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Understanding the
Mechanisms of Mind
James S. Albus
Senior NIST Fellow Intelligent Systems Division National Institute of Standards and Technology Bldg 220, Rm B-124 Gaithersburg, MD 20899
james.albus@nist.gov
NIST Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory Intelligent Systems Division
Goal
A Scientific Theory of Mind
Extend the frontiers of human knowledge to include a scientific understanding of the processes in the human brain that give rise to the phenomenon of mind.
Approach
Bring together researchers from top laboratories around the country with a common focus for a
Why Now?
The science & technology is ready
Neurosciences computation and representation in the brain - biochemistry, synaptic transmission, functional modules, brain imaging Cognitive Modeling representation and use of knowledge
- mathematics, logic, language, learning, problem solving
Computational Power speed and memory that rival the brain - >1010 ops today, heading for >1015 ops. Depth Imaging geometrical modeling of 3-D world
- image & map segmentation, classification, symbol grounding
Technology is emerging to conduct definitive experiments Significant military and economic applications will develop early in the century
NIST Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory Intelligent Systems Division
We live at a unique point in the history of science. The technology to discover and characterize how the subjective mind emerges out of the objective brain is within reach. The next years will prove decisive.
-- Christof Koch from The Quest for Consciousness
2004
Money Is Flowing
Military Future Combat System, UGV, UAV, UUV, UGS Commercial autos, trucks Entertainment video games Academic AI, robotics Billions of $ will be invested over the next decade
Progress is rapid
Intelligent Machines Will Be Critical for Military Security and Economic Prosperity
NIST Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory Intelligent Systems Division
Understanding the
Mechanisms of Mind
1. Theory and Fundamental Science 2. Experimental Test Environment 3. Practical Applications 4. Performance Metrics 5. Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues
NIST Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory Intelligent Systems Division
3. Practical Applications
Goal: To apply intelligent systems technology to social and economic problems such as:
Manufacturing autos, appliances, planes, drugs, textiles Construction roads, bridges, homes, businesses, factories Transportation trucks, cars, buses, planes, trains Agriculture planting, harvesting, tending, aquaculture Mining and drilling digging, hauling, undersea ops Recycling and environmental restoration Renewable sources of energy Education and entertainment Aids to handicapped and elderly Medical and nursing care
NIST Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory Intelligent Systems Division
4. Metrics
Goals: a) To develop methods and measures for verifying, validating, and evaluating models of mind and brain. b) To develop methods and measures for measuring the performance of intelligent machines and systems.
Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures (BICA) Biomemetic Computing Personalized Assistant that Learns (PAL) Transfer Learning Integrated Learning Architectures for Cognitive Information Processing (ACIP) Global Autonomous Language Exploitation (GALE) Advanced Soldier Sensor Information System and Technology (ASSIST) Real-World Reasoning (REAL) Coordination Decision Support Assistants (Coordinators)
NIST Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory Intelligent Systems Division
Improving Warfighter Information Intake Under Stress Human-Assisted Neural Devices Revolutionizing Prosthetics Neurotechnology for Intelligence Analysts About to begin a program to understand how the brain and vision system work together to process and recognize images
Feedback Questions
If you wish to register your opinion on any of these issues, please e-mail me at:
James.Albus@nist.gov
Or snail-mail to: James Albus National Institute of Standards and Technology Bldg 220, Rm B-124 Gaithersburg, MD 20899
Feedback Questions
1) Do you believe that a scientific theory of mind is a desirable goal? 2) Do you believe that a scientific theory of mind is achievable: within a decade? within two decades? before 2050? before 3000? never? 3) In your field of expertise, if you had a $ 50 million budget, and a 10 year planning horizon: what program of research would you propose? 4) How much could you usefully spend?
NIST Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory Intelligent Systems Division
Feedback Questions
5) What areas of the brain would you choose to model? 6) What phenomena of the mind would you choose to model? 7) What parameters would you include in your model? 8) How would propose to test your model? 9) What kinds of experimental apparatus would be required to validate your model? 10) How would you demonstrate and evaluate results? 11) What are the fundamental metrics and measures?
Feedback Questions
12) What applications could be expected to result from success in what you propose? in medicine? in clinical practice? in health care? in manufacturing? in transportation? in construction? in services? in other areas? 13) In each area, estimate the economic and social benefits, costs, and risks. 14) What do you think is the best approach to raising money and garnering political support? 15) What are the pitfalls one should anticipate? 16) What are the downside risks? 17) What agencies are likely to provide funding? 18) What other questions need to be asked?