3GPP Charging

2012/2/10

Outline
     

3G charging logical architecture Charging functions CS domain PS domain IM Subsystem Service domain (MMS service)
2

2012/2/10

Charging Documents Structure

3 2 .2 0 0 Ch arg in g Prin cip les (ch arg in g stag e 2 )

3 2 .2 0 5 Stag e 3 CS-d o m ain

3 2 .2 1 5 Stag e 3 PS-d o m ain

3 2 .2 2 5 Reserved fo r Stag e 3 IMS (R5 )

3 2 .2 3 5 Stag e 3 Service-do m ain (R4 : M M S service)

2012/2/10

3G charging logical architecture



Create CDR
     

HLR GMSC Server VMSC Server CGF SCF (not included in current spec.) MMS Relay Server
4

2012/2/10

Service Domain
MMS Relay Server

PSTN

Gi

Gp

CS Domain
Mc

PS Domain
CDR

MGW gsm SSF GGSN GMSC Server

C Gc CDR CDR

CAP

HLR
D
CAP

Ga

Gr

VMSC VMSC Server Server

McMc

gsm SSF MGW MGW

gsm SCF SCF SCF

CAP

Gn

CGF CGF

CDR CDR

Billing System

Ga

CDR

gprs SSF

SGSN

2012/2/10

IuCS

Gb

IuPS

Charging functions


 

Charging Gateway Function (CGF) within the Packet-Switched domain, provides a mechanism to transfer charging information from the SGSN and GGSN nodes to the network operators chosen Billing Systems Charging Collection Function (CCF) main functionalities for IMS are in principle equivalent to the Charging Gateway Functions (CGF) that are used in the PS domain Session Charging Function (SCF) is responsible for Session Charging including the session control such as e.g. session termination. Bearer Charging Function (BCF) performs the Bearer Charging. Event Charging Function (ECF) performs event-based charging (content charging).
2012/2/10 6

ECF


Content Provider Charging Function (CPCF) manages the account that is maintained for the content provider. Upon receipt of a charging request from the AS/MRFC, the CPCF processes the request and relays it to the SCCF. Subscriber Content Charging Function (SCCF) handles content charging requests that are made when the subscriber accesses the content. Upon such a content charging request, the SCCF may for example request the Correlation Function to check or to debit the subscriber's account. Content charging requests are received from the Content Provider Charging Function (CPCF)
7

2012/2/10

Offline IMS Charging architecture for non-roaming scenario

Home(A) = Visited(A)
BS
AS AS MRFC MRFC

Home(B) = Visited(B)
AS AS

BS
MRFC MRFC

Bi
S--CSCF S CSCF S--CSCF S CSCF II-CSCF -CSCF P--CSCF P CSCF BGCF BGCF MGCF BGCF

Bi Rf CCF
II-CSCF -CSCF P--CSCF P CSCF BGCF BGCF

CCF

Rf

Bp

CGF

CGF

Bp

Ga
MGCF BGCF

Ga

GGSN GGSN SGSN SGSN

GGSN GGSN SGSN SGSN

2012/2/10

Online IMS Charging architecture

Home(A) + Visited(A) Home(B) + Visited(B)
S-CSCF S-CSCF ISC
Session Charging Function

Rb

Correlation Function Account

Bearer Charging Function

Bearer Charging Function

Correlation Function Account

Rb

Session Charging Function

ISC

S-CSCF S-CSCF

Re
Rating Function

Re Rc Rc
Charging information flow

Rating Function

Re

Re

AS(s) AS(s)

Ro
Event Charging Function

Ro
Event Charging Function

AS(s) AS(s)

MRFC MRFC

Ro

SCCF CPCF

SCCF CPCF

Ro

MRFC MRFC

SGSN SGSN

CAP

CAP

SGSN SGSN

Online Charging System

Online Charging System

2012/2/10

Circuit-Switched Domain



Specified in TS 32.205
Charging Principles
    

Provide CDRs Inter-PLMN accounting Visitors from other PLMN Roaming Fixed network operator and other service providers Service Information
10

2012/2/10

Charging scenarios
Mobile to Land (outgoing) call Incoming call to a roaming subscriber Delivery of a mobile terminated short message Incoming call handled by CAMEL without redirection Etc.
2012/2/10 11

