HVDC Transmission

Technical Seminar Presentation

HVDC TRANSMISSION

NIST, Berhampur
Under the guidance of :

Mr. Gayadhar Panda

Technical Seminar Advisor
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HVDC Transmission

INTRODUCTION
Technical Seminar Presentation

Now a days large blocks of power are needed to be transmitted. There arises some technical problems of transmitting power to such a long distance using ac. In the view of the draw backs of ac the HVDC transmission has come into picture.
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HVDC Transmission

Technical Seminar Presentation

The first dc link was set up in 1954 in between Swedish main land and the island of Gotland. The use of an HVDC link in an ac system requires converter stations at each end of the line.

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ADVANTAGES
Technical Seminar Presentation

Advantages of dc transmission

Technical Advantages

Economic Advantages

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HVDC Transmission

Technical Seminar Presentation

Technical Advantages
Reactive power requirement System stability Short Circuit Current Independent Control of ac system Fast change of energy flow Lesser Corona Loss and Radio interference Greater Reliability.
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Technical Seminar Presentation

No limits in transmitted distance Direction of power flow can be changed very quickly

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HVDC Transmission

Economic advantages
Technical Seminar Presentation

DC lines and cables are cheaper than ac lines or cables. The towers of the dc lines are narrower, simpler and cheaper compared to the towers of the ac lines. Line losses in a dc line are lower than the losses in an ac lines.
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HVDC Transmission

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Technical Seminar Presentation

Comparison between the prices of AC & DC Transmission

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Technical Seminar Presentation

Types of DC links

Monopolar Bipolar

Homopolar

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Monopolar link
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Bipolar Link
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HVDC Transmission

Technical Seminar Presentation

Incorporating HVDC into AC systems Two terminal DC link point to point transmission. Back to Back DC link DC line in Parallel with AC link. Multi-Terminal DC link.

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HVDC Transmission

Technical Seminar Presentation

Thyristor valves Converter Transformer DC Reactor Harmonics Filtering Equipment Control Equipment Reactive power compensation

CONVERTER STATION EQUIPMENT

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HVDC Transmission

Technical Seminar Presentation

Most dc transmission lines use ground return for reasons of economy and reliability Ground return are used by the monopolar and the bipolar link for carrying the return current. The ground path has a low resistance and, therefore low power loss as compared to a metallic conductor path provided the ground electrodes are properly designed. The resistance of the ground path is independent of the depth of the line.

GROUND RETURN

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HVDC Transmission

PROBLEMS
Technical Seminar Presentation

The Design of grounding electrodes for low cost of installation and maintenance Location and screening of electrodes so that ground currents cause negligible electrolytic corrosion of buried and immersed metallic structures.

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HVDC Transmission

EARTH ELECTRODE
Technical Seminar Presentation

HVDC system requires a properly designed earth electrode at each station. The electrode is situated at a safe distance (5 to 30 km) from the station. The earth electrode at one of the station acts as a anode and at the other end acts as a cathode.

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HVDC Transmission

RECENT ADVANCES
Technical Seminar Presentation

GTOs have come into use. Use of active ac and dc filters. Advanced fully digital control systems using optical fibers.

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CONCLUSION
Technical Seminar Presentation

Recent studies indicate that HVDC systems are very reliable. The data collected from 31 utilities says that forced unavailability of energy due to the converter station is 1.62% The scheduled unavailability of energy is about 5.39%.
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HVDC Transmission

Technical Seminar Presentation

Thank you!

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