OTBM:INTRO & BIOMECHANICS OF HUMAN BONES,SKELETEL ARTICULATION AND Click to edit Master subtitle style MUSCLES

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Berikan definisi berkaitan

1.Biomekanik -is a mechanical principal used in study of living organisms 2.Statik Is a branch of mechanics that dealing with a system in a constant state of motion 3.Dinamik Is a branch of mechanics that dealing with a system of subject of acceleration. 4.Mekanik Is a branch of physics that analyze action of forces on particles and mechanical systems 3/8/12

Kajian yg boleh dilakukan dr sudut biomekanik..

1.Gravitational

force give effect to the musculoskeletel system. 2.Better performance in sports and minimize injuries 3.A gait that optimizes energy consumption 4.Design better apperal and ground surface 5.Better techniques in lifting,carrying and running.

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Fungsi fibrocartilage
1.Distribution

of loads 2.improvement to fit 3.as lubrications 4.protects of the periphery 5.shocks absorber 6.limitations of translation

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Kesan senaman terhadap tulang

1.model-formation

of new bone 2.Remodelling-absorb fatigue damage older bone and subsequent formation of new bone. 3.modelling and remodelling are ongoing process 4.bone hypotrophy-decrease in bone mass and resulting from predominance of osteoblast activity 5.bone atrophy-increase in bone mass and resulting from predominance of osteoclast activity
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Senaman yg boleh meningkatkan fleksibiliti sendi and passive stretching 1.Active

-active stretching tendons,ligament and muscles actively involved tension in the antagonist muscles. -passive stretching tendons,ligament and muscles involved stretching force other than tension in the antagonist muscles. 2.Ballistic and static stretching -Ballistic-bouncing -static-walk slowley,at the end of time maintain 10-30 sec. 3.Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation 3/8/12

Kecederaan pada tulang

fracture -fracture at the angle other than the right angle to the axis of the bone. 2.Transverse fracture -completely fractured and brake at the right angle axis of the bone 3.Communitated fracture -completely fractured and fragments of the bone 4.Fissured fracture -involved incompletely longitudinal break 5.Green stick fracture 3/8/12
1.oblique

Kecederaan pada otot

1.Sprains

-overstretching of muscle tissues 2.Cramps -inbalance of electrolyt,calcium and magnesium and dehydration\ 3.Compartment syndrome Hemorrhage and excessive exertion 4.Daily onset muscle soreness(DOMS) Muscle soreness occurred some period of time followind unaccustomed exercise
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Kecederaan pada sendi

1.Sprains

-tearing of ligament 2.Dislocations -displacement of articulating bones from joints 3.Athritis -joint inflammation,pain and swelling 4.Osteoathritis -degenerative joint disease 5.Bursitis Overuse injuriesbecause of excessive use of joint which then produced irritation and 3/8/12 inflamation of bursae.