Mobile to land call

ISDN/PSTN

1

MSC-A:MOC record for subscriber A GMSC:outgoing gateway record

HPLMN

GMSC

HLR

1 A

MSC-A

Billing System

2012/2/10

A B

12

Incoming call to a roaming subscriber

1

ISDN/PSTN


1


3 4

HPLMN

VPLMN


GMSC

HLR
A A

GMSC


Billing System
B

GMSC:incoming gateway record HLR interrogation CDR GMSC:outgoing gateway record GMSC:roaming record inculde IMSI of B MSC-B:MTC record for the call to B TAP record

Billing System

MSC-B
A 4

B B

2012/2/10

13

Delivery of a mobile terminated short message

HPLMN
SMS-SC
1
  

MSC:SMT record HLR:HLR interrogation record GMSC:SMS gateway MT record

SMSGMSC
3

HLR
A A

MSC-B

Billing System

2012/2/10 B

14

Incoming call handled by CAMEL without redirection

A
1

ISDN/PSTN
 
1

GSMC: Incoming gateway record, Terminating CAMEL MSC:MTC record HLR:HLR interrogation record

gsmSCF

GMSC/
gsmSSF

HLR
4

MSC-B/
gsmSSF

Billing System

B
2012/2/10

T-CSI(A-B)

(2)Interrogate HLR, fetch the T-CSI (3.1)GMSC request gsmSSF to pass CAMEL service key to gsmSCF to indicate which service logic it should apply (3.2)gsmSCF interrogate HLR for subscriber information (4)GMSC interrogate the HLR to get current location
15

Packet-Switched Domain
  

Specified in TS 32.215 Charging Principles Charging scenarios

2012/2/10

16

Charging Principles


Charging Information


Usage of the radio interface, usage duration and etc. SGSN provide an S-SMO-CDR, S-SMT-CDR

Charging for SMS



 

Charging support for CAMEL Charging Data Collection



S-CDR,G-CDR,M-CDR,S-SMO-CDR,S-SMT-CDR

2012/2/10

17

Charging Principles (cont.)



Charging Data Record Generation



Data volume limit, time, max number of charging conditions changes Qos Change, Tariff Time Change, CDR closure Mobility Change

Trigger for S-CDR



Trigger for M-CDR



Tirgger for G-CDR

2012/2/10

18

CDR generation


Charging Data in the SGSN (S-CDR); Charging Data in the GGSN (G-CDR); Mobile Station Mobility Management Data in SGSN (M-CDR); SMS Mobile Originated Data in SGSN (S-SMO-CDR); SMS Mobile Terminated Data in SGSN (S-SMT-CDR); Mobile Originated location request in SGSN (LCSMO-CDR); etc.
2012/2/10 19

Charging scenarios
   

Mobile to PDN Context Mobile to Mobile Context PDN to Mobile Context Mobile to PDN Context while roaming, GGSN in HPLMN

2012/2/10

20

Mobile to PDN Context

1 PDN

GGSN 1 SGSN

A CGF B BS

HPLMN
2012/2/10 21

Mobile to PDN Context while roaming via BG

1

PDN

Inter PLMN Backbone

1 1 GGSN A CGF B BS C BG

1 BG 1 SGSN A CGF B A BS

HPLMN
2012/2/10

VPLMN
22

IMS Subsystem
  

Specified in TS 32.225 Off-line Charging On-line Charging

2012/2/10

23

Introduction


Offline Charging


IMS network elements report accounting information CCF construct and format CDRs AS and MRFC report accounting information ECF uses charging event to support OCS
24

Online Charging


2012/2/10

Home(A) = Visited(A)
BS
AS AS

Home(B) = Visited(B) Visited(B)

AS AS MRFC MRFC S--CSCF S CSCF II-CSCF -CSCF

BS Bi
Rf

Bi CCF
Rf

MRFC MRFC S--CSCF S CSCF II-CSCF -CSCF

CCF

Bp

CGF
P--CSCF P CSCF Ga BGCF BGCF P--CSCF P CSCF BGCF BGCF

CGF

Bp

Ga

GGSN GGSN SGSN SGSN

GGSN GGSN SGSN SGSN

2012/2/10

25

Home(A) + Visited(A)

Home(B) + Visited(B)

S-CSCF ISC S-CSCF

Session Charging Function

Rb

Correlation Function Account

Bearer Charging Function

Bearer Charging Function

Correlation Function Account

Rb

Session Charging Function

ISC S-CSCF S-CSCF

Re
Rating Function

Re Rc Rc
Charging information flow

Rating Function

Re

Re

AS(s) AS(s)

