Retention Phase of Orthodontics

It is the functional adaptation period, following active orthodontic phase.

Biological basis of retention

Within a short period of time , most of the periodontal fibers realign themselves, the supra-alveolar and transeptal fibers change very slowly. Woven bone matures into bundle bone.

Factors affecting retention planning 1- Original mal-occlusion. 2- lengths of cusps, relation of inclined plane. 3-status of perio-oral muscles. 4- Etiology of malocclusion. 5- Skeletal age of the patient.

Factors affecting retention planning 6- Cooperation of the patient. 7-Distance of the teeth movement. 8-Length of active period. 9- Status of cranio-facial growth. 10-Post-treatment occlusion. 11- Status of third molars

Types of retainers
1- Removable retainer. 2- Fixed retainer. 3- Positioner.

Duration of Retention
1- No Retention 2- Permanent Retention. 3- Temporary Retention.

Orthodontic Relapse

Relapse is the loss of correction achieved through orthodontic treatment.

Common relapse problems

1-Collapse of mandibular expansion. 2- Relapse of corrected open bite or deep bite. 3- Relapse of posterior cross- bite. 4- Relapse of corrected rotation, Re -apperance spacing or crowding

Etiology of relapse
1-Improper orthodontic diagnosis. 2- Inadequate