Terascale Supernova Initiative

Discovering New Dynamics of Core-Collapse Supernova Shock Waves

John M. Blondin NC State University

Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing

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A Long History of Computational Physics

1966 Colgate and White Neutrino-Driven prompt explosion

1985 Bethe and Wilson Shock reheating via neutrino energy deposition 1992 Herant, Benz, and Colgate Convective instability above neutrino-sphere

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The Modern Picture

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It all starts with core collapse

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First generation of 2D SN models hinted at a low-order asymmetry in the shock wave at late times (100s of msec after bounce).
Burrows, Hayes & Fryxell 1995

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Dynamics of the Supernova Shock Wave

When, Where and How is spherical symmetry is broken?

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Modeling post-bounce shock

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SN Code Verification
Houck and Chevalier 1992 Blondin and Mezzacappa 2005

This post-bounce model provides an opportunity to verify supernova codes against the results of a linear perturbation analysis.
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Spherical Accretion Shock Instability

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SASI
Standing pressure waves within the cavity of a spherical accretion shock are amplified with each oscillation. The shock becomes significantly distorted after only a few periods. In core-collapse supernovae, SASI will operate in conjunction (competition?) with neutrino-driven convection.

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Must move to 3D!

This initial SASI discovery with axisymmetric 2D simulations pointed to the obvious need for models in full 3D.

To better understand the challenges of 3D, let us first look at the process of discovery for the initial 2D models.
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Hurdles for Large-Scale 3D

Simulation code Floating points Data output Data transport

Not a problem
Thank you DOE It works Does not work

Visualization and analysis

I cant see!

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First Results: SASI Exists in 3D

3D Cartesian grid 100 Million zones 100s of processors 100s of GB in full run
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With data stuck on the West Coast, this was science in the dark!
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Science Begins with Data

Scientific discovery is done with interactive access to data.
Must have interactive access on a large-memory computer for analysis and visualization. Must have high bandwidth in accessing the data. Must have sufficient storage to hold data for weeks/months.
Shared file system

Cray X1 Billion-cell simulation in 30 hours generates 4 terabytes

Visualization platform

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Interactive Visualization of TB Datasets

Q uic kT ime a n d a T IFF ( Un co m pr e ss e d) d ec o mp re s so r a re n ee d ed to s e e th i p ictu r e. s

A commodity linux cluster provides all the must haves.

Data is sliced into slabs and stored on local disks on the cluster nodes. EnSight Gold provides an easy visualization solution, including remote client-server operation and collaboration.

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We have jumped the hurdle, but there is much more to be gained. Current research in scientific visualization is providing glimpses of very powerful new techniques. The next step is to get these tools into the hands of application scientists so they can explore their data.

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LoRS tools / IBP depots

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Data Flow Continues to Evolve

Supercomputer (flops)
Run Simulation On 100s to 1000s of cpus

Analysis Cluster (interactive)

Parallel analysis and vis on distributed data

Logistical Network
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Forecast looks challenging

Current full physics models in 2 spatial dimensions (2562 ) produce 70 GB per run.
Current limited physics models in 3 spatial dimensions (10003) produce 4 TB per run. We know this problem must be attacked in 3D with accurate nuclear physics and neutrino transport. With advances in code development and computing platforms, we are looking at PB datasets in the near future!

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