Embedded System

Made under the guidance of CMC pvt.ltd noida From 15 june to 20july 2011
Help by:Manish sir Vineet sir

Submitted by:-

Nikhil Jain

Definitions

Arrangments in which all units assembles & work together according to program or plan Embedded system is one that has dedicated purpose software embedded in a computer hardware Eg: time display system, washing machine etc. characteristics:-dedicated functions, dedicated algo,GUI

Computer v/s embedded

computer

embedded

It has microprocessor, large memory(primary,second -ary),I/O units(keyboard, mouse ,lcd,printer) And General purpose user interface,AS

Embeds hardware to give computer functionalities Embeds AS to flash or ROM Embeds RTOS to give priorities and timing to task in AS

Embedded hardware units

Commonly used microcontroller in embedded

Small scale embedded systems 8/16 bit microcontroller

8051 family

Hitachi H8

PIC16F8X

68HC11XX

Microprocessors V/S Microcontrollers

Microprocessors

Microcontroller

Have many opcodes for moving data from external memory to CPU One or two bit handling instructions

Have one or two opcodes

Have many bit handling instructions

Intended to general purpose digital computer

Intended to Special purpose digital computer

It have internal RAM ROM,timers

Does not have internal RAM ROM, timers

Atmel & AT89c51

Introduces first 8 bit flash microcontroller in 1993 based on 8051 core It is low power high performance CMOS 8 bit microcontroller with 4k bytes memory On chip allows the program memory to re program in system Features:Fully static operation 0-24 MHZ 128x8 bit internal RAM 32 programmable I/O lines two 16 bit timers Low power ideal &power down modes

DTMF driver IC MT8870

Integrates both band split filter and decoder function into a single chip Low power consumption (35mw) & precise data handling Filter uses capacitor for both high &low group dial tone rejection decoder uses digital counting techniques to detect & decode all 16 DTMF tone pairs into a 4-bit code. The M-8870-02 provides a power-down option to 0.5 mW

Application & Features

Features Adjustable Acquisition and Release Time Inexpensive 3.58 MHz Time Base Single 5 Volt Power Supply Dial Tone Suppression Applications Telephone switch equipments Remote data entry Paging systems

DC Motor control IC L293d

It is 16 pin chip used to control rotation of motor Design to control 2 motor having 2 I/O pins each How to control motor:A B Rotation 0 0 stop 0 1 clockwise 1 0 Anticlockwise 1 1 stop 2 enable pin must be high(+5V) if Gnd motor stop

L293D Chip

Interfacing seven segment display

Used for display decimal no and alphabets Basic LED operation:Anode at higher potential than cathode(~1.5v) Anode cathod Current determines brightness Current Flow Current amt. controls by resistors If resistor large current small LED not glow If resistor small current large LED damage When LED on v~1.5v SSD have two configuration:Common anode Common cathode
e

Common anode V/S Common cathode

Common Anode

Common Cathode

At 5v LED off & at 0v LED on The 220 resistor controls the current. A larger resistor . . . less current . . . dimmer LED A smaller resistor . . . more current . . . Brighter LED

At 5v LED on & at 0v LED off The 220 resistor controls the current. A larger resistor . . . less current . . . dimmer LED A smaller resistor . . . more current . . . Brighter LED

Dual tone multi frequency (DTMF)

Tone when key pressed is DTMF The received tone is processed by the AT89C52 microcontroller with the help of DTMF decoder MT8870. Decoder decodes into binary no & send to microcontroller Used for telephone signaling in voice freq band It assigns specific freq to each digit to be understood by electronic circuit