Ro
Event Charging Function

Ro
Event Charging Function

AS(s) AS(s)

MRFC MRFC

Ro

SCCF CPCF

SCCF CPCF

Ro

MRFC MRFC

SGSN SGSN

CAP

CAP

SGSN SGSN

Online Charging System

2012/2/10

Online Charging System

26

Offline Charging
 

Based on CDRs collection Successful case and Scenarios



Message Flow

Error Cases and Scenarios



Reception of SIP error messages  CCF Connection Failure  No Reply from CCF  Duplicate Detection  CCF Detected Failure 2012/2/10

27

Visited Network UE P-CSCF CCF (visited) S-CSCF

Home Network CCF (home)

1. INVITE 1. INVITE Service Control 1. INVITE More SIP signalling

2. 200 OK (Invite) Service Control 2. 200 OK (Invite) 2. 200 OK (Invite) 3. Accounting Request [Start] 5. Accounting Request [Start] Open a P-CSCF CDR Open a S-CSCF CDR

6. Accounting Answer

4. Accounting Answer

More SIP signalling

SIP Session established

2012/2/10

Session Establishment-Mobile Origination

28

Visited Network UE P-CSCF CCF (visited) S-CSCF

Home Network CCF (home) I-CSCF 1. INVITE Cx Query with the HSS 1. INVITE 2. Accounting Request [Event] Create I-CSCF CDR 3. Accounting Answer Service Control 1. INVITE

1. INVITE More SIP signalling 4. 200 OK 4. 200 OK 5. Accounting Request [Start] 4. 200 OK 7. Accounting Request [Start] Open P-CSCF CDR Open S-CSCF CDR 6. Accounting Answer 8. Accounting Answer 4. 200 OK

More SIP signalling

SIP Session established

2012/2/10

Session Establishment - Termination

29

Visited Network UE P-CSCF CCF (visited) SIP Session ongoing 1. INVITE/ UPDATE 1. INVITE/ UPDATE S-CSCF

Home Network CCF (home)

Service Control 1. INVITE/ UPDATE

More SIP signalling 2. 200 OK (Invite/Update) Service Control 2. 200 OK (Invite/Update) 2. 200 OK (Invite/Update) 3. Accounting Request [Interim] 5. Accounting Request [Interim]

Update the P-CSCF CDR

Update the S-CSCF CDR

6. Accounting Answer

4. Accounting Answer

SIP Session continues

2012/2/10

Media Modification

30

Visited Network UE P-CSCF 1. BYE 1. BYE CCF (visited) S-CSCF

Home Network CCF (home)

Service Control 2. Accounting Request [Stop] 1. BYE

Close the P-CSCF CDR 4. Accounting Request [Stop] 3. Accounting Answer Close the S-CSCF CDR

5. Accounting Answer

6. 200 OK 6. 200 OK

6. 200 OK

2012/2/10

Session Release

31

Visited Network UE P-SCSF CCF (visited) S-CSCF

Home Network CCF (home)

SIP Session ongoing

1. Abort Session Request 2. Abort Session Answer 3. BYE 3. BYE 3. BYE

4. Accounting Request [Stop]

6. Accounting Request [Stop]

Close the P-CSCF CDR 5. Accounting Answer 8. 200 OK 9. 200 OK

Close the S-CSCF CDR 7. Accounting Answer

10. 200 OK

2012/2/10

CCF Initiated Session Release

32

S-CSCF

AS (Voice Mail) SIP signalling

CCF

1. Invite Voice mail service invoked.

2. 200 OK (Invite) 3. Accounting Request [Start]

Open an AS CDR 4. Accounting Answer Voice mail session (playing announcements, etc.) When voice mail ends, tearing down session

5. BYE 6. Accounting Request [Stop]

Close the AS CDR 7. Accounting Answer

2012/2/10

AS as Mail Server

33

On-line charging
  

Basic principles Basic operation Charging scenarios

2012/2/10

34

Online Charging(1/3)
 

Based on charging event creation Immediate Event Charging (IEC)



Accounting-Record-Type EVENT_RECORD Message Flow Reception of SIP error messages Debit Units Operation Failure Duplicate Detection
35

Successful case and Scenarios



Error Cases and Scenarios

  

