Seminar Presentation on

Reduction in induction motor heating fed by a new PWM technique

Points to be covered:

1) What is PWM? 2) Why PWM to reduce harmonic losses?

3) Various PWM techniques

4) SPWM 5) HIPWM 6) HIPWM-FMTC 7) Laboratory Experimental Setup

8) Results
9) Conclusion 10) References

What is PWM?

PWM- Pulse width modulation

Pulse-width modulation (PWM) is a very efficient way of providing intermediate amounts of electrical power between fully on and fully off.

PWM can be used to reduce the total amount of power delivered to a load without losses normally incurred when a power source is limited by resistive means.

Why PWM?
Disadvantages of Harmonics : Harmonics increase losses and cause heat problems in the machine resulting in wear of the insulation covering the conductors and reducing the systems performance. Another adverse effect is that magnetic fields are produced in the yoke, some of which rotate in the same direction as and others in the opposite direction to the main field, causing par fluctuations, vibration and noise. By PWM technique : Control of inverter output voltage Reduction of harmonics

Various PWM techniques

SPWM (Sine Pulse width modulation)

HIPWM (Harmonic injection pulse width modulation)

HIPWM-FMTC(Harmonic Injection Pulse Width Modulation and Frequency Modulated Triangular Carrier )

SPWM
The most classic generated pulse width modulation technique. This involves a high frequency triangular signal as a carrier, and a sinusoidal modulator with fundamental frequency Comparing the two gives the sinusoidal pulse width modulated signal (SPWM).

Modulator wave

Carrier Wave

Modulated wave Sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM); modulating wave

Disadvantages of SPWM :

Generates a fundamental term with small amplitude

Significant amount of undesired harmonics.

HIPWM
This technique is born out of the SPWM.

This technique consists of over modulating the sinusoidal modulator .

Carrier wave

Modulator wave

Modulated wave

Harmonic injection pulse width modulation (HIPWM);modulating wave, carrier wave and resulting modulated wave

HIPWM-FMTC Harmonic Injection Pulse Width Modulation and Frequency Modulated Triangular Carrier (HIPWM-FMTC) This new technique uses an identical modulator to the one used with the HIPWM technique, and an instantaneous frequency triangular signal as the carrier

Modulator wave Carrier Wave

Modulated wave Harmonic Injection Pulse Width Modulation and Frequency Modulated Triangular Carrier (HIPWM-FMTC); modulating wave, carrier wave and resulting modulated wave.

Laboratory Experimental Setup

Results
Time (min) SPWM HIPWM HIPWM -FMTC

0 10 20

22.0 25.3 28.2

22.0 25.3 28.1

22.0 25.2 28.1

30
40

30.2
31.2

30.0
31.0

29.5
30.4

50
60

31.9
32.3

31.7
32.0

31.1
31.4

70
80

32.4
32.4

32.1
32.1

31.5
31.5

90

32.5

32.2

31.6

Table of temperatures measured in the AC-motor stator in the test performed With 50% charge.

Results continued :
Time (min) SPWM HIPWM HIPWMFMTC

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

22.0 23.9 26.8 27.3 27.7 28.0 28.1 28.1 28.1 28.1

22.0 23.9 26.6 27.2 27.6 27.8 27.9 27.9 27.9 27.9

22.0 23.9 26.2 26.8 27.2 27.3 27.4 27.4 27.4 27.5

Table of temperatures measured in the AC-motor stator in the test performed With 25% charge.

Conclusion The technique (HIPWM-FMTC) has a clear advantage over the other traditional PWM techniques in terms of heating the motor. This is due to the lower content of harmonics.

References
[1] Reduction in induction motor heating fed by a new PWM technique: results obtained in laboratory experiments. By M. J. Meco-Gutirrez , A. Ruiz Gonzalez ,F. Vargas-Merino ,J.R. Heredia-Larrubia . [2] Design of a High Performance Three-phase UPS with Unity Input Power Factor and High DCVoltage Conversion Ratio By Wen-Inne Tsai, York-Yih Sun, and JiaYou Lee Control System Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan [3] Shaping the HIPWM-FMTC strategy to reduce acoustic noise radiated by Inverter- Fed Induction Motors By Antonio Ruiz-Gonzlez, Mario J. Meco-Gutirrez,Francisco Vargas-Merino,Francisco PrezHidalgo,Juan Ramn Heredia

Thank you