INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, SITAPURA

Introduction History Attributes Technologies Advantages & Disadvantages Applications Future touch-screen technology

Introduction
A touch-screen is an electronic visual display that can detect the presence and location of a touch within the display area.
The term generally refers to touching the display of the device with a finger or hand. Can sense other passive objects, such as stylus.

HISTORY
Touch-screens emerged from academic & corporate research labs in the second half of the 1960s. The HP-150 from 1983 was probably the worlds earliest commercial touch-screen computer. It doesnt actually have a touch-screen in the strict sense, but can detect the position of any non-transparent object on the screen.

ATTRIBUTES
It has two main attributes: Enables one to interact directly with what is displayed. It lets one to do so without requiring any intermediate device that would need to be held in the hand.

TECHNOLOGIES
Resistive => several layers => most important are two layers that connect when touched. => capable of multitouch. => not affected by dust or dirt on the screen. => good for outdoor use.

Capacitive
=> conductive coating that emits an electric field. => very durable. => must be touched by something conductive. => also capable of multi-touch.

 Interruptive
=>a grid of waves over the screen gets interrupted at a certain point on the X axis and Y axis. => very high clarity due to having no layers over the actual screen. => not capable of multitouch. => easily affected by dirt and other interference.

Advantages & Disadvantages

Advantages: o o o o o o o o o User friendly. Fast response. Error free input. Easy to install. Use finger, fingernail, gloved hand, stylus or any soft-tip pointer to operate. Easy to clean and maintain. Compatible with windows, Macintosh and Linux. Does not interfere mouse and keyboard function. Makes computing easy, powerful and fun.

Disadvantages:

1) Finger stress: stress on human fingers when used for more than a few minutes at a time. (for example, ATMs).
2) Fingerprints: touch-screens can suffer from the problem of fingerprints on the display.

APPLICATIONS
Public Access:
o o o o o Museums. Library resource guides. Public transportation schedule. Shopping mail directory. Corporate information.

Business:
o Gas stations. o Restaurants, hospitals, bank, financial reporting.

 Entertainment
o Computer games. o Casinos

Government
o Military control. o Scientific research.

Future Touch-screens Technology

RPOs Digital Waveguide Touch. Minimal power requirements. Zero pressure touch & allows finger scrolling. Low cost and excellent durability. 3-dimensional touch-screen.

CONCLUSIONS
o To simplify input commands for largely unsophisticated computer users. o Touch-screen technology has been adopted by computer users of all abilities because it is simple, fast, and innovative.

o No usage of mouse and keyboards as they will be replaced by touch-screens.

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