BEE 549 Tracy Arras March 2011

Utilize EPA SWMM to understand basic runoff modeling for a small urban area
SWMM is public software
Designed for modeling storm water in urban areas Lumped model Source code available

Utilize XPSWMM to investigate a coupled 1D/2D model for flood analysis

XPSWMM is not a public software No source code Designed for modeling of storm water, sanitary and river

systems in urban areas

Population ~49,000 Elevation: 180-430 ft Urban area & pasture/hay edges Drains to Willamette River

LiDAR Bare ground 3ft resolution 10 M DEM STATSGO SOIL USGS 2001 LAND COVER NHD PLUS STREAMS Meter 2005 Orthophotography City of Albany GIS streets, buildings, ditches, etc.

LiDAR could not be used because detects urban features and delineates small catchments

Final catchments based on drainage pattern may not be correct. Southern part by canal ?

 Uses MS ACCESS for DB Not user friendly Soil in study area: Silt Loam Ksat high - 14.5 in/hr Ksat rep 9 in/hr Ksat low 4 in/hr

14 Catchments defined using ArcHydro methodology Catchments drain to USGS Periwinkle Creek gauge Terrain relatively flat: 152-262 Periwinkle Creek runs through

Land use: 85% residential 9% pasture/hay 5% open space 1% water/wetlands

2 USGS stream gauges with only one or two flow measurements

City of Albany 5 min gauge hts

15 minute gauge data Located Albany Waste Water Treatment Plant

Flow determined from Gauge height and Mannings n. Note: Mannings n determined From channel geometry and a single USGS flow measurement.

Outflow for catchments

Hydraulic Conductivity not sensitive WIDTH of overland flow very sensitive! (area divided by longest overland flow length) Width - in an urban area typically is the distance from the back of the lot to the center of the street Width often a calibration parameter whose value is adjusted to produce a good between observed and modeled hydrograph

Investigate a coupled 1D/2D model for flood analysis along Periwinkle Creek, Albany, Oregon

From LiDAR create TIN, import in XPSWMM Create DTM Create Inflow Boundary Conditions

2D DTM from LiDAR 1D Culverts Inlet Flow Boundary Conditions Outlet Flow Conditions

Max flow (cfs)

Cell Size Conduit1 Conduit2 Conduit3 20 ft 91.8035 69.8512 41.8063 10 ft 91.142 71.4768 50.7645 8 ft 5ft 91.6966 * 71.6581 * 50.0546 *

Total flow (ft^3)

Cell Size 20 ft 10 ft 8 ft 5 ft

Conduit1
Conduit2 Conduit3

288,103.40
132,314.04 38,100.80

308,075.19
155,898.72 71,798.10

310,451.04 *
157,757.59 * 71,867.65 *

Mannings n can be calculated from channel geometry and a single USGS flow measurement Flow can be calculated from Mannings n and gauge height but

Can a model be calibrated and verified using flow data calculated in this manner? Can it be defended?

Test different grid resolutions on hydrographs over conduits Investigate time stepscourant numbers Test changing stream to 1D with defined channel Model urban 1D/2D to incorporate storm drains and conduits 5 m resolutionerrorexceed maximum 2D cell count 1,000,000!!!