2012/2/10

AS / MRFC

ECF

1. Service Request

Debit Units Operation

2. ACR (EVENT_RECORD, RA, RSU)

3. Timer Tx

4. Perform Event Charging Control

5. ACA (EVENT_RECORD, GSU, [CI])

6. Service Delivery

2012/2/10

36

Online Charging(2/3)


Event Charging with Unit Reservation (ECUR)



Accounting-Record-Type START/INTERIM/STOP_RECORD Message Flow Reception of SIP error messages Reserve Units and Debit Units Operation Failure Duplicate Detection
37

Successful case and Scenarios



Error Cases and Scenarios

  

2012/2/10

AS / MRFC

ECF

1. Service Request

Reserve Units Operation 2. ACR (START_RECORD, Reserve Units Req.) 3. Perform Event Charging Control 4. ACA (START_RECORD, Reserve Units Res.)

5. Service Delivery

Reserve Units and Debit Units Operations

6. ACR (INTERIM_RECORD, Debit units+Reserve units Req.) 7. Perform Event Charging Control 8. ACA (INTERIM_RECORD, Debit units+Reserve units Req.)

9. Service Delivery

Debit Units Operation 10. ACR (STOP_RECORD, Debit Units Req.)

11. Perform Event Charging Control

12. ACA (STOP_RECORD, Debit Units Res.)

2012/2/10

38

Online Charging(3/3)


Support of Tariff Switch

 

Using Acct-Interim-Interval AVP Using the Tariff Switch Time AVP

2012/2/10

39

AS/MRFC
1. ACR (START_Record, Reserve Units Req.) 2. ACA (START_Record, Reserve Units Res.) {Tariff Switch Time, Granted Service Unit} Tariff Switch Timer Unit Value (before Tariff Switch)

ECF

Granted Service Unit (Unit Value)

3. Tariff Change

2012/2/10

Unit Value (before Tariff Switch) 4. ACR (STOP_Record, Debit Units Req.) {Used Service Unit (unit value, unit value after tariff switch), time of tariff change} 5. ACA (STOP_Record, Debit Units Res.)

40

Basic principles


Unit determination refers to the calculation of the number of non-monetary units (service units, data volume, time and events) that shall be assigned prior to starting service delivery. Rating refers to the calculation of a price out of the nonmonetary units calculated by the unit determination function. Both can be implemented centralized, i.e. on the ECF, or decentralized, that is, on the AS/MRFC. Two cases for online event charging can be distinguished: immediate event charging and event charging with unit reservation.
2012/2/10 41

Basic principle (cont.)



immediate event charging, granting units to the AS/MRFC is performed in a single operation that also includes the deduction of the corresponding monetary units from the subscriber's account. event charging with unit reservation includes also the process of requesting, reserving and possibly returning units. The deduction of the corresponding monetary units then occurs upon conclusion of the event charging transaction
2012/2/10 42

Basic Operations


"Debit Units Request"; sent from AS/MRFC ECF After receiving a service request from the subscriber, the AS/MRFC sends a Debit Units Request to the ECF. The AS/MRFC may either specify a service identifier (centralised unit determination) or the number of units requested (decentralised unit determination) "Debit Units Response"; sent from ECF AS/MRFC The ECF replies with a Debit Units Response, which informs the AS/MRFC of the number of units granted as a result of the Debit Units Request "Reserve Units Request"; sent from AS/MRFC ECF Request to reserve a number of units for the service to be provided by an AS/MRFC. "Reserve Units Response"; sent from ECF AS/MRFC Response from the ECF which informs the AS/MRFC of the number of units that were reserved as a result of the "Reserve Units Request".
2012/2/10 43

Immediate Event Charging

(1)Decentralized Unit Determination and Centralized Rating (2)Centralized Unit Determination and Centralized Rating (3)Decentralized Unit Determination and Decentralized Rating

2012/2/10

44

UE-A

ECF (SCCF, CPCF)

AS/MRFC

(1)DC

1. SIP Session established

Credit Unit Control 2. Units Determination

3. Debit Units Request (Non-monetary Units)

4. Rating Control 5. Account Control

6. Debit Units Response (Non-monetary Units)

7. Content/Service Delivery

8. Credit Unit Control (cont.)

9. Content/Service Delivery (cont.)

10. SIP Session released

2012/2/10

45

UE-A

ECF (SCCF, CPCF)

