Index

- A Land of Monuments

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Classification of Historical Monuments

A historical monument is not necessarily a fort or a tomb.

Index

temple

It may be a temple, a mosque, or cave, a minaret , a memorial or a pillar.

mosque

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Index

cave

minaret

memorial

pillar
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Forts

Index

Many of the rulers were great patrons of art and architecture. They built amazing buildings and forts which reflected high skills and excellence. Eg:- Agra Fort, Red fort, Jaisalmer fort, Taragarh fort, Gwalior fort, Chittorgarh fort, Golconda fort, Purana Quila, Junagarh fort, Amber fort, Lal Quila.

AGRA FORT

RED FORT

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jaisalmer fort

TARAGARH FORT

GWALIOR FORT

CHITTORGARH FORT

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GOLCONDA FORT

PURANA QILA

JUNAGARH FORT
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AMBER FORT

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Index

LAL QUILA

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Index

Religious Monuments.

Besides the forts we have many religious monuments. So, lets learn about them.

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Religious monument
The Meenakshi temple in Madurai was built by the Pandayan King.

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The world famous Konark Sun Temple was built by King Narasihmadev I of Ganga dynasty, around 13th century to celebrate his victory over the Muslims

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The Golden Temple in Punjab was built in 1574 A.D. Maharaja Ranjit Singh had the upper half of the the building built with 400kg of gold leaf.

Stupas are dome-shaped sacred monuments to the Buddhists and contain religious relics and texts. Sanchi Stupa in Madhya Pradesh, built by Emperor Ashoka is one such example.

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Jama Masjid in Delhi was built in 1658 by Emperor Shah Jahan. It is the largest mosque in India.

Santa Cruz Basilica in Kochi is considered to be the oldest church in India. Celebrations for its 500th anniversary are on, and will go on throughout the year.

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Caves

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AJANTA CAVES

ELLORA CAVES

The caves of Ajanta and Ellora in Maharashtra, is an outstanding piece of sculpture in our country. The Ajanata caves were built during 4th century and the Ellora caves were built during 7th century.
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Minarets

Index

In 1199, Qutub Minar was raised by the slave dynasty emperor Qutub ud din Aibak. Before it could be finished, he died and so the construction of the minaret was completed by his son-in-law, Iltutmish. Vijay Stambha was built between 1442 1449 by Maharana Kumbha after his victory over Muslim ruler of Malwa and Gujarat.

Char Minar is an impressive mosque built by Mohammad Quli Shah in 1591 to memorialize the eradication of the dreaded plague as per the legend.

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Mausoleums.

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Mausoleums are tombs with burial chambers in it. e.g Sikandra, Humayuns tomb, Taj Mahal.

Akbars Tomb at SIKANDRA

HUMAYUNS TOMB

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THE TAJ MAHAL

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Monuments shows scientific Advancement.

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Jantar Mantar - This largest stone observatory in the

world has a very interesting story behind its construction. Sawai Jai Singh, the founder of five observatories in India including this one, was a great admirer of developments in science and technology, especially astronomy. Situated near the gate of the City Palace, the observatory has 18 large instruments, many of them still in working condition.

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Hawa Mahal

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Strange though it may seem, this most famous landmark of Jaipur is not actually a palace but a series of sandstone screens. This pink structure was constructed so that the ladies of the palace could watch the royal processions without being seen by any outsider. This sandstone edifice was named Palace of Winds after the many brass wind vanes that adorned it until 1960s.

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BAOLIS

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India's stepwells baoli or baori, , the names vary from one place to another - are huge water reservoirs, dug into the ground in ledges. They have a series of steps in one or more of its walls, that access the stored water. Some even have a ramp for cattle. This brilliant concept, born out of exclusively practical reasons, allows, not only a more efficient use with any level of water, but also an easier maintenance of the well itself. It is thought that the stepwells appeared around 800 years ago, in west India and in Pakistan, although some argue that they are even older. They slowly took the place of ordinary water storage systems and became pretty common, especially in dry climates. With time, their role began to change and they became richer, extending beyond purely functional purposes. During the hot Indian summer, for instance, they became gathering places, where people could peacefully enjoy the shade and freshness.

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Index

It is a big task to take care of these historical monuments in India. ASI (Archeological Survey of India) along with many other NGOs, does that. We must also do our own bit to take care of these monuments.

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