I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Atomic Structure

Keywords: protons, neutrons, electrons, atomic number, proton number, periodic table

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Keyword paragraph construction

Use the keywords to create a paragraph about what you think we are learning in this lesson.

3mins

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Objectives: I will understand

That there are particles inside an atom. That the number of protons equals the number of electrons in an atom. That the atoms are arranged on the periodic table. The relative charges on sub-atomic particles. Outcomes: I will demonstrate I understand at Grade C by Label the sub-atomic particles in an atom. State the charge of the sub- atomic particles in an atom. Define atomic number (proton number). Describe how the elements are ordered in the periodic table. Outcomes: I will demonstrate I understand at Grade A by Explain why atoms are electrically neutral.

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

The middle of an atom is called the nucleus. TRUE

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

In an atom, the protons and electrons are in the nucleus. FALSE only neutrons and protons are in the nucleus.

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

The atomic number gives the number of protons in an atom. TRUE

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

The number of protons in an atom is equal to the number of electrons in that atom. TRUE

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

The elements in the periodic table are arranged in order of atomic number. TRUE

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

The maximum number of electrons in the first shell is 8. FALSE it is 2.

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

The atomic number is also called the neutron number. FALSE it is called the proton number.

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

The charge on an electron is zero. FALSE an electron has a charge of 1.

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Making compounds
Elements combine to form compounds through chemical reactions. Iron and sulfur can combine to make iron sulfide.

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Equations
We usually write word or symbol equations to show the reactants and products of a chemical reaction.
Word equation Iron + sulfur iron sulfide

Formulae Fe + S FeS

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Mass is conserved
The same atoms are present before and after the reaction. Fe + S FeS

Fe

Fe

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Reactions of metals
Some metals react with
Reactants Copper and oxygen Sodium and water Zinc and sulfuric acid Products Copper oxide Sodium hydroxide and hydrogen Zinc sulfate and hydrogen

oxygen water acids.

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Displacement reactions
More reactive metals can displace less reactive metals from their oxides or push them out of solution.

The more reactive metal wins!

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Neutralisation reactions
Bases react with acids in a reaction called

neutralisation.
An alkali is a soluble base.

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

The periodic table

We can identify patterns in chemical reactions. In the periodic table, elements with similar properties are grouped together.

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Three minute quiz

1 When potassium metal is added to water, it

2 3 4 5

reacts until there is no more metal. What happened to the potassium atoms? Complete this word equation: iron + oxygen ___ What is the name of the salt made when magnesium reacts with sulfuric acid? Water has the formula H2O. What does this formula mean? When copper metal is added to magnesium sulfate solution, there is no reaction. But when magnesium metal is added to copper sulfate solution there is a reaction. Why?

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Answers!
1 They reacted with the water and made a new substance. The products of this reaction are potassium hydroxide and hydrogen. 2 Iron oxide. 3 Magnesium sulfate. 4 There are two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen in each molecule of water. 5 Copper cant displace magnesium because it is less reactive than magnesium. However, magnesium displaces copper because it is more reactive than copper. This is a displacement reaction.

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

What are atoms?

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Atom diagrams

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Thinking questions
1. What mostly makes up atoms? 2. What stops electrons whizzing off into space? 3. Which bit of the atom do you think does the chemistry? 4. Which bit of an atom do you think radioactivity comes from?

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Answers
1. Space 2. The electrostatic force of attraction between them and the nucleus 3. Electrons more specifically the outer shell electrons 4. The nucleus

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Little Mendelevs
You have 5 mins to group your elements to demonstrate a pattern of some kind. You will then be critiqued by your peers!

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Critiquing Little Mendelevs

Provide a mark out of 3 for each of the following (3 being full marks)
Was a pattern observed? Is the table clear and easy to read? How original is the grouping?

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

EXAM TIPS:
Know the relative masses and relative electric charges of protons, neutrons and electrons. In an atom the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus. The atom has no net electrical charge. All atoms of a particular element have the same number of protons. Atoms of different elements have different numbers of protons. The total number of protons in an atom is called its atomic number or proton number. The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom is called its mass number or nucleon number.

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Objectives: I will understand

That there are particles inside an atom. That the number of protons equals the number of electrons in an atom. That the atoms are arranged on the periodic table. The relative charges on sub-atomic particles. Outcomes: I will demonstrate I understand at Grade C by Label the sub-atomic particles in an atom. State the charge of the sub- atomic particles in an atom. Define atomic number (proton number). Describe how the elements are ordered in the periodic table. Outcomes: I will demonstrate I understand at Grade A by Explain why atoms are electrically neutral.

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Summary notes
An atom has a nucleus, made of protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons. Know the charge of proton (+), electron (-) and Neutron (0) Know the relative mass of proton (1), neutron (1), and electron (0.0005) In an atom the number of protons = number of electrons so the atom has an no overall charge. All atoms of a particular element have the same number of protons. The total number of protons in an atom is called its atomic number or proton number. The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom is called the mass number or nucleon number. Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus of the atom and electrons move around the nucleus in energy . Elements are arranged in order of their atomic number in the periodic table.

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Check your understanding

1. Name the three types of particles in atoms. 2. What are the charges of the three particles? 3. How many electrons are there in the atom arrangement?

ANSWERS: 1. 2. 3. Electrons, protons and neutrons

Negative, positive and neutral respectively The same as the number of protons

CLICK AGAIN FOR THE ANSWERS

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Extra Notes

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

What is the atomic number?

What are the atomic numbers of these elements? sodium

11 26 50 9

iron

tin

fluorine

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Whats the mass number?

mass number = number of protons + number of neutrons What is the mass number of these atoms? Atoms helium copper cobalt iodine germanium Protons 2 29 27 53 32 Neutrons 2 35 32 74 41 Mass number 4 64 59 127 73

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

How many neutrons?

number of neutrons = mass number - number of protons = mass number - atomic number How many neutrons are there in these atoms? Atoms helium fluorine strontium zirconium uranium Mass number 4 19 88 91 238 Atomic number 2 9 38 40 92 Neutrons 2 10 50 51 146

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

I am learning to understand the atomic structure