AS/MRFC

(2)CC

1. SIP Session established

Credit Service Control

2. Debit Units Request (Service Key)

3. Units Determination

4. Rating Control

5. Account Control
6. Debit Units Response (Non-monetary Units)

7. Content/Service Delivery

8. Credit Service Control (cont.)

9. Content/Service Delivery (cont.)

10. SIP Session released

2012/2/10

46

UE-A

ECF (SCCF, CPCF)

AS/MRFC

(3)DD

1. SIP Session established

Credit Amount Control 2. Units Determination

3. Rating Control
4. Debit Units Request(Monetary Units)

5. Account Control
6. Debit Units Response(Monetary Units)

7. Content/Service Delivery

8. Credit Amount Control (cont.)

9. Content/Service Delivery (cont.)

10. SIP Session released

2012/2/10

47

Event charging with reservation unit

(1)Decentralized Unit Determination and Centralized Rating (2)Centralized Unit Determination and Centralized Rating (3)Decentralized Unit Determination and Decentralized Rating

2012/2/10

48

UE-A

ECF (SCCF, CPCF)

AS/MRFC

(1)DC

1. SIP Session established

2. Units Determination

3. Reserve Units Request (Non-monetary Units)

4. Rating Control 5. Account Control 6.Reservation Control

7. Reserve Units Response (Non-monetary Units)

8. Reserved Units Supervision

9. Content/Service Delivery

10. Debit Units Request (Non-monetary Units)

11. Rating Control

12. Account Control

13. Debit Units Response (Non-monetary Units)

14. SIP Session released

2012/2/10

49

UEa

ECF (SCCF, CPCF)

AS/MRFC

(2)CC

1. SIP Session established

2. Reserve Units Request (Service Key)

3. Units Determination 4. Rating Control

5. Account Control 6. Reservation Control

7. Reserve Units Response (Non-monetary Units)

8. Granted Units Supervision

9. Content/Service Delivery

10. Debit Units Request (Non-monetary Units)

11. Rating Control

12. Account Control

13. Debit Units Response (Non-monetary Units)

2012/2/10

14. SIP Session released

50

UEa

(3)DD

ECF (SCCF, CPCF)

AS/MRFC

1. SIP Session established

2. Units Determination 3. Rating Control

4. Reserve Units Request (Monetary Units)

5. Account Control 6. Reservation Control

7. Reserve Units Response (Monetary Units)

8. Budget Control
9. Content/Service Delivery

10. Debit Units Request (Monetary Units)

11. Account Control

12. Debit Units Response (Monetary Units)

13. SIP Session released

2012/2/10

51

Application Services (MMS)

 

Specified in TS 32.235 Charging Principles

  

Usage of the MMS resources Storage duration Usage of the general Packet-Switched domain resources Etc.

Charging scenarios
52

2012/2/10

Charging scenarios


 

Originator and Recipient MMS Relay Server are the same Originator and Recipient MMS Relay Server are not the same MMBox management MMS VAS Application

2012/2/10

53

Originator and Recipient MMS Relay Server are not the same
Originator MMS UA Originator MMS Relay/ Server Recipient MMS Relay/ Server Recipient MMS UA

MM1_submit.REQ MM1_submit.RES
A1

MM4_forward.REQ
A2 B1

MM4_forward.RES
A3 B2

MM1_notification. REQ MM1_notification. RES

B3

MM1_retrieve.REQ MM1_retrieve.RES
B4

B5

MM1_acknowledge ment.REQ

A4

MM4_delivery_report.REQ MM4_delivery_report.RES

B6 B7

MM1_delivery_ report.REQ

A5 B8

MM1_read_reply_ recipient.REQ

A6

MM4_read_reply_report.REQ MM4_read_reply_report.RES

B9 B10

2012/2/10

MM1_read_reply_ originator.REQ

A7

54

MMS VAS Application

VASP Originator MMS R/S
MM1_submit. REQ MM7_deliver. REQ
1

MM7_deliver. RES

MM7_submit. REQ MM7_submit. RES

3

MM1_notification. REQ MM7_delivery_report. REQ

4

MM7_delivery_report. RES
5

MM71_submit. REQ MM7_submit. RES

6

MM7_replace. REQ MM7_replace. RES

7

MM7_cancel. REQ MM7_cancel. RES

8

2012/2/10

55