INTRODUCTION

A)INTERNET ORIGIN
1) PACKET SWITCHING:

Packets are units of electronic information or data while switching refers to the way that packets are transmitted over a network. Under this theory information would continue to flow even if some paths to a particular destination became unavailable.

2) BUILDING THE ARPANET 3) IMPROVING COMMUNICATION:

As the ARPANET expanded the growing community of network users began developing new applications. One experiment that took place in 1971 was the introduction of working email program.

4) CONNECTING THE NETWORKS

ARPANET was no longer the only packet
switching network in existence. A number of companies adopted the technology to create

different types of computer networks. Each

network was different working within its own protocols, hardware and software

B) INTERNET ARCHITECHTURE
TCP/IP: TCP breaks down and reassembles the packets whereas IP is responsible for ensuring the packets are sent to the right destination. TCP is responsible for the data delivery of a packet and IP is responsible for the logical addressing. IP obtains the address and TCP guarantees delivery of data to that address.

ROUTERS: They are the traffic cops of the internet. They open the IP packets of data to read the destination address, calculate the best route and then send the packet toward its final destination. When routers determine the next router to receive packets factors like traffic congestion and the number of hops come into play. They have 2 or more physical ports: receiving (input) and sending(output)

INVENTION OF WORLD WIDE WEB

A)CREATING WEB ADDRESSES
B)SURFING AND SEARCHING THE WEB: The first graphical user interfaces (GUI) for the web which appeared in 1993 were known as web browsers.

C)TRANSFORMING THE INTERNET

HOW THE INTERNET WORKS

A)PACKET SWITCHING: All information sent over the internet is broken into packets and these

packets are sent separately through any

number of different routes to their final destination.

B)PROTOCOLS: All computers connected to the internet operate on a set of rules or protocols: TCP or IP C) COMMUNICATING ON THE INTERNET

D) THE WORLD WIDE WEB

APPLICATIONS
ONLINE LEARNING

E COMMERCE
INTERNET MARKETING AND BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY E SERVICE INTERNET JOB SEARCHING

BLOGGING
SOCIAL NETWORKING

INTERNET TOOLS
A)TELNET: From your own home or office you

can log on to another computer, issue

commands just as if you were at that computers Keyboard and then gain access to all the computers resources. You do this with TELNET. It follows a client/server model. Distant computer is called host.

B) FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL Many tens of thousands of files are downloaded every day over internet. Most of these files are downloaded using FTP. You can also upload files from your computer to another computer on the internet. C)JAVA: Java programs run inside your web browser if you have java enabled browser such as Netscape.

D) ACTIVEX: ActiveX ,a technology from

Microsoft enables internet programmers to

create programs referred to as ActiveX controls or

components.
E)JAVA SCRIPT: It is a scripting language that is less complex and therefore much easier to learn than Java and ActiveX.

CGI

SCRIPT:

It

refers

to

the

communications protocol by which a

web server can communicate with other applications.CGI application sometimes called a script is used to enable web users to access databases

or get information from forms people

fill out.

IMPACT OF INTERNET ON SOCIETY

The internet has revolutionized communication in modern life. Email is fast, cheap and easy to use which has made it the primary form of communication for many people. Internet Relay Chat(IRC) and instant messaging(IM) are two important internet communications. It has also produced a number of drawbacks including criminal activity and invasion of privacy.

The Internet enables criminals to target larger numbers of victims more quickly and at greater distances ever before. Cybercriminals take form as hackers who break into computer systems to steal information. One of the most common sources of viruses are files attached to email messages which automatically send copies of themselves to everyone on an infected computers email address list.

INTERNET SECURITY
A)FIREWALLS: They are hardware and

software combinations that are built

using routers, servers and a variety software. One of the simplest kinds of firewalls utilizes packet filtering. A proxy server also used in firewalls is

server software that runs on a host in a

firewall such as a bastion host.

B)CRYPTOGRAPHY,PRIVACY AND DIGITAL CERTIFICATES:

There are 2 kinds of encryption systems: Secret key

cryptography and public-key also called asymmetric cryptography. In public-key two keys are involved:

public and private. Digital certificates use encryption to

verify that person sending info is really the same or not. They are issued by certificate authorities.

Presented By: CHAVA NITHIN