The French Revolution and Napoleon

Section 2

The Republic
Preview
Main Idea / Reading Focus A Radical Government The Reign of Terror Quick Facts: Governments of Revolutionary France

The French Revolution and Napoleon

Section 2

The Republic
Main Idea
An extreme government changed French society and tried through harsh means to eliminate its critics within France.

Reading Focus
What changes did the radical government make in French society and politics? What was the Reign of Terror, and how did it end?

The French Revolution and Napoleon

The French Revolution and Napoleon

Section 2

Section 2: The French Revolution Unfolds

Witness History Audio: Parisian Women Storm Versailles

Political Crisis Leads to Revolt

Famine and rumors fueled peasant revolts in the countryside. Parisians were splintered into various factions who fought for power. Note Taking Transparency 76

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The French Revolution and Napoleon

Section 2

Creating a New Nation

Legislating New Rights
Feudal dues eliminated Declaration laid out liberty, equality, fraternity Inspired by the English Bill of Rights, American Declaration of Independence, and the writings of Enlightenment philosophers Men are born equal and remain equal under the law The rights did not extend to women

Restrictions on Power
Louis tried to protect his throne Angered the common people Prices still high; mob broke into the palace demanding bread Royal family seized; National Assembly took bolder steps Passed laws against the church, clergy, and public employees Some outraged by actions

The French Revolution and Napoleon

The French Revolution and Napoleon: Section 2

Section 2

Color Transparency 109: High Fashion in France

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The French Revolution and Napoleon

The French Revolution and Napoleon

Section 2

Section 2: The French Revolution Unfolds

The National Assembly Acts
The National Assembly finally voted to give up many of their exclusive privileges and declared Feudalism is abolished. In the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen, all male citizens were proclaimed equal before the law, which disappointed many women. Color Transparency 109: High Fashion in France

The National Assembly Presses Onward

The National Assembly voted to take over and sell Church lands and to place the Catholic Church under state control. The Assembly also produced the Constitution of 1791, which set up a limited monarchy. Louis XVI and his family attempted an escape from France, but were discovered and sent back to Paris.

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The French Revolution and Napoleon

Section 2

The French Plague

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The French Revolution and Napoleon

Section 2

Formation of a New Government

In 1791, the Legislative Assembly is formed. Citizens gained broad voting rights, but rights were not universal. Constitution restricted power of king and ended distinctions of birth. King and queen feared they would be harmed.

Foreign Powers

End of Monarchy

Austria and Prussia warned against August 10, 1792 royal family imprisoned by mob harming monarchs Radical faction took charge with Austrian army defeats French National Convention Financial strain of war, food Monarchy abolished; France shortages, and high prices declared a republic King blamed; action demanded

French revolutionary troops won the Battle of Valmy. New French republic held ground against Europes Old Order.

The French Revolution and Napoleon

The French Revolution and Napoleon

Section 2

Section 2: The French Revolution Unfolds

Radicals Take Over

Soon, radicals held power in the Legislative Assembly. They wanted a republic, not a monarchy. The radicals also declared war on the tyrannical rulers in Austria, Prussia, Britain, and other states. Color Transparency 107: The French Plague

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The French Revolution and Napoleon

Section 2

A Radical Government
In 1792, the radical representatives were in charge of the National Convention. The constitutional monarchy came to a violent end, and France became a republic.

Factions
Radical Mountain Moderate Girondins The Plain (swing voters) No group had program or plan of action Personal rivalries

Leaders
Marat
Sansculottes, advocate of violence

Executions
King put to death by guillotine Europeans reacted with horror
Revolution savagery condemned

Danton
Compromiser

Robespierre
Dedicated radical

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The French Revolution and Napoleon

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