

DOCUMENTATION AND Report

 A process of documenting the processes involved in producing the product from the start till complete  Documentation is done for the following purpose:
As written evidence in applying for a pattern protection from certain bodies such as SIRIM As a reference for future research As a reference for creating manual booklets As a reference fro identifying specifications of technical product

Design Pro

Karim Rashid
Karim Rashid is one of the most prolific designers of his generation. Over 3000 designs in production, over 300 awards and working in over 35 countries attest to Karim's legend of design. His award winning designs include democratic objects such as the ubiquitous Garbo waste can and Oh Chair for Umbra, interiors such as the Morimoto restaurant, Philadelphia and Semiramis hotel, Athens and exhibitions for Deutsche Bank and Audi. Karim has collaborated with clients to create democratic design for Method and Dirt Devil, furniture for Artemide and Magis, brand identity for Citibank and Hyundai, high tech products for LaCie and Samsung, and luxury goods for Veuve Clicquot and Swarovski, to name a few. Karim's work is featured in 20 permanent collections and he exhibits art in galleries world wide. Karim is a perennial winner of the Red Dot award, Chicago Athenaeum Good Design award, I.D. Magazine Annual Design Review, IDSA Industrial Design Excellence award.

He holds honorary doctorates from the Ontario college of Art & Design and Corcoran College of Art & Design. Karim is a frequent guest le

Karims analogy;I believe that we could be living in an entirely different world - one that is full of real contemporary inspiring objects, spaces, places, worlds, spirits and experiences. Design has been the cultural shaper of our world from the start. We have designed systems, cities, and commodities. We have addressed the worlds problems. Now design is not about solving problems, but about a rigorous beautification of our built environments. Design is about the betterment of our lives poetically, aesthetically, experientially, sensorially, and emotionally. My real desire is to see people live in the modus of our time, to participate in the contemporary world, and to release themselves from nostalgia, antiquated traditions, old rituals, kitsch and the meaningless. We should be conscious and attune with this world in this moment. If human nature is to live in the past - to change the world is to change human nature. His design concept was always difference from others. The sleek, unique, simple and modern were the streamline of his masterpieces. His style is more on what he called, sensual minimalism which concentrate more on the subject matter. His concept were fluid, organic and human.His way of recognition is inspiring young designers to create ideas out of the box and please our clients..

FACTORS IN DESIGN

Human Factors
Body and human movement. Safety. Growth and age. Needs of disabled people. Color blindness and lighting.

Function Factor
Observation of Available Function. Ways in Explaining Functions. The success of the function (success or not). Identifying damage that always occurs. Observing the assembly of product.

Aesthetic Factors
Line Shape Arrangement Structure Color Texture

Strength Factor
Design Method for Design: (a) Structure definition. (b) Types of Load. (c) Structure in our Universe. (d) Designing of beam. - Beam as supporting and bearing load. - Beam for sheet and frame. - Designing sturdy boxes.